Overview of the Collection
Access
Administrative Information
Biographical Note
Bibliography of Publications
Scope and Content
Arrangement
Indexing Terms
Acronyms
Overview of the Collection
Title: Willis M. Hawkins Papers, 1949-1998
Dates (inclusive): 1949-1998
Collection Number: mssHawkinspapers
Creator:
Hawkins, Willis M.
Extent: 80 boxes.
Repository:
The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens.
Manuscripts Department
1151 Oxford Road
San Marino, California 91108
Phone: (626) 405-2191
Email: reference@huntington.org
URL: http://www.huntington.org
Abstract: The Willis M. Hawkins Papers, 1920-2009 (80 boxes) document the successful aerospace engineering career of Hawkins at Lockheed,
the relationships between industry, military, and government, and the development of airplanes, missile systems, and space
vehicles during the second half of the 20th century.
Language: English.
Access
Open to qualified researchers by prior application through the Reader Services
Department. For more information, contact Reader Services.
Administrative Information
Publication Rights
The Huntington Library does not require that researchers request permission to
quote from or publish images of this material, nor does it charge fees for such
activities. The responsibility for identifying the copyright holder, if there is
one, and obtaining necessary permissions rests with the researcher.
Preferred Citation
[Identification of item]. Willis M. Hawkins Papers, The Huntington Library, San
Marino, California.
Provenance
Gift of Nancy G. Bostick, Hawkins's daughter and trustee, October 1, 2008.
Biographical Note
Willis Moore Hawkins (1913-2004) was born in Kansas City, Missouri, on 1 December
1913. As the only child of Willis Moore Hawkins, Sr. and Elizabeth Daniels, who
divorced shortly after his birth, Willis was raised by his mother. He was one of
five students in the first graduating class of Leelanau School, an experimental high
school in Glen Harbor, Michigan, that emphasized the outdoors and science. After
earning his Bachelor of Science in Aerospace Engineering from the University of
Michigan in 1937, he began a career that would span over 60 years at Lockheed
Aircraft Company, starting as a junior detail engineering draftsman in Burbank,
California.
Hawkins advanced through a number of key engineering positions at Lockheed, becoming
engineering department manager in 1944 and chief preliminary design engineer in
1949. From 1953 to 1957 he was director of engineering at Lockheed Missiles and
Space Company (LMSC), a division he helped to found. He became Assistant General
Manager in 1957, Corporate Vice President in 1960, and Vice President and General
Manager of LMSC Space Systems Division in 1961. He served as Lockheed Aircraft
Corporation's Vice President- Science and Engineering from 1962 to 1963 and 1966 to
1969, then advanced to Senior Vice President-Science and Engineering and was elected
a member of the Board of Directors in 1972. Although he took early retirement in
1974, he remained with Lockheed as a senior advisor and board member and in 1976
returned as Senior Vice President and President of the Lockheed- California Company,
a position he retained until 1979. From 1979 to early 1980 he served the corporation
as Senior Vice President-Aircraft, from which he again retired but remained as
Corporate Senior Advisor until his death in 2004.
During his long Lockheed career, Hawkins played a major role in the design and
development of airplanes, missile systems, and space vehicles. He served as a
structural component designer on the P-38 Lightning fighter, the Hudson bomber, and
the Lodestar transport. He contributed significantly in the design of high-speed
fighters such as the P-80 Shooting Star (first U.S jet fighter), F-104 Starfighter
(supersonic interceptor aircraft), and transports such as the C-130 Hercules,
Constitution, and Constellation. He directed the formation of Lockheed's first major
organization for Weapon System Analysis, which defined the optimum anti-submarine
warfare systems with the support of the Office of Naval Research. He also directed
the pilotless aircraft division and led the development of the X-7 ramjet test
vehicle and X-17 reentry test vehicle, which formed the basis for the formation of
LMSC. As chief engineer and then as assistant general manager of the Missiles and
Space Division, he led the advanced design teams that developed the concepts leading
to the Navy's Polaris submarine launched ballistic missile as well as the Agena
space vehicle and Discoverer program.
