Inventory of the Yukio Mochizuki Collection SPC.1998.003
Finding aid prepared by Tracy Liley
California State University Dominguez Hills, Gerth Archives and Special Collections
©2006
University Library South -5039 (Fifth Floor)
1000 E. Victoria St.
Carson, CA 90747
archives@csudh.edu
Language of Material:
English
Contributing Institution:
California State University Dominguez Hills, Gerth Archives and Special Collections
Title: Mochizuki (Yukio) Collection
creator:
Mochizuki, Yukio
Identifier/Call Number: SPC.1998.003
Physical Description:
4 boxes
Physical Description:
2 Linear Feet
Date (inclusive): 1942-1998
Abstract: Colleciton of notes, articles, correspondence, photographs, and term papers collected by Yukio Mochizuki, a student at CSUDH,
while researching Japanese-American and Japanese-Peruvian internment during World War II.
Language of Material: Collection material is in English and Japanese.
Access
There are no access restrictions on this collection.
Publication Rights
All requests for permission to publish or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Director of Archives
and Special Collections. Permission for publication is given on behalf of Special Collections as the owner of the physical
materials and not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained.
Preferred Citation
[Title of item], Mochizuki (Yukio) Collection, Courtesy of the Department of Archives and Special Collections. University
Library. California State University, Dominguez Hills
Acquisition Information
Materials received from Dr. Donald Hata, professor at CSUDH, 1998.
Processing Information
Originally processed by Traci Liley, 1998.
Project Information
This finding aid was created as part of Early Los Angeles/Rancho San Pedro Manuscript Cataloging Project, a CSU Dominguez
Hills Library project funded by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission. The project started in 2005.
Project Director was Greg Williams. Project Archivists were Thomas Philo and Jennifer Allan Goldman.
History
Materials in the Mochizuki Collection were accumulated by Yukio Mochizuki. Mr. Mochizuki was an undergraduate student at California
State University Dominguez Hills during the late 1970's. Mr. Mochizuki's research focus pertained to the Japanese-Peruvian
internment during World War II. The collection was left in the care of Dr. Donald Hata, Professor of History at California
State University Dominguez Hills. Dr. Hata graciously turned the collection over to the University Archives in May of 1998.
The collection was processed during the Summer of 1998 and is open to research without restrictions.
On February 19, 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066. This order led to the removal of 120,000
people of Japanese ancestry from the west coast of the United States. The War Relocation Authority set up ten internment camps
to house the Japanese-Americans. However, the United States also had internment camps for Axis nationals from South America.
As early as 1938 many South American governments were working with the United States to intern or repatriate all Axis nationals.
This included people of Japanese, German, and Italian ancestry in South America. It was the hope of the participating governments
that these nationals could be used in POW trades. Thirteen countries from South America participated in this plan. However,
eighty percent of the internees from South America were sent by Peru.
The first group of Japanese-Peruvians left Peru aboard the Etolin on April 5, 1942. Many others followed soon after.The Japanese-Peruvians
were housed in three different camps in Texas: Kenedy, Seagoville, and Crystal City. They lived in these camps for the duration
of the war.
After being released from the camps at the end of the war, the Japanese-Peruvian internees were not allow to return to Peru,
regardless of their citizenship. Lawsuits were filed on behalf of some of the Japanese-Peruvians to allow them to stay in
the United States because they had no other place to go. The U.S. Department of Immigration tried to deport the internees
because they entered the country illegally. Some were still living in the old internment camps as late as 1948 because of
the legal difficulties. Eventually some of the internees went to Japan and a very few were allowed back into Peru. The majority
remained in the United States.
In 1988, the Japanese-American internees were offered a formal apology along with $20,000 from the United States government.
Since that time, a group of Japanese-Peruvians have been lobbying for the same consideration. In June of 1998, President Clinton
formally apologized to the survivors of the Japanese-Peruvian internment and each survivor living in the United States received
$5000. As of this date, no apology has been forthcoming from Peru.
Scope and Content
The Mochizuki Collection contains correspondence, documents, newspaper articles, term papers, and photographs. Mr Mochizuki's
original research was about Japanese-American internment, so there is some material related to that theme. However, most of
the material relates to the Japanese-Peruvian internment.
The majority of the material was collected during 1977. Most of the material was found in an orderly condition at the time
of processing. However, rusting metal binders and staples were discarded. Overall, the material seemed to be in good shape.
