Lansdale (Edward G.) papers

box 114, folder 1

29 prints depicting South Vietnamese military engaged in training and operations circa 1960

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IH.

box 114, folder 2

1 print of paratroopers undated

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope II.

box 114, folder 3

3 prints (with 1 duplicate) depicting Lansdale, Lieutenant Rufus Phillips, Colonel Jose Banzon, President Ngo Dinh Diem, and Colonel Duong Van Duc discussing psychological warfare 1954

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IJ.

box 115, folder 39

Lansdale, Lieutenant Rufus Phillips, Colonel Jose Banzon, President Ngo Dinh Diem, and Colonel Duong Van Duc discussing psychological warfare negatives 1954

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IJ

box 114, folder 4

Lansdale, Lieutenant Rufus Phillips, Colonel Jose Banzon, President Ngo Dinh Diem, and Colonel Duong Van Duc discussing psychological warfare 1954

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IK.

box 115, folder 40

Lansdale, Lieutenant Rufus Phillips, Colonel Jose Banzon, President Ngo Dinh Diem, and Colonel Duong Van Duc discussing psychological warfare negatives 1954

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IK.

box 114, folder 5

1 print of W. T. T. Ward, Thailand 1964

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IL.

box 114, folder 6

17 prints (with 7 duplicates) of a reception honoring Colonel Alexander Karl Gerhard Wessel, Ministry of Defense, Federal Republic of Germany 1958 April 21

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IM.

box 114, folder 7

Reception honoring Colonel Alexander Karl Gerhard Wessel, Ministry of Defense, Federal Republic of Germany 1958 April 21

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IN.

box 114, folder 8

1 print of Major General Samuel V. Wilson receiving promotion 1973 July 17

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IO.

box 119, folder 1-4

1 album containing 33 prints depicting Lansdale's experiences during World War II undated

Scope and Contents

Formerly Album fIP.

box 114, folder 9

25 prints of Edward and Pat Lansdale with friends and family circa 1913-1980

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IQ.

box 114, folder 10

2 prints of Ngo Dinh Diem and Raymond DeJaegher; 8 prints of Lansdale and Vietnamese officials, including Nguyen Cao Ky and Nguyen Duc Thang; 4 prints of Vietnamese village projects; 2 prints of Vietnamese military troops in action 1954-1955 1967

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IR.

box 115, folder 41

Ngo Dinh Diem and Raymond DeJaegher; Lansdale and Vietnamese officials, including Nguyen Cao Ky and Nguyen Duc Thang; Vietnamese village projects; Vietnamese military troops in action negatives 1954-1955 1967

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IR.

box 114, folder 11

1 print (with 1 duplicate) of Lansdale in the Philippines; 2 prints of Lansdale being sworn into the military; 6 prints of Lansdale with colleagues at official and social functions; 4 prints of Corregidor undated 1947 1961-1963

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IS.

box 115, folder 42

1 negative of George Marshall; 1 negative of Frank Pace, Jr. undated

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IT.

box 122, envelope 1-14

138 prints (175 duplicates) of General O'Daniel's trip to Indochina 1953

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IU.

box 122, envelope 15-23

Prints of General O'Daniel's trip to Indochina, continued 1953

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IV.

box 122, folder 27

List of photographs of General O'Daniel's trip to Indochina, continued 1953

Scope and Contents

Formerly part of Envelope IV.

box 122, envelope 24-26

Prints of General O'Daniel's trip to Indochina, continued 1953

Scope and Contents

Formerly Envelope IW.

Sound Recordings 1951-1975

Access

Original audiovisual materials are not available until they have been reformatted. If interested in accessing these materials, please contact us for more information.

box 103

Paper materials related to sound recordings

Scope and Contents note

Correspondence and miscellany relating to Lansdale's collection of music from Vietnam.

Senior Liaison Office staff and friends 1965-1975

Scope and Contents note

While in Saigon, General Lansdale and other members of the Senior Liaison Office (SLO) staff invited Vietnamese and American musicians to record at 194 Cong Ly, where the staff was quartered. Some members of the SLO staff were themselves musicians. Ambassador Lodge and Premier Nguyen Kao Ky are heard from time to time, as are other government and military figures. Frequently recorded individuals include Vietnamese composer Pham Duy, American folksinger Steve Addis, USAID Provincial Operations Director Colonel Sam Wilson, SLO volunteer Bernie Yoh, southern province advisor Captain Hershel Gober, and career Foreign Service officer Jim Bullington.