In addition to his work at Lockheed, Hawkins contributed his ideas and advice to the
government, military, and industry establishments through his consulting for a
variety of private and public institutions, including the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration (NASA), the Army, the Navy, the Department of Defense (DoD),
and the National Research Council (NRC). With the NASA he served as a member of the
Space Program Advisory Council (SPAC) from 1974 to 1978, as a member, then Chairman
of the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel (ASAP) between 1975 and 1984, and as a member
of the NASA Advisory Council (NAC) from 1977 to 1983. He was a member of the NRC
Naval Studies Board (NSB) from 1982 to1986 and 1988 to1992, member, then Chairman of
the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board
(ASEB) from 1967 to 1975, and a member of the NAE Space Applications Board (SAB)
from 1975-1978. He was also Vice-Chairman (1970) and Chairman (1971) of the
Aerospace Industry Association (AIA) Aerospace Technical Council and, in 1979,
Chairman of the Defense Science Board of the Department of Defense.
Hawkins received numerous awards and honors throughout his career. In 1961 he
received the U.S. Navy Distinguished Public Service Award for his contributions to
the Polaris missile program. Hawkins briefly left Lockheed between 1963 and 1966 to
serve as Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Army for Research and Development, for
which he received Distinguished Civilian Service Awards in 1965 and 1966 for his
contributions to the Army's research and development programs and for his direction
of the M1 Abrams main battle tank development. He received an honorary Doctor of
Engineering degree from the University of Michigan in 1965 and an honorary Doctor of
Science degree from Illinois College in 1966, the same year he was elected to the
National Academy of Engineering (NAE). In addition to the NASA Distinguished Public
Service Medal awarded in 1975 for his contributions to the space shuttle program,
Hawkins received the Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy in 1982 and the National Medal
of Science in 1988.
Hawkins was a member of many professional organizations, including the honorary
engineering society, Tau Beta Pi, and the National Academy of Engineering (NAE). He
was a fellow of both the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA)
and the Royal Aeronautical Society of Great Britain.
Hawkins held 14 patents, including basic aircraft and component patents on carrier
aircraft landing gear, a multiple-wheel system for large aircraft, a jet aircraft
system with augmented takeoff and boundary-layer control, thrust augmentation of
pure jet engines, aircraft control with thrust deflection, jet aircraft with
aft-mounted engines, and design patents for several Lockheed airplanes, including
the C-130 Hercules transport vehicle.
Although he worked as an engineer and administrator rather than a test pilot,
Hawkins earned a pilot's license in 1939 and owned a series of private planes over
his lifetime. He also maintained a sense of civic duty, and gave many speeches to a
variety of audiences ranging from children to professional groups. He authored
numerous articles in a wide variety of publications, both popular and technical, and
remained deeply involved in many aspects of aviation in his private life until his
death.
He married Anita Stanfill on 22 June 1940; they had three children, Nancy Gay
(Bostick) (b. 1943), Willis M. III (b. 1945), and James Walter (b. 1956). Widowed in
1982, Hawkins remarried Fredericka Betts in 1984 and later divorced in 1990. He died
at his home in Woodland Hills, California, on September 28, 2004, of natural causes
at the age of 90.
Bibliography of Publications
Hawkins, Willis M. "Air Transport for Emerging Countries."
Journal of
Aircraft,
17(8). (1980): 547-53.
Brewer, G.D. and Willis M. Hawkins. "Alternate Fuels Make Better Airplanes:
Let's Demonstrate Now."
AIAA Journal, 9. (1979): 42-46.
Hawkins, Willis M. "Answer to Tumerman Letter on the Symposium on Hydrogen for
Aviation."
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 7(1). (1982:
97-98).
-------- . "Ben R. Rich." In
NAE Memorial Tributes, Vol. 8.
Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1996, 201-5.
-------- . "Can Competition and Collaboration Live Side by Side."
International Business Lawyer, 6(2). (1978): 212-18.
-------- . "The Challenge to Take Intelligent Risks."
AIAA
Journal.
(1979).
-------- . "Design Considerations for Feeder Line Transport."
Society of
Automotive Engineers Journal.
(1947).
Hawkins, Willis M. and R. Thoren. "Design Development, Lockheed 'Constitution'."
Society of Automotive Engineers Journal. (1948).