The collection had been stored in a box which was kept in Dr. Hata's office. At his request, copies of the donated material
will be returned to him. Mr. Mochizuki's correspondence includes research requests, interviews by mail, and memos on how his
work was progressing. There is also correspondence between Japanese-Peruvian internees and various government officials. Some
has been translated from Spanish by John Romero.
There are personal documents belonging to Japanese-Peruvian internees. Most of these belong to Manuel Ykari, a native born
Peruvian who eventually stayed in the United States and became a citizen. There is an official report by John Emmerson, Second
Secretary to the American Embassy in Peru during World War II. There are also other government memos included. Warren Rucker's
unpublished Master's Thesis on Japanese-Peruvians is also contained in this collection. In addition, there are newspaper articles
dating from the 1940's through the 1980's on various subjects. These include the internment of Japanese-Americans, Japanese-Peruvians,
and Japanese-Canadians. There are also articles from Japanese language newspapers.
The photographs in the collection belonged to Manuel Ykari. The original photographs are in the collection as well as xerox
copies and some of the negatives. Most of the pictures seem to be from the time he worked at Seabrook Farms after the war.
There are a few which seem to be from an internment camp. There are some term papers by various authors in this collection.
There are several on Japanese-Americans and two on the Japanese-Peruvians. Mr. Mochizuki's finished term paper, for which
he did this research, is included. Mr. Mochizuki got copies of some of his material from Michi Weglyn. He also collected quite
a bit of personal documentation from his interviews with Manuel Ykari. The related term papers were added to the collection
by Dr. Hata.
Arrangement
Arranged in four series:
- Series I: Correspondence (1942-1977)
- Series II: Manuel Ykari Documents (1943-1959)
- Series III: Publications (1943-1998)
- Series IV: Audio Interview Tapes (1977) (Addition)
Related Material
Asian Pacific Collection
Subjects and Indexing Terms
Crystal City Internment Camp (Crystal City, Tex.)
Japanese -- Peru -- Evacuation and relocation, 1942-1945
Japanese Americans -- Evacuation and relocation, 1942-1945
Japanese periodicals
Crystal City (Tex.)
Hata, Donald Teruo, 1934-
Correspondence
1942-1977
Physical Description: 42 folders
Scope and Contents
This series contains all Yukio Mochizuki's research correspondence, interview notes, and information on his research contacts.
It also contains rosters of internees, government memos and reports, and an unpublished Master's Thesis on the subject.
box 1, folder 1
One letter to James Bell requesting research help
1977
box 1, folder 2
One research request letter to Commander of Fort Bliss, Texas.
1977
box 1, folder 3
One letter from Yasuko Hanami in regards to research. Original envelope included.
1977
box 1, folder 4
Various letters and memos to/from Dr. Donald Hata regarding research and independent study project.
1977
box 1, folder 5
One research request letter to Mike Honda.
1977
box 1, folder 6
Thank you letter to Yoshinari Honda for an interview.
1977
box 1, folder 7
Three different drafts of an interview letter to Raymond Ickes (Re: Japanese- Peruvians) One letter from Ickes responding
to interview questions. One letter to Raymond Ickes asking more questions.
1977
box 1, folder 8
Thank you letter to Isamu Kurotobi. One letter with interview questions to Kurotobi. Reply letter from Kurotobi to previous
letter. Telegram from Kurotobi requesting assistance for wife's visa problem. Response letter to Kurotobi, re: wife.
1977
box 1, folder 9
Two thank you letters to Naoko Kurotobi (wife of Isamu).
1977
box 1, folder 10
Research request letter to Kanji Nishijima. (Copy of first draft also.)
1977
box 1, folder 11
Thank you letter to Tazuko Shibusawa for helping with interviews at Japan Retirement
1977
box 1, folder 12
Research request letter to Yukio Takamatsu, Consul General of the Japan Consulate in Los Angeles.
1977
box 1, folder 13
One letter regarding sharing information to Alan Taniguchi.
1977
box 1, folder 14
Research request letter to Izumi Taniguchi. Reply letter from Taniguchi. Thank you letter to Taniguchi.
1977
box 1, folder 15
Research request letter to Ernest Uno.
1977
box 1, folder 16
Thank you letter to Fred I. Wada, Chairman of the Board at the Japan Retirement Home in Los Angeles.
1977
box 1, folder 17
Thank you letter to Harukichi Watanabe for interviews given.
1977
box 1, folder 18
Various letters to/from Michi Weglyn regarding research, includes information she uncovered during her own research.
1977
box 1, folder 19
Various letters and memos to Dr. Agnes Yamada regarding independent study project for ENG-298. One memo has background of
Isamu Kurotobi, a Japanese- Peruvian interned during World War II.
