Branch of Forestry and Vegetation Management Records
Kylie Harris and Taylor Hayes
Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks
47050 Generals Highway
Three Rivers, CA 93271-9700
Phone: (559) 565-3133
Fax: (559) 565-3133
Email: Ward_Eldrege@nps.gov
URL: http://www.nps.gov/seki
© 2017
National Park Service, Sequoia & Kings Canyon NP. All rights reserved.
Branch of Forestry and Vegetation Management Records
Collection number: SEKI 22368
Museum and Archives
Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks
Three
Rivers, California
- Processed by:
- Kylie Harris and Taylor Hayes
- Date Completed:
- 2012
- Encoded by:
- Louis Knecht
© 2017 National Park Service, Sequoia & Kings Canyon NP. All rights
reserved.
Descriptive Summary
Title: Branch of Forestry and Vegetation Management
records
Dates: 1897-2005
Bulk Dates: 1987-2002
Collection number: SEKI
22368
Creator:
Sequoia National Park (Calif.). Division of
Forestry and Vegetation Management
Collection Size:
13 linear feet
Repository:
Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks, Museum and Archives.
Three Rivers, CA 93271-9700
Abstract: Records generated within the organizational divisions of
Sequoia Kings Canyon National Park concerning the branch of Forestry and Vegetation
Management.
Physical location: Sequoia Kings Canyon National Parks. Ash Mountain
Headquarters, Archive.
Languages: Languages represented in the collection: English
Access
Collection is open for research by appointment.
Publication Rights
Many collections are former federal government records and are in the public domain.
Other collections are from private sources; copyright has been transferred to the
NPS on most. Some collections have publication restrictions. Staff will assist
researchers in determining copyright status of selected materials. Researchers are
required to properly credit all materials used. The researcher assumes
responsibility for acquiring copyright permissions when needed.
Preferred Citation
Branch of Forestry and Vegetation Management records, SEKI 22368. Courtesy of the
National Park Service, Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks.
Acquisition Information
The collection came from the files of Tom Warner, the park forester for Sequoia and
Kings Canyon National Park, and covers the years 1897–2005 with the bulk of the
files dating from 1987–2002.
Biography / Administrative History
Sequoia and Kings Canyon were the second and fourth national parks to be established
by the federal government, in 1890 and 1940 respectively. The park’s superintendent
began dealing with the intricacies of park resource management by the 1930s. Sequoia
National Park, under the direction of park superintendent John R. White, was one of
the first parks to face issues associated with the collective effects of development
and visitation on the park ecosystems. The federal government established Kings
Canyon National Park as a separate park from Sequoia, but for the bulk of its
history, it has been administered jointly.
Originally the park services were split into three divisions: administration,
maintenance, and rangers. Rangers were trained how to do just about everything;
their responsibilities were very general. Then in the later half of the 20th century
the park service began refining the ranger division by pulling off groups of people
with increasingly specialized and professionalized skills into separate divisions.
Interpretation and resource management were two such divisions spun off from the
ranger division. It was not until 1976 that work functions drawn from throughout the
park’s administration were consolidated to officially establish the Division of
Natural Resources Management, including the Branch of Forestry and Vegetation
Management.
In 1926, the major fire that broke out in Glacier National Park inspired the park
service to create a forestry office, which was “the first formal organizational
designation specifically for natural resource management” (Sellars 1997, 83). Given
that Sequoia National Park was created to protect a species of trees, forestry has
been an important aspect of park operations. The primary functions of the Forestry
and Vegetation Management Branch are supervising tree crews in cutting down hazard
trees, coordinating timber sales, managing forest health projects, such as the
attempted eradication of dwarf mistletoe and white pine blister rust, supervising
soil and moisture crews in the preservation of meadows and the management of
grazing, coordinating crews in the construction and maintenance of fences, and
supporting revegetation and restoration projects.
The records amassed here were collected by Thomas E. Warner. Tom Warner has worked as
the Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Park forester since the late 1970s. The
forestry program has waxed and waned over the years, and with it, Tom Warner’s
responsibilities have fluctuated. The Forestry Division has continued to grow since
the first park forester was hired, but the principle responsibilities have remained
mostly intact.