Hawkins, Willis M. "Design Proposal for Personal Aircraft."
Weight
Engineering Journal.
(1949).
-------- . "Frank Allen Cleveland." In
NAE Memorial Tributes,
Vol. 3. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1996, 201-5.
-------- . Forward to ."
Gatty: Prince of Navigators, by Bruce
Brown. San Diego: Libra, 1997.
-------- . "Get the Job Done, Don't Manage It to Death."
Aerospace
America.
(1984).
-------- . "Lockheed Constitution: Development Story." (1950).
-------- . "Profile—Irven Culver."
-------- . "Risk and Technical Health."
Council of Engineering and
Scientific Society Executives (CESSE) Quill,
24(2). (1986:
1-2).
-------- . "Tactical 'Over the Horizon' Vision."
International Defense
& Technologie,
14. (1993: 43-48).
-------- . "Technical Status of the Nation's Airlines/Airframe Industry," in
State of the Nation’s Air Transportation System, Summary Proceedings of a
Symposium June 3-4, 1976,
51-53. Washington, DC: National Academy of
Engineering, 1976.
-------- . "Toward a Brighter 21st Century."
Leaders. (1980,
July).
-------- . "When Not to Manage."
Aerospace America. (1984,
Aug).
-------- . "Where Aerospace Can Serve Afresh: Paths to Energy Independence."
AIAA Journal, 16(2). (1978): 32-36.
-------- . "Why the Thor-Hawk?"
The Michigan Technic. (1937,
May).
--------.
Your Audience Has High Hopes. Institute of the
Aeronautical Sciences.
Scope and Content
The Willis M. Hawkins Papers, 1920-2009 (80 boxes) document the successful aerospace
engineering career of Hawkins at Lockheed, the relationships between industry,
military, and government, and the development of airplanes, missile systems, and
space vehicles during the second half of the 20th century. Effort was made to
maintain the original order in which the collection arrived at The Huntington
Library and the arrangement reflects Hawkins' organization of materials largely by
subject, project, or organization. The bulk of collection materials date from the
1950s to the early 1990s and consists of correspondence, memoranda, presentation and
meeting materials, reports, blueprints, clippings, speeches, writings, and ephemera.
The collection is especially rich in correspondence; in addition to Hawkins'
incoming and outgoing correspondence is the copied correspondence of other Lockheed
executives with whom Hawkins worked closely during his tenure. Hawkins' involvement
in consulting and professional organizations was often in conjunction with his role
at Lockheed, and researchers should thus be aware that materials are often dispersed
through the series. For example, materials related to specific committees are
frequently represented in both the Correspondence and Consulting Files Series.
The Willis M. Hawkins Papers, 1920-2009 (80 boxes) document the successful aerospace
engineering career of Hawkins at Lockheed, the relationships between industry,
military, and government, and the development of airplanes, missile systems, and
space vehicles during the second half of the 20th century. Effort was made to
maintain the original order in which the collection arrived at The Huntington
Library and the arrangement reflects Hawkins' organization of materials largely by
subject, project, or organization. The collection is divided into ten series:
Assistant Secretary of the Army for Research and Development, Calendars and Diaries,
Consulting Files, Correspondence, Personal Files, Photographs, Presentations and
Speeches, Publications and Writings, Subject Files, and Oversized, with the bulk of
the material concentrated in the Consulting Files, Correspondence and Subject Files
series. The bulk of collection materials date from the 1950s to the early 1990s and
consists of correspondence, memoranda, presentation and meeting materials, reports,
blueprints, clippings, speeches, writings, and ephemera. The collection is
especially rich in correspondence; in addition to Hawkins' incoming and outgoing
correspondence is the copied correspondence of other Lockheed executives with whom
Hawkins worked closely during his tenure. Hawkins' involvement in consulting and
professional organizations was often in conjunction with his role at Lockheed, and
researchers should thus be aware that materials are often dispersed through the
series. For example, materials related to specific committees are frequently
represented in both the Correspondence and Consulting Files Series.