1977
box 1, folder 20
Mochizuki Interview Notes: Harukichi Watanabe interview . Mrs. Fujie Honda interview . Isamu Kurotobi interview Includes a
list of names and addresses for other possible interview subjects.
1977
box 1, folder 21
Various research sources used by Yukio Mochizuki. Includes names, addresses and bibliography put together by Mochizuki. There
is also a brochure from the Alta California Bookstore with a listing of books on or about Japanese- Americans
undated
box 1, folder 22
Two "Who's Who in America" biographical sketches of John K. Emmerson, Foreign Service Officer in Peru and Japan
undated
box 1, folder 23
Memo to American Ambassador from John K. Emmerson outlining his opinion on the Japanese colony in Peru.
1942
box 1, folder 24
Newspaper articles mentioning or about Dr. Donald Hata, CSUDH. Various dates
1975 -1977
box 1, folder 25
Correspondence of Hector Hayashi with Peruvian government. Documents are in Spanish
undated
box 1, folder 26
Personal document of Isamu Kurotobi, (Oregon liquor license). Includes undated copy of news article in Spanish.
1952
box 1, folder 27
Correspondence of Isamu Taniguchi. Information concerns Japanese-Americans. Originals in Japanese but there is a translated
copy of one letter
1963 -1977
box 1, folder 28
Translation of a newspaper article which mentions Isamu Taniguchi. New York Nichibei
1963
box 1, folder 29
Copy of a letter, in Spanish, from Victor Tateishi to Special Secretary, Jonathan Bingham.
1946
box 1, folder 30
Harukichi Watanabe correspondence. There are two letters of reference on Mr Watanabe's behalf
1946 -1947
box 1, folder 31
Copies of Japanese language newspaper articles about or mentioning Harukichi Watanabe
undated
box 1, folder 32
Personal documents of Harukichi Watanabe. Includes receipts from U. S. Justice Department; ie: internment camps. There is
also a copy of Mr. Watanabe's certificate of identification from the Justice Department.
1944
box 1, folder 33
Jose Asin Watanabe correspondence with the Peruvian government, in Spanish. One personal note, in Spanish
1943 -1951
box 1, folder 34
Copies of various correspondence of Michi Weglyn. 1) Handwritten note, author unknown, on Ballet Peruano letterhead, 2) letter
from Izumi Taniguchi, 3) letter from E. Fuhr, German internee at Crystal City
box 1, folder 35
Two newspaper articles about Michi Weglyn.
1977
box 1, folder 36
Copy of chapter 2 of Michi Weglyn's Years of Infamy. (Discusses internment of Japanese from South American
undated
box 1, folder 37
Seabrook Farm Roster. A partial listing of Japanese-Peruvians at Seabrook Farm or previously at Seabrook. There is also a
list in Japanese.
1950
box 1, folder 38
Roster of an unknown origin. Listing by family name, age and gender
undated
box 1, folder 39
Memo to a Mr. Gray. Mentions Peru's intent and President Roosevelt's approval of removing the Japanese from Peru.
1944
box 1, folder 40
Copy of John K. Emmerson's report, "Japanese in Peru." Written by the former Second Secretary of the Embassy in Lima. The
report includes history of Japanese in Peru, maps, statistics and the possible threat to South America.
1943
box 1, folder 41
Copies of various memos from throughout the State Department evaluating the "Japanese in Peru" report by John K. Emmerson
undated
box 1, folder 42
Warren P. Rucker's, University of Virginia, Master's Thesis #3884 "United States-- Peruvian Policy Toward Peruvian-Japanese
Persons during World War II."
1970
Mauel Ykari Documents
1943-1959
Physical Description: 10 folders.
Scope and Contents
This series contains personal documents, correspondence and photographs belonging to a Japanese-Peruvian former internee.
box 2, folder 1
Correspondence between Manuel Ykari and government. Letters in Spanish, some with translations
1943 -1947
box 2, folder 2
Correspondence between Manuel Ykari and William Collins, attorney. Includes list of payments made by Japanese-Peruvians who
hired Collins.