Major projects included in this collection are the restoration of Giant Forest,
hazard tree mitigation, and forest health projects, such as dwarf mistletoe and
white pine bister rust.
Scope and Content of Collection
Overall, the collection is organized by various operational groups within the
Forestry and Vegetation Management Branch and individual files contain a full range
of record types. Such record types include: correspondence, reports, planning
documents, proposals, evaluations, contracts, guides, manuals, field data, surveys,
accomplishments, expenditures, photographs, negatives, and slides. Important topics
contained within this collection are the restoration of Giant Forest, hazard tree
mitigation, and forest health projects, such as dwarf mistletoe and white pine
blister rust.
Arrangement
Organized into VII Series: Series I Branch Wide Correspondence and Reports; Series II
Vegetation Management; Series III Hazard Tree Mitigation; Series IV Forest Health;
Series V Timber Sales; Series VI Meadow Preservation; and Series VII Photographs,
Negatives, Slides and Aerial Photos.
Indexing Terms
The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the
library's online public access catalog.
Sequoia National Park (Calif.). Branch of Forestry and Vegetation Management
Vegetation management
Forestry management
Timber sales
Related Material
Central Files 1935 - 2001
Additional collection guides
Series I
Branch Wide Correspondence and Reports
1950-2002
1987-1995
Series Scope and Content Summary
The series consists of correspondence and reports pertaining to all functions
of the Forestry and Vegetation Management Branch. These files could not be
separated out into more specific series because they address too many
disparate activities of the Forestry and Vegetation Management Branch.
Arrangement
The series is organized into two subseries: Subseries A, Correspondence; and
Subseries B, Plans and Reports.
Subseries A
Correspondence
1984-2002
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries consists of correspondence addressing all aspects of the
Forestry and Vegetation Management Branch. The last two files contain
Tom Warner’s phone logs.
Arrangement
The subseries is separated into two sections: correspondence and phone
logs. Each category is arranged chronologically.
Subseries B
Plans and Reports
1950-2001
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries consists of annual forestry reports, evaluations,
accomplishment reports, and project plans.
Arrangement
Chronological.
Series II
Vegetation Management
1963-2003
1968-2002
Series Scope and Content Summary
One of the Forestry Branch’s principle functions was to undertake ecological
restoration. From 1947 – 1972 there was a revolutionary change in priorities
of management in the national parks. Science became the leading voice,
replacing landscape architecture as the new motivator. This both stemmed
from and caused the park’s reappraisal of resource management. The priority
became ecosystem preservation and moved away from visitor use. In Giant
Forest, visitor use was taking a toll on the big trees, causing rapid
deterioration of the delicate sequoia ecosystem. These large resource
threats and issues came into question and heated debates began. Giant Forest
had been a major concession site, with over 400 structures, and many did not
believe that visitors would be satisfied if the concessioners were removed.
Studies of the negative impacts of development and visitor use on vegetation
within national parks date back to the 1920s. Despite these studies,
development within the parks continued. In the 1950s, there were
breakthrough scientific studies done on sequoia trees finding that
buildings, sewage and power lines, roads and human compaction of soil harms
the big trees’ root systems. The only recommendation was to remove the paths
and structures. Superintendent John Davis called a conference in 1960 to
discuss this evidence and decide on the best path forward. They decided that
commercial activity and concessions would be moved to Lodgepole and that
Giant Forest should be allowed to recover. The question of perhaps
relocating all overnight lodging in Giant Forest was again brought up but
undecided. The passing of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) in
1969 by Congress required the evaluation of all major federal actions and
their environmental consequences mitigated. The National Park Service
produced a Development Concept Plan (DCP) for Giant Forest. The DCP called
for significant reductions in the development of Giant Forest. The plan
called for a full removal of all overnight visitor facilities from the
grove. New lodging was to be built at Clover Creek as a substitute.
Implementation of the plan began in the early 1980s. The park forester and
park ecologists were fundamental in the implementation of the long planned
restoration of Giant Forest. Restoring this grove of giant sequoias to as
near its natural state as possible involved the demolition of buildings in
the area, the relocation of concession facilities, and the construction of
new buildings at Clover Creek.
The series consists of broad vegetation management plans and reports, records
pertaining to specific restoration projects within the park, files
concerning vegetation mapping and sensitive plant projects, and a small
section relating to research on Sequoia trees.