Series 1: Assistant Secretary of the Army for Research and
Development, 1963-1966, 1968, 1970-1972, 1975, 1992, n.d. (Box 1 and Oversize
Series)
Arranged by subject and chronologically, the series
documents Hawkins' term of service as Assistant Secretary of the Army for Research
and Development and consists of clippings, photographs, ephemera, and
correspondence. Includes six large scrapbooks located in Oversize series.
Series 2: Calendars and Diaries, 1966-1981, 1983-1984, 1995-1998
(Boxes 2-4)
The series contains three distinct forms of calendars
and diaries, arranged by format and chronologically. Of particular interest are the
diaries (1966-1981, 1983-1984) which contain Hawkins' detailed and extensive daily
entries of work activities with personal commentary. Calendars (1980-1983), likely
maintained by Hawkins' secretary or assistant, contain brief schedule and
appointment notes. Personal calendars (1995-1998) were maintained by Hawkins and
contain brief notes of his daily activities, primarily personal, but include work
and travel schedules.
Series 3: Consulting Files, 1966-1999, n.d. (Boxes
5-29)
Arranged alphabetically by organization, institution, or
corporation, the series consists of agendas, correspondence, meeting materials,
memoranda, minutes, notes, organizational charts, papers, presentation materials,
and reports that document Hawkins extensive consulting experience with the
government, military, and industry establishments. Hawkins' involvement in
consulting was often in conjunction with his role at Lockheed, as such, researchers
should be aware that materials may be dispersed through the collection. Committees
and studies in which Hawkins acted as chairman are best represented in the series.
He served as chairman for the National Research Council Strategic Technologies for
the Army (STAR) Study, formed with the primary objective “to identify those
technological requirements, operational changes, and combat service support
structures needed to land and support forces ashore.” The bulk of the NASA Aerospace
Safety Advisory Panel (ASAP) records date from 1976 to 1984, including Hawkins' term
as chair from 1982 to 1984. The ASAP assessed the operational plans, procedure, and
facilities of the Space Transportation System, including the design and schedule
review, space shuttle alternatives review, and risk analysis; frequent
correspondents include James Beggs, Gil Roth, Gen. James Abrahamson, Herbert Grier,
and Leighton I. Davis. Hawkins also advised NASA programs as member and Chairman of
the National Academy of Engineering Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board (ASEB),
and as a member of both the National Academy of Sciences Space Applications Board
(SAB) and Space Science Board (SSB). The records in the NAE subseries document the
relationship between the ASEB, SSB, and SAB, and include detailed meeting summaries
and yearly activity reports; frequent correspondents include LaRae L. Teel, George M
Low, James C. Fletcher, and Charles H. Townes.
Series 4: Correspondence, 1941-1964, 1966-2001, 2003-2004, n.d.
(Boxes 30-50)
Arranged alphabetically by subject and chronologically
within, the series contains professional and personal letters, often including
attachments of meeting notes, agendas, minutes, papers, blueprints, drawings and
clippings. The Chronological subseries, likely maintained by Hawkins' secretaries or
assistants, represents the bulk of the series and consists primarily of Hawkins'
outgoing correspondence. Compiled by Hawkins, the various subject and Personal
correspondence files contain a greater number of incoming letters and memoranda. In
addition, copied correspondence or memoranda from or between Lockheed executives
throughout Hawkins' tenure are well represented in the series. The distinctions
between the subseries are often unclear as there is overlap and duplication of
topics and material. As such, researchers should be aware that materials may be
dispersed through the series. Likewise, materials in the Correspondence, Consulting
Files, and Subject Files series are frequently related and contain corresponding or
duplicate documents. Frequent correspondents include Lockheed executives and senior
management such as Roy A. Anderson, Lawrence O. Kitchen, and Daniel Tellep, Norman
