Conditions Governing Access
Immediate Source of Acquisition
Biographical / Historical
Preferred Citation
Scope and Contents
Publication Rights
Language of Material:
English
Contributing Institution:
Department of Special Collections and University Archives
Title: Walter R. Miles research concerning Eadweard Muybridge
Identifier/Call Number: M0736
Physical Description:
5 Linear Feet
Date (inclusive): 1928-1932
Abstract: Miles' correspondence about Muybridge, material about the Semi-Centenial Celebration and the invention of moving pictures,
ephemera and published articles about Muybridge, and photographs and negatives including those used by Miles in his articles
and publications about Muybridge.
Conditions Governing Access
Open for research. Note that material must be requested at least 36 hours in advance of intended use.
Immediate Source of Acquisition
Gift of the University of Akron, 1995.
Biographical / Historical
Walter Miles, a professor of experimental psychology at Stanford University, endeavored to memorialize photographer Eadweard
Muybridge's work by establishing a permanent exhibit at the Stanford Museum and by hosting a 50th anniversary event.
Preferred Citation
Walter R. Miles Research concerning Eadweard Muybridge. M0736. Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford Libraries, Stanford,
Calif.
Scope and Contents
The Walter Miles Collection centers around the Semi-Centennial Celebration held during the year 1929 in honor of Eadweard
Muybridge's work completed at Stanford University from 1877-1878. Muybridge was a pioneer in photographic technique, and his
work with animals in motion at the Palo Alto Stock Farm, later part of the campus of Stanford University, led directly to
the development of motion pictures, a monumental advancement in photographic history. Walter Miles, a professor of experimental
psychology, endeavored to memorialize Muybridge's work by establishing a permanent exhibit at the Stanford Museum and correspondingly
hosting a 50th anniversary event, or the Semi-Centennial Celebration.
Miles set out to collect any material that related to Muybridge's time spent at Stanford, i.e. photographs, letters, notes,
personal memoranda, etc. His correspondence, and the responses he received, represent the bulk of this collection. This correspondence
is important because of the many discrepancies about the credit given to Muybridge for his work done in the development of
the motion picture technique. The basis of the dispute arose from a fraudulently patented camera device (patented by Muybridge)
which made consecutive instantaneous exposures on film.
John D. Isaacs, a mechanical engineer working for the Southern Pacific Railroad, developed the mechanical devices to enable
such consecutive exposures to be made; however, Muybridge was the one to patent the instrument. The correspondence from John
D. Isaacs and his daughter, Lillian Isaacs Morris, center upon this dispute. Another problematic issue revealed in this collection
is the publication of the book The Horse in Motion. Muybridge, who was instrumental in the technique of photographing animals
in motion, in particular Leland Stanford's horses, was omitted from the title page of The Horse in Motion, authored by J.
D. B. Stillman. Muybridge was deeply offended by this ommission and proceeded to file suit against Leland Stanford and the
publisher of the book, James R. Osgood and Company. Correspondence regarding this lawsuit, between Stanford and Stillman,
and the depositions of this lawsuit, appear in this collection. (An in depth treatment of Muybridge's involvement with Leland
Stanford, his work completed at the Palo Alto Stock Farm, and the eventual legal battles between Muybridge and Stanford, can
be found in the book
Leland Stanford by George T. Clark [Stanford University Press, 1931], chapter entitled "Animal Locomotion and Muybridge.")
Of Muybridge's personal history, Miles received an account of Muybridge's murder of Major Harry Larkyn from Johnston Johnston
Attorneys at Law. In one letter of correspondence, dated December 30th, 1927, H. L. Johnston and L. E. Johnston go into lengthy
detail about the cause of the murder and the subsequent release of the 1st degree murder charges against Muybridge due to
the brilliant oratory display by his lawyer, Pendegast. Regarding the actual Semi-Centennial event, the inclusion of The Academy
of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences was considered to be crucial in the ceremony. This organization owed its existence to
Muybridge for his work in motion pictures, and among the individuals present at the Semi-Centennial Celebration was Louis
B. Mayer, motion-picture studio executive. Photographs of Louis B. Mayer attending the ceremony can be found within this collection.
Related also to The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences is Miles' correspondence with such figures as Lester Cowan
and Frank Woods.
Besides correspondence, this collection contains many of the published articles and ephemera that Miles received concerning
photographic technique and Muybridge's history. Among such ephemera is Muybridge's patent established June 27th, 1878 entitiled:
"Improvement in the Method and Apparatus for Photographing Objects in Motion." Included also are Miles' notes, speeches to
be given at the Semi-Centennial Celebration, and various newspaper articles and bulletins. Photographs and negatives represent
a large part of this collection. Many of the photographs and negatives, such as the horse in motion, Muybridge, the Stanford-Muybridge
motion picture studio at Palo Alto Stock Farm, and a series of portraits of various personages involved in the Stanford-Muybridge
history, were used by Miles in his articles and publications. The portraits he used included such figures as Eadweard Muybridge,
J. B. Stillman, and John D. Isaacs. Of distinct nature in this collection is one box of 18 nitrate negatives, one box of 32
glass positives, and one box of 9 photographic half-tone printing blocks. The negatives are fragile, and must be handled with
care.
Publication Rights
While Special Collections is the owner of the physical and digital items, permission to examine collection materials is not
an authorization to publish. These materials are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study. Any transmission
or reproduction beyond that allowed by fair use requires permission from the owners of rights, heir(s) or assigns.
Subjects and Indexing Terms
Motion pictures -- History.
Photography -- History.
Science -- History.
Photographers.
Stanford, Leland
Muybridge, Eadweard, 1830-1904
Cowan, Lester.
Isaacs, John D.
Mayer, Louis B. (Louis Burt), 1885-1957
Woods, Frank E.
Stillman, J.D.B. (Jacob Davis Babcock), 1819-1888