Arrangement
The series is organized into four subseries: Subseries A, Plans and Reports;
Subseries B, Restoration Projects; Subseries C, Vegetation Mapping and
Sensitive Plant Projects; and Subseries D, Sequoia Research.
Subseries A
Plans and Reports
1970-1999
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries consists of general vegetation management operations
guides, reports and accomplishments, revegetation plans and programs,
drafts of plans, funding plans, and vegetation workshops. There are also
a few files on the work that the Youth Conservation Corp (YCC)
participated in during the mid 1980s.
Arrangement
Chronological.
Subseries B
Restoration Projects
1968-2003
1987-2002
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries consists of plans, projects, guidelines, data, photography,
correspondence and memoranda corresponding to various specific
restoration projects that took place within Sequoia and Kings Canyon
National Park. The park records cover most comprehensively the
restoration of Giant Forest, due to its high level of significance
within the park. Other project locations include: the Ash Mountain
nursery, Clover Creek, Dorst campground, Generals Highway, and Wuksachi
Village. There are also various invasive species mitigation projects
described in the records.
Arrangement
The subseries begins with two folders of general revegetation management
plans and charts, and then continues with specific projects associated
with different geographic areas of the park arranged
chronologically.
Subseries C
Vegetation Mapping and Sensitive Plant Projects
1968-1990
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries consists of records and correspondence regarding vegetation
type mapping projects throughout the park, records pertaining to the
aerial photography project, which was done specifically to
comprehensively map the park’s vegetation, and files containing
sensitive plant monitoring data. Some of the species monitored are the
Midget Milk-vetch Plant, the Purple Mountain Parsley Plant, the Pine
Foot Plant, the Lupine Plant, etc.
Arrangement
Chronological.
Subseries D
Sequoia Research
1963-1992
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries consists of sequoia tree studies, surveys, evaluations and
correspondence on various topics related to Sequoia trees.
Arrangement
Arranged by record type .
Series III
Hazard Tree Mitigation
1933-2002
1970-2002
Series Scope and Content Summary
The series consists of general hazard tree correspondence and memoranda and
records pertaining to more specific hazard tree mitigation projects. When
trees are identified as hazardous to people or property within the park,
foresters may decide to cut them down depending on the circumstances.
Cutting down trees in a national park may seem to contradict park values, but
in reality it has been a common function of the Forestry and Vegetation
Management Branches of national parks when trees become hazardous to people
and park property. Series III, Hazard Tree Mitigation, documents such
occurrences. Within the Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Park, sequoia
trees are no longer cut down. In 1967, the felling by the park service of a
sequoia tree threatening concession housing in Giant Forest was a major
factor in the movement towards the restoration of Giant Forest and the
relocation of concessions and overnight lodging. Instead of cutting down
sequoias, as happened in 1950 and 1967, now people and property are moved
instead. But in cases of non-Sequoia trees becoming hazardous to people and
park property, they may be monitored or cut down by tree crews.
Of note, there are also related materials within Series 11 of the Central
Files 1935 – 2001 collection. Tom Warner pulled records from the central
files for his purposes as park forester. Some of these files predate Tom
Warner’s work in the park. They have been returned to the central files and
can be found there.
Arrangement
Organized into two subseries: Subseries A, Correspondence and Memoranda; and
Subseries B, Projects.
Subseries A
Correspondence and Memoranda
1933-2002
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The first section of the subseries consists of correspondence, memoranda,
planning documents, reports, field notes, data, reviews and evaluations.
Tom Warner kept all these different forms of records together, typically
separated only by year, not by record type. For this reason, they are
gathered here in the general correspondence and memoranda section of the
hazard tree series. The second section of files contains documents that
define hazard trees. They pertain to the hazard tree rating system,
which describes the characteristics that designate a hazard tree. The
rating system also determines how dangerous these trees might be on a
scale.
Arrangement
The subseries begins with general correspondence and memoranda and
follows with records pertaining to the hazard tree rating system. Both
are arranged chronologically within their own section.
Subseries B
Projects
1962-2002
1970-2002
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries consists of records pertaining to specific hazard tree
mitigation projects throughout Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Park.