R. Augustine, Carl Haddon, Carl Kotchian, James W. Plummer, Jack Real, Clarence L.
Johnson, Ben Rich, Daniel J. Haughton, and Courtland Gross. Frequent correspondents
at Lockheed Missiles and Space Company include Eugene Root, Herschel Brown, Stanley
Burriss, Louis Ridenour, and James Plummer. The Army, Air Force, and Navy are
correspondents within the Department of Defense (DoD) subseries. Topics represented
in the series include aircraft (C-141 Starlifter, C-5 Galaxy, AH-56 Cheyenne,
L-1011, supersonic transport, stealth, Quiet Aircraft, remotely piloted vehicles,
long endurance aircraft), missile systems (tactical, long range, intercontinental,
air-to-air, air-to-surface, cruise, Polaris, Ding-Dong), space programs and
satellite systems (Discoverer/CORONA, Pioneer Venus, Agena), and projects (Ping-Pong
reconnaissance rocket, X-7 ramjet test vehicle, X-17 research rocket). Other topics
represented are employee relations, personnel development, and operations at
Lockheed, internal and national research and development programs, and liquid
hydrogen as an alternate fuel. Noteworthy are Hawkins' weekly, monthly, and yearly
activity reports throughout the Chronological subseries, which provide an account of
the projects he supervised in detail.
Series 5: Personal Files, 1937, 1941-1954, 1955, 1959,
1961-1994, 1997-2001, 2008-2009, n.d. (Boxes 51-53)
Arranged
alphabetically by subject, the series contains awards, financial records, ephemera,
correspondence, and clippings. Also documents Hawkins' social memberships, patents,
and security clearances.
Series 6: Photographs, 1920, 1929, 1931, 1933, 1935, 1939, 1944,
1946, 1947-1948, 1950, 1952, 1954-1955, 1957, 1962-1967, 1969-1971, 1974-1989,
1991-1994, 1999-2000 n.d. (Boxes 54-56)
Arranged alphabetically by
subject, the series contains various sized photographs and negatives in black and
white and color. Several photographs precede Hawkins' tenure at Lockheed, but
capture significant company events, programs, and employees. Photographs originally
located in other series within the collection were replaced with photocopies and
relocated to the Photographs series.
Series 7: Presentations and Speeches, 1949, 1952-1956,
1958-1962, 1964, 1966-2002, 2004, n.d. (Boxes 57-64)
Arranged
chronologically, the series contains notes, correspondence, drafts, and ephemera
that document Hawkins' extensive public speaking engagements. Hawkins spoke on a
wide range of topics to varied audiences, including aerospace clubs, professional
organizations, elementary and university classes, and Lockheed employees. Topics
include commercial transport, liquid hydrogen as an alternate fuel, science and
technology, the role of engineers, maintaining aerospace leadership, research and
development, as well as Lockheed projects and history.
Series 8: Publications and Writings, 1937, 1944, 1950,
1979-1981, 1983-1987, 1992-1993, 1995-1997, 1999-2000, n.d. (Box 65)
The series consists of drafts, papers, correspondence, notes, and clippings and is
divided into two subseries, published and unpublished material, and arranged
alphabetically by title. Topics include the history and future of Lockheed and
aerospace industry projects, management systems, liquid hydrogen as an alternate
fuel, public speaking, and memorial tributes. Writings were published in domestic
and international journals, magazines, and books, for professionals as well as
enthusiasts.
Series 9: Subject Files, 1920, 1929, 1931, 1933, 1935, 1937,
1942, ca. 1944, 1945-1946, ca. 1947-1948, 1951, 1956-1957, 1962, 1964-1986,
1988-2001, 2004, n.d. (Boxes 66-79)
Arranged alphabetically by
subject, the series is comprised of correspondence, reports, papers, memoranda,
notes and ephemera relating to various Lockheed projects in which Hawkins was
involved. Project designations for aircraft, satellites, missiles, etc. changed over
time, as such, subseries titles reflect the designations represented in the
materials in chronological order. The subjects best represented/illustrated in the
series include the C-5A / C-5D / C-5 Galaxy subseries, which documents the 1972
Congressional Hearings and the Corporate Steering Committee chaired by Hawkins,
formed to review and guide the efforts of the Task Force assigned to improve the
utility of the C-5 for the Air Force; the L-1011 Tristar subseries details the
design plans, production of the Rolls Royce RB-211 engine, 1971 Congressional
Hearings, and airplane rollout; and the C-130 Hercules subseries contains material
regarding the design of the aircraft, litigation issues, and anniversary articles.