1952
box 2, folder 3
Personal correspondence of Ykari including letters, poems and stories
undated
box 2, folder 4
Power of Attorney papers of Manuel Ykari and Luis Sakoda
1946 -1948
box 2, folder 5
Personal documents of Manuel Ykari. Includes various receipts for dental services, books, car and life insurance. Address
reporting cards
undated
box 2, folder 6
Citizenship material of Manuel Ykari. Includes receipt for Petition of Naturalization , citizenship booklet , envelope with
possible date of naturalization Newspaper articles about citizenship swearing in ceremony
1958 -1959
box 2, folder 7
Income tax information and documents of Manuel Ykari
1946 - 1957
box 2, folder 8
Correspondence during Seabrook Farm years of Manuel Ykari. Includes notice of sponsorship of move to Los Angeles. There is
also a document in Japanese, no translation
1947 -1949
box 2, folder 9
Photographs belonging to Manuel Ykari. Includes copies and some negatives.
1940s
box 2, folder 10
Japanese-Peruvian School Yearbook. Fiftieth Anniversary Issue. Includes a letter of explanation by Yukio Mochizuki regarding
Manuel Ykari's donation of the annual
undated
Publications
1943-1998
Physical Description: 23 folders.
Scope and Contents
This series contains various news articles, poetry books, and term papers. Some of the material is in Japanese.
box 3, folder 1
Presidential Proclamation: "Removal of Alien Enemies"
1945
box 3, folder 2
Internment Camp Newsletters: seven newsletters from Crystal City (English); one newsletter from Kooskia (Japanese)
1943 -1946
box 3, folder 3
JACL "Outlook" newsletter Article on Crystal City camp.
1975
box 3, folder 4
Copy of journal article, "Japanese Internees from Peru," written by Edward Barnhart. Published in Pacific Historical Review
(XXX:2 May 1962), P. 169- 78.
1962
box 3, folder 5
Copies of five articles on varying subjects having to do with Japanese-Americans. All are in English
undated
box 3, folder 6
Three articles from The Colorado Times
1943 -1944
box 3, folder 7
Three articles from the Rafu Shimpo, in English, about Japanese- Canadians
undated
box 3, folder 8
Five articles on Japanese-Peruvians, various newspapers and dates
1948 -1977
box 3, folder 9
Various newspaper articles in Japanese. Copies included to show which articles go together. (There is one translation in English)
1963
box 3, folder 10
Two miscellaneous articles, in English, about Japanese subjects
undated
box 3, folder 11
Two unpublished articles by Judy Tachibana. 1) "Commission Examines Wartime Relocation" and 2) Article on Henry Ueno
undated
box 3, folder 12
Judy Tachibana correspondence regarding research on the subject of Japanese- American relocation
1976 -1981
box 3, folder 13
"The Human Cost of Asian Internment Camps: One Man's Story," by Judy Tachibana. Los Angeles Herald Examiner
1981
box 3, folder 14
Notes found with Tachibana material, but given the subject is Japanese-Peruvian, they may be notes made by Yukio Mochizuki
undated
box 3, folder 15
Poston Poetry Book, in Japanese
undated
box 3, folder 16
Poetry or story book in Japanese, cover has picture of a monkey. Source listed as Manuel Ykari
undated
box 3, folder 17
Poetry or story book in Japanese, cover has a train on it. Source listed as Manuel Ykari
undated
box 3, folder 18
Poetry or story book in Japanese, cover has a boy playing with cat and a dog. Source listed as Manuel Ykari
undated
box 3, folder 19
Miscellaneous Japanese language material, needs to be translated
undated
box 3, folder 20
Miscellaneous Spanish language material, two letters that need to be translated.
1943
box 3, folder 21
Yukio Mochizuki Term Papers: 1) "A Japanese Proverb Trilogue" for EAS-200, Spring 1977, CSUDH. 2) "A Summarization of History-
298" for HIS-298, Fall 1977, CSUDH. Both papers include a bibliography of reference sources.
1977
box 3, folder 22
Traci Liley Term Paper: "The Forgotten Internees: The Japanese of Peru" for HIS-490, Spring 1998, CSUDH.
1998
Audio Tape Interview
1977
Physical Description: 23 folders.
Scope and Contents
This series contains audio cassette tapes of interviews done by Yukio Mochizuki.
box 4, folder 1
Mrs. Ikemoto, Side 1, H. Watanabe, Side 2,
1977
box 4, folder 2
H. Watanabe, Side 1 & 2,
1977
box 4, folder 3
H. Watanabe, Side 1, M. Ykari, Side 2,
1977
box 4, folder 4
M. Ykari, Side 1 & 2
1977
box 4, folder 5
M. Ykari, Side 1, Side 2
1977
box 4, folder 6
M. Ykari, Side 1 & 2
1977
box 4, folder 7
Yoshinari Honda, Side 1& 2
1977
box 4, folder 8
Yoshinari Honda, Side 1& 2
1977