The locations of the projects include: Buckeye housing, Cedar Grove,
Dorst campground, Generals Highway, Giant Forest, Grant Grove, and
Mineral King.
Arrangement
Projects are arranged alphabetically by geographic location. The files
about hazard trees located on Generals Highway are organized numerically
by road unit.
Series IV
Forest Health
1929-2005
1949-1992
Series Scope and Content Summary
In 1927, the park service joined the Forest Protection Board (FPB), an
interagency organization that promoted cooperative fire suppression. The FPB
also helped plan the fight of forest diseases and pest infestations. The
Department of Agriculture’s Bureau of Plant Industry had the main task of
supporting the park service in disease control. The early 1930s ushered in
major scientific studies on forest health, primarily on insect control
techniques, such as with the bark beetle, and blister rust control
techniques. White pine blister rust, a non-native fungus, was a primary
concern at the time. The endeavors of these allied organizations led to
widespread control efforts in the 1930s. Programs to eliminate blister rust
based on the results of studies from the early 1930s began in earnest in
1938. Blister rust also lives in the genus of plants called ribes, which
includes one hundred and fifty different species. The primary technique of
blister rust control was to eliminate any species of ribes. These plants are
native and given the large number of species included in this genus, there
were a lot of them within the parks. Efforts to eliminate them were
difficult and time consuming. Eventually the efforts were given up in the
1950s when they proved futile. The primary program to eliminate dwarf
mistletoe infestations occurred in Cedar Grove. This program was primarily a
local initiative. The strategy was to prune trees’ limbs carrying mistletoe.
They attempted to invigorate the vegetation in Cedar Grove by eliminating
this forest pest. The program eventually ceased to be a priority. The year
1941 marked the first major efforts by the park service towards eliminating
forest pests. Foresters used chemical sprays and felled trees infested with
insects, often by peeling the bark and burning them. The park service
primarily focused its efforts on areas important to visitors. It was often a
cooperative mission among all public lands, of which the park service’s
forestry office was more than willing to participate in. The publication of
the Leopold Report in 1963 discontinued the spraying of insecticide in
attempts to eradicate forest pests and diseases. The report raised questions
about the negative consequences of spraying harsh chemicals to the forests’
delicate ecosystems. These consequences could be more harmful to the
management of the national park’s natural resources than the forest diseases
and pests.
Arrangement
The series is organized into four subseries: Subseries A, Program Project
Proposals and Accomplishments; Subseries B, Forest Pest Control; Subseries
C, Blister Rust Control; and Subseries D, Dwarf Mistletoe Control.
The series consists of records documenting issues associated with forest
health. The first subseries includes records relating to all of the forest
health issues. For this reason, they are not separated into separate topics
but organized into their own section of program project proposals and
accomplishments. The second subseries documents forest pest control,
primarily insects that cause damage to native plants within the park. The
third subseries documents the control of white pine blister rust outbreaks.
The final subseries includes records regarding the management of dwarf
mistletoe infestations.
Subseries A
Program Project Proposals and Accomplishments
1959-1991
1959-1984
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries contains materials regarding major forest health concerns,
such as issues with forest pests, white pine blister rust, and dwarf
mistletoe. The materials included are program project proposals,
accomplishments, expenditures, summaries, pesticide use reports, funding
reports, and correspondence. The folders address multiple forest health
issues and thus are not separated into respective categories like the
rest of Series IV.
Arrangement
Chronological.
Subseries B
Forest Pest Control
1929-1998
1970-1998
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries consists of three main sections. The first section contains
correspondence, programs, reports, proposals, data, inventories,
bulletins, and a few publications documenting forest pest control. The
second section contains reports, updates, correspondence, and articles
regarding bark beetle, gypsy moth, and tussock moth infestations. And
finally there is a section of field data. This includes scouting data
sheets and maps from Cedar Grove, the Devil’s Postpile National
Monument, Generals Highway, Giant Forest, Grant Grove, and
Lodgepole.
Arrangement
The subseries is organized into three sections: correspondence, insect
pests and field data. The first is arranged chronologically. The second
section is arranged alphabetically by pest. The final section of field
data is arranged alphabetically by geographic location.