The Rigid Rotor Helicopters subseries documents the Blue Ribbon Committee technical
audit of the AH-56A, the technical design review of a surveillance derivative of
AAFSS, and the history of the program; frequent correspondents include Jack G. Real,
M. Carl Haddon, and Rudy Thoren. The Hydrogen Fuel subseries documents Hawkins
international campaign to use liquid hydrogen as an alternate aircraft fuel and
includes the reports and papers of Daniel Brewer, who worked closely with Hawkins.
The Lockheed Aircraft Company / Lockheed Corporation / Lockheed Martin subseries
documents corporate history through employee newsletters, oral histories,
correspondence, clippings, ephemera, photographs, papers, reports, and notes. The
Oral Histories subseries is primarily comprised of transcripts of interviews
conducted in 1982 by W.D. Perreault as a Lockheed Oral History Project. The
discussions explore the early life, education, career of the interviewee. Also
described are significant events, developments and projects at Lockheed and in the
aerospace industry during the individual's career. The subseries also contains
transcripts from interviews of Hawkins in 2000 and Cyril Chappellet's wife, Pat, in
2001.
Series 10: Oversize, 1963-1966, n.d. ( Box 80 and 6
scrapbooks)
The series is comprised of clippings, correspondence,
ephemera, photographs, and presentation materials that document Hawkins' term as
Assistant Secretary of the Army for Research and Development and contains art work
used for presentations related to the use of hydrogen as an alternate fuel.
Arrangement
Arranged in the following ten series:
- 1. Assistant Secretary of the Army for Research and Development
- 2. Calendars and Diaries
- 3. Consulting Files
- 4. Correspondence
- 5. Personal Files
- 6. Photographs
- 7. Presentations and Speeches
- 8. Publications and Writings
- 9. Subject Files
- 10. Oversize.
Indexing Terms
Subjects
Hawkins, Willis M. --
Archives.
Aerospace Industries
Association of America.
Aerospace Technical
Council (Aerospace Industries Association of America)
Assembly of
Mathematical and Physical Sciences (U.S.). Naval Studies Board.
Assembly of
Mathematical and Physical Sciences (U.S.). Space Science Board.
Lockheed Aircraft
Corporation.
Lockheed-California
Company.
Lockheed
Corporation.
Lockheed
Martin.
Lockheed Missiles and
Space Company.
NASA Advisory
Council.
National Research
Council (U.S.)
National Research
Council (U.S.). Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board.
National Research
Council (U.S.). Board on Army Science and Technology.
United States. Army
Scientific Advisory Panel.
United States.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
United States.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Aerospace Safety Advisory
Panel.
Aeronautical engineers -- United
States.
Aeronautics -- United States.
Aerospace engineering -- United
States.
Aerospace engineers -- United
States.
Aerospace industries --
Employees.
Aerospace industries -- United
States.
Aircraft industry --
Employees.
Aircraft industry -- Military
aspects.
Aircraft industry -- United States --
History -- 20th century.
Airplanes.
Airplanes -- Design and
construction.
Airplanes, Military.
Antisubmarine aircraft.
Ballistic missiles.
Cheyenne (Attack helicopter)
Constellation (Transport
planes)
Engineering -- United States.
Engineers -- United States.
Hydrogen as fuel.
Intercontinental ballistic
missiles.
Jet planes, Military.
Liquid hydrogen.
Lockheed aircraft.
Supersonic transport planes.
Stealth aircraft.
Burbank (Los Angeles
County, Calif.)
California -- History
-- 1950-
Forms/Genres
Awards.
Clippings.
Documents.
Ephemera.
Letters (correspondence)
Negatives (photographic)
Photocopies.
Photographic prints.
Scrapbooks.
Technical drawings.