Colonel Sam Wilson was a close friend of General Lansdale's and had been on Lansdale's Special Operations staff at the Pentagon. Later, he became a Lieutenant General in the U.S. Army, after serving as U.S. Military Attache in Moscow, director of the Military Intelligence Agency, and Deputy Director of the CIA.

Bernie Yoh was an unpaid volunteer with the SLO. Yoh was Chinese and a close friend of Archbishop Yu-peng. He had run the Shanghai "net" for Americans in World War II and was introduced to Lansdale by Ngo Dinh Diem in 1955. While in his teens, Yoh conducted the Shanghai Philharmonic Orchestra.

Captain Hershel Gober was an infantry adviser in Rach Gia, on the Gulf of Siam, on the southern coast of Vietnam. He had served in Germany under Colonel Sam Karrick. Colonel Karrick had served on Lansdale's staff at TRIM (MAAG-Vietnam) in 1954 to 1955 and was with the SLO from 1965 to 1967.

Jim Bullington was a Foreign Service Officer, stationed as a Consular officer in Hue. At the time of the first songs, he was an aide to Ambassador Lodge.

A few tapes were recorded after General Lansdale had returned to the United States. The tapes are arranged in approximate chronological order, and English song titles are listed whenever possible.

Tape 1, Vietnam 1965 October 15

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of the "first Senior Liaison Office reunion" at 194 Cong Ly in Saigon. General Lansdale has just arrived in Vietnam. Pham Duy, the Vietnamese songwriter, is unable to attend, but Colonel Sam Wilson, staff member Bernie Yoh, and Ambassador Lodge, among others, are present. The tape begins with a speech and introductory remarks by General Lansdale. Then the group sings, and some individuals perform solos.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012348

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1. "SLO Theme Song," group (English)

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2. "Whiffenpoof Song," Sam Wilson (English)

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3. Theme: "Merrill's Marauders," Sam Wilson (instrumental)

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4. "Oh Cherchonia," Sam Wilson (English and Russian)

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5. "A Personal Friend of Mine," Ambassador Lodge (English, French, German)

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6. "Sheik of Araby," Sam Wilson (English)

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7. Spanish guitar, Sam Wilson (instrumental)

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8. "Who Stole the Jam?," Ambassador Lodge (English)

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9. "SLO Theme Song," group (English)

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10. "Lilacs in the Rain," Sam Wilson and Robert Shaplen (English)

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11. "Waltzing Matilda," Bohannan (English)

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12. "Tie Me Kangaroo Down," Sam Wilson (English)

Tape 2, Vietnam 1965 October 18

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of a party at 194 Cong Ly. Songs are by Colonel Sam Wilson, author Robert Shaplen (personal friend of Lansdale and other SLO members), staff member Bernie Yoh, and others. This tape and tape 3 go together.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012350

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1. Mandolin, Bernie Yoh (instrumental)

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2. "Blue Tail Fly," Sam Wilson (English)

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3. "In the Evening by the Moonlight," Sam Wilson (English)

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4. "Summertime," Sam Wilson (English)

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5. "Bill Bailey," Sam Wilson (English)

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6. "Saigon at Night," Sam Wilson (instrumental)

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7. Flamenco guitar (instrumental)

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8. "Old Gray Goose," Sam Wilson (English)

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9. "I'll Be Glad When You're Dead," Sam Wilson (English)

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10. "Is You Is or Is You Ain't My Baby," Sam Wilson (English)

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11. "Lazy River," Sam Wilson (English)

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12. "The Street of Dreams," Sam Wilson (English)

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13. "I'll Never Smile Again," Sam Wilson (English)

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14. "My Blue Heaven," Sam Wilson (English)

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15. "It's Funny that Way," Sam Wilson (English)

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16. "A Shanty in Old Shantytown," Sam Wilson (English)

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17. "Without a Song," Sam Wilson (English)

Tape 3, Vietnam 1965 October 18

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0000686

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 2 (a recording of a party at 194 Cong Ly).