Series C
Blister Rust Control
1937-2005
1949-1977
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries contains two sections. The first section, of only 6
folders, contains blister rust control and maintenance training aids,
handbooks, articles, and leaflets. The second section contains blister
rust control annual statistical summaries, project plans and proposals,
scouting contracts, reports, accomplishments, expenditures, infection
center maps, correspondence, field notebooks, surveys, and field notes.
The second section has a run of folders titled “Blister Rust Control,”
followed by a 3-part number. These are treated differently in their
arrangement because in their case the 3-part number representing
location is what distinguishes them, not their date. This 3-part number
indicates their location: township, range, and section. This Public Land
Survey System was the geographic system that predated longitude and
latitude.
Arrangement
The subseries is organized into two sections: manuals and reference and
field data and reports. The manuals and reference materials (6 folders)
are arranged chronologically. The field data and reports are primarily
arranged chronologically. The only exception is the large section of
folders titled “Blister Rust Control,” followed by a 3-part number.
These folders are from around the same years and are instead arranged by
the 3-part number. The rest are arranged chronologically.
Subseries D
Dwarf Mistletoe Control
1930-2002
1981-1992
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries documents the projects attempting to control dwarf
mistletoe outbreaks throughout Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Park.
The types of materials included are studies, memos, project proposals,
symposium proceedings, data sheets, surveys, rating systems, reports,
evaluations, summary reports, field maps, slides, photo logs, plans,
management programs, guidelines, correspondence, field notes, and
funding requests.
Arrangement
Chronological.
Series V
Timber Sales
1976-2002
1984-2002
Series Scope and Content Summary
The series consists of records regarding timber sales within the park. There
are both general protocols for the sale of timber and documentation of
specific timber sale projects.
Before the establishment of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Park, logging
often took place, as the area was seen as a bountiful place to harvest
lumber. Nowadays, it is not normal practice for the park to sell its timber.
Only under certain circumstances does the timber from the park become
available for sale. Commercial logging has never been allowed within the
park because it causes harm to the forest’s health and composition, and goes
against the park’s purpose. Even trees that are removed for safety are not
sold, simply because the sheer amount of trees deemed hazard trees is not
enough to warrant a contractor. Only under extreme circumstances during the
park’s history has it been necessary to enter a contract, such as the
devastating tussock moth outbreaks or large restoration efforts.
Arrangement
Organized into two subseries: Subseries A, General Protocols; and Subseries
B, Projects.
Subseries A
General Protocols
1982-2001
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries consists of timber appraisal handbooks, guidelines, photo
logs, harvesting plans, hazard surveillance, government property sales,
field notes, correspondence, and floppy disks. These general records
relate to all aspects of timber sales within the park; they do not focus
on specific projects.
Arrangement
Arranged chronologically. The only exception being the three folders at
the front, which are not strictly in chronological order. They are kept
together because they are sections of a 3-part handbook.
Subseries B
Projects
1979-2002
1984-2002
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries consists of more specific timber sale projects. The record
types include: contracts, field notes, surveys, appraisal reports, data,
proposals, predevelopment monitoring, correspondence, slash burn
monitoring, summaries, sale area maps, observations, memoranda, and
studies. The projects referenced in these records are Cedar Grove,
Clover Creek, Dorst Creek campground, Grant Grove, and Wuksachi.
Arrangement
Chronological.
Series VI
Meadow Preservation
1948-1991
1967-1989
Series Scope and Content Summary
The series consists of general correspondence and records specific to
particular projects associated with meadow preservation. These records
document use that may have affected meadow preservation, and most
importantly, the park service’s efforts towards the continued preservation
of meadows within Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Park. The documentation
of soil and moisture control, snow surveys, forestry and range conservation,
and fences and gates, play important roles in the continued preservation of
meadows.
The park’s meadows are an important natural resource and this collection
contains a substantial amount of material documenting both the use of these
meadows as well as their continued preservation. Soil and moisture control
was a backcountry program that attempted to correct trail erosion and
protect the park’s meadows. One technique to preserve meadows was cutting
down pine saplings encroaching on the meadows. An important factor regarding
the use of meadows was the prevalence of livestock grazing within the parks.