Acronyms
AAF: Alternative Aircraft Fuels
AFA: Air Force Association
AAH: Advanced
Attack Helicopter
AAV: Autonomous Air Vehicle
ABR: Aeroballistic
Rocket
ACRV: Assured Crew Return Vehicle
AFMA: Armed Forces Management
Association
AFSC: Air Force Space Command
AHEG: Ad Hoc Executive Group
[Hydrogen Energy]
AIA: Aerospace Industries Association
AIAA: American
Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
AMC: Army Materiel Command
AOCI: Operators Council International
ASAP: Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel
(NASA)
ASAP: Army Scientific Advisory Panel
ASEB: Aeronautics and Space
Engineering Board (NAE)
ASME: American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASTOVL: Advanced Short Take Off Vertical Landing
ASW: Anti-Submarine
Warfare
ATA: Air Transport Association
ATC: Aerospace Technical Council
ATF: Advanced Tactical Fighter
ATW: Air Transport World
AUSA:
Association of the United States Army
BAST: Board on Army Science and
Technology (NRC)
CALAC: Lockheed - California Company
CDA: Concept
Demonstrator Aircraft
CESSE: Council of Engineering and Scientific Society of
Executives
CETS: Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems (NRC)
CIA: Central Intelligence Agency
CORLAC: Lockheed Corporation
DAG:
Defense Acquisition Guidebook
DARPA: Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency
DFVLR: Deutsche Forschungs-Luft-und Versuchsanstalt für Luft-und
Raumfahrt
DGLR: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft-und Raumfahrt
DoD:
Department of Defense
DSB: Defense Science Board
DSRV: Deep Submergence
Rescue Vehicle
DSSV: Deep Submergence Search Vehicle
EAL: Eastern
Airlines
ERIS: Exoatmospheric
Reentry Interceptor System
EVAF:
European Association for Industrial Marketing Research
GELAC: Lockheed -
Georgia Company
GEO: Geosynchronous Earth Orbit
HALE: High Altitude Long
Endurance
HOB: Hang Out of Battery
IBA: International Bureau of Aviation
IDA: Institute for Defense Analyses
IR&D: Independent Research and
Development
ISA: Instrument Society of America
ISF: Industrial Space
Facility
LAC: Lockheed Aircraft Corporation
LAI: Lockheed Advanced
Institute
LAI: Lockheed Aircraft International
LAS: Lockheed Aircraft
Service Company
LERC: Lockheed Employee Recreation Club
LLI: Lockheed
Leadership Institute
LMSC: Lockheed Missiles and Space Company
LRCA: Long
Range Combat Aircraft
LSCC: Lockheed Ship Building and Construction Company
LSMI: Lockheed Senior Management Institute
LTMI: Lockheed Technical
Management Institute
LSOC: Lockheed Space Operations Company
MECACON:
Middle East Civil Aviation Conference
MICOM: Missile Command
MIP:
Management Incentive Program
MIT: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
NAA: National Aeronautic Association
NAC: NASA Advisory Council
NAE:
National Academy of Engineering
NASA: National Aeronautics and Space
Administration
NCAR: National Center for Atmospheric Research
NDAA:
Non-Developmental Airlift Aircraft
NIAG: NATO Industry Advisory Group
NRC: Nuclear Regulatory Commission
NRC: National Research Council
NSAC:
National Security Affairs Conference
NSIA: National Security Industrial
Association
NRAC: Naval Research Advisory Committee
NSB: Naval Studies
Board
RAAF: Royal Australian Air Force
RDA: R & D Associates
RLV: Reusable Launch Vehicle
SAB: Safety Advisory Board (LSOC)
SAB:
Scientific Advisory Board (USAF)
SAB: Space Applications Board (NAE)
SAE: Society of Automotive Engineers
SDI: Strategic Defense Initiative
SPAC: Space Program Advisory Council (NASA)
SPC: Shuttle Processing Contract
(LSOC)
SRA: Systems Research and Applications Corporation
SRAM: Short
Range Attack Missile
SSB: Space Science Board
SSD: Space Systems Division
(LAC)
SSEIC: Space Station Engineering and Integration Contract
SSOMAT:
Space Shuttle Operational Management Assessment Team (NASA)
SSPSD: Space
Station Program Support Division
SST: Supersonic Transport
STAR: Strategic
Technologies for the Army (NRC)
TETF: Turbine Engine Test Facilities
TMPG: Technical Management Policy Group
TWA: Trans World Airlines
UCAR:
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
UCLA: University of California
Los Angeles
USC: University of Southern California
UTA: Unmanned Tactical
Aircraft
VHA: Very High Altitude
VSTOL: Vertical Short Take Off and
Landing
WAEO: World Aerospace Education Organization