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1. "I've Got a Crush on You," Sam Wilson (English)

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2. "Moonlight Serenade," Sam Wilson (English)

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3. Guitar, Sam Wilson (instrumental)

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4. "Jack of Diamonds," Sam Wilson (English)

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5. "The Mountain Battery," Sam Wilson (English)

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6. "I Love You the Best of All," Sam Wilson (English)

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7. "Shame on Shame," Sam Wilson (English)

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8. "Long, Long Trail," Sam Wilson (English)

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9. "You Are My Sunshine," Sam Wilson (English)

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10. "Shine on, Harvest Moon," Sam Wilson (English)

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11. "Me and My Gal," Sam Wilson (English)

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12. "Wedding Bells," Sam Wilson (English)

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13. "Cuddle Up a Little Closer," Sam Wilson (English)

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Tape 4, Vietnam 1965 November 25

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0000687

Scope and Contents note

This tape is labelled "General Thang--instructions on RCC songs." Recorded at 194 Cong Ly, it is a discussion among General Thang, General Lansdale, songwriter Pham Duy, and SLO staff members Hank Miller and Bernie Yoh. Pham Duy speaks mostly in French throughout this tape. This was taped following a Thanksgiving dinner at Lansdale's quarters. General Thang, a close friend of Lansdale's and a top minister in Ky's cabinet, was thrilled to meet Pham Duy, whose music he remembered from his childhood. General Thang and Pham Duy, encouraged by General Lansdale, reminisce about the first days of the Viet Minh, and about the troop songs Pham Duy had written during the Viet Minh resistance against the French. (When the Communist control of the Viet Minh was revealed, Pham Duy quit that organization.)

The discussion begins with a comment from General Thang about persuading the people of Vietnam to back the government against the Communists. Soon the discussion turns to music as a way to rally the people. General Thang wants to have one inspiring song for all of Vietnam. The group discusses a song writing contest in order to find such a popular song. Pham Duy then talks (General Thang translates) about the folk music traditions of the different villages, and how difficult it would be to introduce one song. Since the problem seems to be that of restoring the pride and confidence of the people, Pham Duy suggests a program of restoring the old traditional music of each village. The music is the pride of the village; a village will not adopt the music of some other region. He gives an example of one song sung very differently in two different regions.

General Thang complains that the Viet Cong have simple, catchy songs that everyone seems to be singing. He gives one example of such a Viet Cong song, and it turns out to be one of Pham Duy's old Viet Minh songs. Pham Duy discusses the people of Vietnam, who are very tired of war, and the spiritlessness of their current songs. This discussion is continued on tapes 5 and 6. A transcript of these tapes is found in Appendix A .

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Tape 5, Vietnam 1965 November 25

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 4. General Lansdale and General Thang talk about cadre re-training and about rural pacification. The entire group then discusses personalities and cadre training. Pham Duy is part of this discussion. Everyone agrees that music should be included in cadre training.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012351.

Tape 6, Vietnam 1965 November 25

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation of tapes 4 and 5; it contains much of Pham Duy's music, sung for General Thang.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012356

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1. "Soldier's Birthday Song," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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2. "Best Soldier Song," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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3. "Discussion Song," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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4. "Sing With Me," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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5. "VC 'Guerrilla Man,'" Gen. Thang and Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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6. "Fire and Shadow Theme," Bernie Yoh and Pham Duy

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7. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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8. "Departure for Combat," Gen. Thang and Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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9. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy and Bernie Yoh (Vietnamese and English)

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10. "Greensleeves," Bernie Yoh and Pham Duy

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11. "La Quinta," Bernie Yoh and Pham Duy

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12. "Rain on the Leaves," Bernie Yoh and Pham Duy (instrumental)

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13. "Fire and Shadow March," Bernie Yoh and Pham Duy

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14. "Winter for the Fighting Men," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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15. "Carrying Paddy to the Soldiers," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

Tape 7, Vietnam 1965 December 18

Scope and Contents note

This tape is a recording of an "SLO pre-curfew party" in Saigon at 194 Cong Ly. Radio Hanoi had just announced the beginning of "hate Americans" week, and during the same broadcast had threatened to assassinate General Lansdale. The residents of Cong Ly (with their neighbors' permission) gave a loud street party to invite an attack, for which they were prepared.