Livestock grazing of the area that would later become Sequoia and Kings
Canyon National Park began in the 1850s and 1860s. For a substantial amount
of time grazing of livestock was allowed, even after its establishment as a
national park in support of concessioner’s activities, or in the case of
Kings Canyon, the grandfathering of previous forest service area permits for
a limited number of years. The Organic Act authorized livestock grazing, but
Secretary Lane’s policy letter defined more specific regulations. The policy
letter declared that sheep would not be allowed to graze in the parks and
cattle were only allowed to graze in areas not typically visited by the
public. The park service’s management of meadows began as a result of Lowell
Sumner, a biologist, joining the park staff and evidence of swiftly
increasing use of the park’s backcountry. Sumner conducted investigations of
the effects of livestock grazing on the backcountry and recommended that
some areas be closed to stock use. Records of fences built to keep livestock
out of certain areas within the park are also important to the preservation
of meadows. Livestock grazing ended in the early 1960s.
Arrangement
Organized into two subseries: Subseries A, General Correspondence; and
Subseries B, Projects.
Subseries A
General Correspondence
1954-1983
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries consists of general correspondence, reports, and photos
regarding meadow preservation.
Arrangement
Chronological.
Subseries B
Projects
1948-1991
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries consists of materials regarding specific meadow
preservation projects. The types of records included are: photos,
outlines, annotated maps, fence and gate specifications, project notes,
work records, diagrams, descriptions, funding documentation,
accomplishments, and memoranda.
Arrangement
Chronological.
Series VII
Photographs, Negatives, Slides, and Aerial Photos
1897-1997
1963-1988
Series Scope and Content Summary
The series contains most of the visual documentation of the functions and
activities of the Forestry and Vegetation Management Branch. Many of the
slides, photographs, and negatives have been funneled out of their
respective series placed into their own subseries within Series VII. Some of
the visual material has been dated and titled, but most of it is
unlabeled.
Arrangement
The series is comprised of subseries that parallels the organization of the
entire collection, with two additional subjects at the end. It is organized
into seven subseries: Subseries A, Vegetation Management; Subseries B,
Hazard Tree Mitigation; Subseries C, Forest Health; Subseries D, Timber
Sales; Subseries E, Meadow Preservation; Subseries F, Camera Points; and
Subseries G, Aerial photos.
Subseries A
Vegetation Management
1965-1986
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries contains imagery that focuses on vegetation and
revegetation projects. Subjects include: prescribed burns, revegetation
sites, and general forestry. The media of the subseries includes
negatives, photographs, and slides. Field notes for the meadow and well
study are also included in the subseries.
Arrangement
Chronological.
Subseries B
Hazard Tree Mitigation
1964-1997
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
This subseries contains imagery that focuses on hazard trees: including
the identification, removal, and the impacts of the trees’ removal. The
subseries consists of photographs, negatives, and numerous packets of
slides. Other topics present are photographs of specific areas and
projects: such as visuals of tree safety, hazard mitigation, and program
strategies.
Arrangement
Chronological.
Subseries C
Forest Health
1953-1988
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
The subseries contains imagery that pertains to research on forest health
projects that were taking place during the time. The subseries is
comprised of packets of photographs and negatives—many with dates and
locations.
Arrangement
Organization is project based: with images from the dwarf mistletoe
mitigation projects, followed by forest pest control projects, and
ending with slides from the blister rust control programs.
Subseries D
Timber Sales
no date
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
This subseries is comprised of a single un-dated file that holds one
movie. It is a VHS of the Grant Grove timber sale.
Subseries E
Meadow Preservation
1956-1973
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
This subseries contains imagery of research that focused on soil and
moisture. The subseries contains mostly photos and slides. Many of the
images have locations and dates.
Arrangement
Chronological.
Subseries F
Camera Points
1897-1979
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
This subseries contains permanent camera points, volumes one through
three, of Cedar Grove in 1967. The focus is on the landscape and flora,
and their change over time. In addition, one of the folders contains
images from Dr. Hartesveldt’s south study.
Arrangement
The subseries starts with folders that are more descriptive and leads to
general Cedar Grove camera points organized by volume.
Subseries G
Aerial Photos
no date
Subseries Scope and Content Summary
This subseries contains three rolls of aerial photographs. Each reel has
been labeled with a location. The rolls have been placed in enclosures
designed to keep them safe. Locations include: Inyo Forest areas, south
of Hume Lake District, and Inyo National Forest.