Several people sing and entertain. One soloist, Sgt. Roger Hopkins, was not known at Cong Ly but wandered into the party after hearing the music as he passed by in his car. Pham Duy announces his songs in English and Vietnamese, and performs them with his group, The Villagers. The recording of this party is continued on tapes 8-10.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012360

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1. Entry song, Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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2. "Fisherman's Song," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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3. North Vietnamese folk song, Miss Gian (Vietnamese)

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4. Phan Rang folk song, Miss Gian (Vietnamese)

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5. Jam session (instrumental, zither and guitars)

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6. "The Fox," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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7. "Blow Ye Winds," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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8. "Town Hall Light," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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9. "Travelin' on," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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10. "John Hardie," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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11. "Greensleeves," Pham Duy and Bernie Yoh

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12. Villagers' theme, Bernie Yoh and Pham Duy

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13. "Hunter's ROTC Is the Name," Johnny San Juan and Hunter's veterans (English)

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14. "Hunter's March," Johnny San Juan and Hunter's veterans (English)

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15. "Guerrilla Kundiman," Johnny San Juan and Hunter's veterans (English)

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16. "Mother Vietnam Tone Poem," Chieu Hoi Singers, Chi Lin, Chu Mai, Lieu Lung (Vietnamese)

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17. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Chieu Hoi Singers (Vietnamese)

Tape 8, Vietnam 1965 December 18

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation of tape 7, the "SLO pre-curfew party." The "Embassy Boys Choir" was a pseudonym for certain CIA personnel who gathered in a little bar (the "Cosmos") behind the American Embassy after work each day. Their songs were parodies born between drinks.

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18. "Summertime," Sam Wilson (English)

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19. "Twelve Days of Christmas," Embassy Boys Choir (English)

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20. "Silent Night," The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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21. "Rose, Rose I Love You" (instrumental)

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22. "China Nights" (instrumental)

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23. "You're My Gambling Life" (instrumental)

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24. "Roving Gambler," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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25. "Streets of Loredo," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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26. "Frere Jacques" (instrumental)

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27. "This Train," Sgt. Roger Hopkins, Pham Duy, Bernie Yoh (English)

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28. Vietnamese zither music

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29. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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30. "Sing With Me," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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31. "Silent Night," Ambassador Lodge and group (English)

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32. "The Wounded Soldier," Pham Duy and Art Juliano (Vietnamese and English)

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33. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy and Art Juliano (Vietnamese and English)

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34. "Sing With Me," Pham Duy and Art Juliano (Vietnamese and English)

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35. "CVT Marching Song," CVT members (English)

Tape 9, Vietnam 1965 December 18

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tapes 7 and 8.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012360

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36. "Sunset," Chi Lin (Vietnamese)

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37. "Vietnamese Love Song," Chieu Hoi Singers (Vietnamese)

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38. "Twelve Days of Christmas," Embassy Boys Choir (English)

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39. "Silent Night," Embassy Boys Choir (English)

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40. "Escape of John Webb," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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41. "Appalachian Song," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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42. "Old King Cole," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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43. "Last Summer," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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44. "Take This Hammer," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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45. "On Top of Old Smokey," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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46. "You Are My Sunshine," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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47. "White Christmas," Filipina woman and Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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48. "Tinikling," Filipinos (instrumental)

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49. "Alcamphor Dance," Filipinos (instrumental)

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50. "Tinikling," group (instrumental)

Tape 10, Vietnam 1965 December 18

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation of tapes 7-9, and the last of this series.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012360

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51. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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52. Viet Minh youth songs, Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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53. "Riverboat," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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54. "Hawaiian War Dance," Bernie Yoh, Pham Duy, Sgt. Roger Hopkins, and others

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55. "Tahitian Rhythm," Dan Ellsberg

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56. "Twist," Sgt. Roger Hopkins

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57. "Darling Corey," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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58. "Indian Dance," Sgt. Roger Hopkins

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59. "Hillbilly," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

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60. Guitars, Sgt. Roger Hopkins and Bernie Yoh

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61. "SLO Spell It Song," group (English)

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62. "SLO, Team Team Team," Sgt. Roger Hopkins and Sam Karrick

Tape 11, Vietnam 1966 July 21

Scope and Contents note

This tape was recorded at 194 Cong Ly. Pham Duy, Steve Addis, and Sam Wilson and his wife, Brenda, all sing.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012373

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1. "Rain on the Leaves," Steve Addis and Pham Duy (Vietnamese and English)

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2. "Rambling Boy," Steve Addis and group with Pham Duy on zither (English)

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3. "Clementine," Steve Addis and Pham Duy (Vietnamese and English)

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4. "Harvest Moon," Sam and Brenda Wilson (English)

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5. "From Out of Nowhere," Sam Wilson (English)

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6. "Dirty Old Town," Steve Addis (English)

Scope and Contents note

The following were recorded at an earlier time, and spliced on to this tape:

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7. "Rain on the Leaves," Mitch Miller and chorus (English)

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8. "Revolutionary Development Cadre Song," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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9. "We Shall Overcome," Pham Duy (Vietnamese); Pham Duy and students (Vietnamese)

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10. "Rain on the Leaves," Sgt. Roger Hopkins (English)

Tape 12, Vietnam 1966 July 29

Scope and Contents note

This tape was recorded at 194 Cong Ly. It is entitiled "Songs by Pham Duy, Steve Addis, and Captain Hershel Gober." It goes with tape 13, which is a continuation.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012372

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1. "Ballad of the Green Beret," Pham Duy (Vietnamese) and Hershel Gober (English)

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2. "Tropic Rain," Hershel Gober (English)

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3. "Proud American," Hershel Gober (English)

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4. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy and Steve Addis (Vietnamese)

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5. "The Wounded Soldier," Steve Addis and Pham Duy (Vietnamese and English)

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6. "Rain on the Leaves," Steve Addis and Pham Duy (Vietnamese and English)

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7. "Dirty Old Town," Steve Addis and Hershel Gober (English)

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8. "500 Miles," Steve Addis and Hershel Gober (English)

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9. "Clementine," Steve Addis, Pham Duy, and Hershel Gober (Vietnamese and English)

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10. "I'm Just a Dog-Faced Soldier," Hershel Gober (English)

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11. "Big Sam," Hershel Gober (English)

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12. "Bulgar Wheat," Hershel Gober (English)

Scope and Contents note

The following was recorded at an earlier time, and spliced on to this tape. It is dedicated by Pham Duy to General Lansdale.

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13. "Fisherman's Song," Pham Duy and friends (Vietnamese)

Tape 13, Vietnam 1966 July 29

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 12.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012372

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1. "Look Over My Shoulder," Hershel Gober (English)

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2. "Portrait of a Man," Hershel Gober (English)

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3. "Saigon Warrior," Hershel Gober (English)

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4. "Advisory Team 1004," Hershel Gober (English)

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5. "The Forgotten Man," Hershel Gober (English)

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6. "Here Am I," Hershel Gober (English)

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7. "I Need You So," Hershel Gober (English)

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8. "Tropic Rain," Hershel Gober (English)

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9. "Proud American," Hershel Gober (English)

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10. "Bulgar Wheat," Hershel Gober (English)

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11. "Dirty Old Town," Hershel Gober and Steve Addis (English)

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12. "500 Miles," Hershel Gober and Steve Addis (English)

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13. "Clementine," Hershel Gober, Pham Duy and Steve Addis (Vietnamese and English)

Tape 14, Vietnam 1966 September 4

Scope and Contents note

This tape contains Vietnamese songs and one Korean song recorded at 194 Cong Ly. Lansdale invited Pham Duy, along with three Vietnamese women (from Pham Duy's band, The Villagers), to record Vietnamese folk songs. They are joined by Steve Addis. Colonel Sam Wilson and Brenda Wilson also perform a few numbers. This recording session is continued on tapes 15 and 16.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012391

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1. "Hat Hoi Trang Ram" (folksong from the North), Pham Duy, The Villagers, and Steve Addis (Vietnamese)

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2. "Planting Rice" (folksong from the Philippines), Pham Duy, The Villagers, and Steve Addis (Vietnamese)

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3. "Arrirang," Vietnamese woman (Korean)

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4. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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5. "It's the Last Thing on My Mind," Steve Addis and Vietnamese woman (English)

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6. "One, Two Buckle My Shoe," Steve Addis (English)

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7. "It's Many a Mile," Steve Addis (English)

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8. "Red River Valley," Steve Addis and Vietnamese woman (English and Vietnamese)

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9. "Sheik of Araby," Sam Wilson (English)

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10. "Lazy River," Sam Wilson (English)

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11. "Jack of Diamonds," Sam Wilson (English)

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12. "Old Bill Bailey," Sam Wilson (English)

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13. "Cuddle Up a Little Closer," Sam Wilson (English)

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14. "Let Me Call You Sweetheart," Sam Wilson (English)

Tape 15, Vietnam 1966 September 4

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation of the recording session begun on tape 14. Now Jim Bullington joins the group. Steve Addis, Pham Duy, and the three women sing again.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012391

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1. "Brave Boys," Jim Bullington (English)

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2. "Tai Shau--If the VC Don't Get Me Tomorrow," Jim Bullington (English)

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3. "Brave Young Co Van My," Jim Bullington (English)

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4. "Way Down Upon the Perfume River," Jim Bullington (English)

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5. "Silent Night" (instrumental - zither)

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6. "Blues on My Ceiling," Steve Addis (English)

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7. "Suc Mai My Bun," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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8. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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9. Vietnamese song (instrumental - zither)

Tape 16, Vietnam 1966 September 4

Scope and Contents note

This is the third tape of the recording session begun on tape 14. Pham Duy talks for a while, and then sings Hershel Gober's song, "Picture of a Man," with the three Vietnamese women.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012391

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1. "Picture of a Man," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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2. "Theme--Cast of Merrill's Marauders," Sam Wilson (English)

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3. Wilson on Saigon (instrumental)

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4. "I'm Funny That Way," Sam Wilson (English)

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5. "Clementine," Pham Duy and The Villagers, Steve Addis, and Brenda Wilson (English and Vietnamese)

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6. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy and Steve Addis (Vietnamese and English)

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7. "The Wounded Soldier" Pham Duy and Steve Addis (Vietnamese and English)

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8. "Here's to You My Rambling Boy," Steve Addis and Brenda Wilson (English)

Tape 17, Vietnam 1966 September 21

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012396

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of an impromptu "happy hour" at 194 Cong Ly. It took place just after the elections for a Constituent Assembly in Vietnam, on which General Thang (with the help of the SLO) had worked to keep the process free and honest. Prime Minister Ky phoned General Lansdale after the returns started to come in, announcing that people felt the elections had been honest, and suggesting a celebration. General Lansdale invited Ky's staff and the SLO staff, as well as Ambassador Lodge, to his place.

Pham Duy speaks in Vietnamese before each of his songs. Hershel Gober, and Pham Duy's group, The Villagers, also sing. This is the first of four tapes (17-20) recorded on this date.

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1. "Advisory Team 54," Hershel Gober (English)

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2. "Hat Hoi Trang Ram," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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3. "Hat Do Due" (love song from the North), Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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4. "Ly Chim Khu Yen" (song of the nightingale), Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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5. "Clementine," Pham Duy, Steve Addis, and The Villagers (Vietnamese and English)

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6. "Planting Rice," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese and Tagalog)

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7. "Arirang" (Korean love song) Pham Duy and The Villagers (Korean)

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8. "Picture of a Man," Pham Duy, Hershel Gober, and The Villagers (Vietnamese and English)

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9. "Birth of a Nation," Hershel Gober (English)

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10. "Bulgar Wheat," Hershel Gober (English)

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11. "Red River Valley," Sam Wilson and The Villagers (Vietnamese and English)

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12. "Suc May Ma Buon," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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13. "Ngheo Ma Khong Ham," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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14. "Nhac Tuoi Xanh" (youth song), Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

Tape 18, Vietnam 1966 September 21

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 17. Ambassador Lodge sings on this tape and Prime Minister Ky comments.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012396

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15. "Dirty Old Town," Hershel Gober (English)

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16. "We Got Us Some Chickens," Hershel Gober (English)

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17. "Look Over My Shoulder," Hershel Gober (English)

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18. "Ballad of the Green Beret," Pham Duy and Hershel Gober (Vietnamese and English)

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19. "I'm Just a Dog-Faced Soldier," Hershel Gober (English)

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20. "Saigon Warrior," Hershel Gober (English)

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21. "Tropic Rain," Hershel Gober (English)

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22. "Proud American," Hershel Gober (English)

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23. "I Need You So," Hershel Gober (English)

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24. "A Personal Friend of Mine," Ambassador Lodge (English, French, German, and "Vietnamese")

Scope and Contents note

At this point, the Prime Minister comments that "only the Viet Cong can understand Ambassador Lodge's Vietnamese."

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25. "Mona Lisa," Lt. Nguyen Kin Dinh

Tape 19, Vietnam 1966 September 21

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tapes 17 and 18. Ambassador Lodge and Prime Minister Ky both sing, as does Colonel Sam Wilson.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012396

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26. "Gui Gio Cho May Ngan Bay," Lt. Nguyen Kin Dinh (Vietnamese)

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27. "Tien Em," Prime Minister Ky and Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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28. "Toi Co Nguoi Em Nho," Prime Minister Ky and Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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29. "Plaisir d'Amour," Ambassador Lodge and The Villagers (English)

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30. "Let Me Call You Sweetheart," Ambassador Lodge and The Villagers (English)

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31. "Up a Lazy River," Sam Wilson (English)

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32. "Bill Bailey," Sam Wilson (English)

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33. "Jack of Diamonds," Sam Wilson (English)

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34. "Street of Dreams," Sam Wilson (English)

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35. "Truckin' on Down," Sam Wilson (English)

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36. "Is You Is or Is You Ain't My Baby," Sam Wilson (English)

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37. "Sheik of Araby," Sam Wilson (English)

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38. "The Man I Love," Ambassador Lodge (English)

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39. "Indian Summer," Sam Wilson (English)

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40. "Talk of the Town," Sam Wilson (English)

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41. "Thuong Tinh Ca," Prime Minister Ky and Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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42. "Souvenir," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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43. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

Tape 20, Vietnam 1966 September 21

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation of tapes 17-19. It is entitled "after party," and is the last of this series. Prime Minister Ky left the party before this tape was recorded.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012396

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44. "Birth of a Nation," Hershel Gober (English)

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45. "Saigon Warrior," Hershel Gober (English)

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46. "I Got a Letter (I'm a Star)," Hershel Gober (English)

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47. "He Wears a Jungle Uniform," Jim Bullington (English)

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48. "Dang Me," Hershel Gober (English)

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49. "Chug-A-Lug," Hershel Gober (English)

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50. Song to the tune of "Did He Ever Return," Hershel Gober (English)

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51. "Walbash Cannonball," group (English)

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52. "In the Heart of Tennessee," group (English)

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53. "In the Evening," group (English)

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54. "You Are My Sunshine," group (English)

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55. "Beautiful Brown Eyes," group (English)

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56. "Roll Me Over in the Clover," group (English)

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57. "She's Funny That Way," Sam Wilson (English)

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58. "You Came to Me from Out of Nowhere," Sam Wilson (English)

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59. Guitar music, Sam Wilson (instrumental)

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60. "Oh Cherchonia," Sam Wilson (English)

Tape 21, Vietnam 1966 September 30

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0000684

Scope and Contents note

This tape is a recording of "Captain Hershel Gober and the Black Patches." The recording was made at 194 Cong Ly. This is the first in a series of three tapes: 21-23. The tape begins with instrumental music, then Captain Hershel Gober and his band are introduced. Gober thanks the "ladies and gentlemen, Mr. Ambassador, our gracious host, General Lansdale," and begins to perform a show which he says will be played for soldiers in the field.

After one number, General Lansdale breaks in to explain who the musicians are and what they're doing. He talks about Hershel Gober, who Lansdale has known since they served together in Germany. Lansdale suggested to General Westmoreland that Gober assemble a band, which would go out and entertain servicemen at far-away outposts that the USO might not reach. Four other musicians were pulled from "all over Vietnam" to assemble the band, which plays on the remainder of this tape.

There is a large audience, evidently including Ambassador Lodge.

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1. Instrumental

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2. "Goodbye Travis Air Force Base," Hershel Gober (English)

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3. "Blue Suede Shoes," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches, Sgt. Marvin Elrod (English)

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4. "Buckaroo," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches, Sgt. Toppings (English)

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5. "I Left My Heart in San Francisco," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches, Dexter Adler (English)

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6. "Bye Bye Happiness," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches (English)

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7. "Comanche," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches, Jimmy Tobias (English)

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8. "Big Bad Bruce," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches, Jimmy Tobias (English)

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9. "Six Clicks," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches (English)

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10. "Saigon Warrior," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches (English)

Tape 22, Vietnam 1966 September 30

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0000684

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 21.

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11. "Tennessee Waltz," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches, Sgts. Elrod and Toppings (English)

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12. Instrumental

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13. "Bill Bailey," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches, Dexter Alder (English)

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14. "Black Patches," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches, Dexter Alder (English)

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15. "Kansas City," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches, Dexter Alder (English)

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16. "Mrs. Miller," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches, Jimmy Tobias (English)

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17. Instrumental

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18. "Mountain Dew," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches (English)

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19. "Look Over My Shoulder," Hershel Gober (English)

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20. "Proud American," Hershel Gober (English)

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21. "Here Am I," Hershel Gober (English)

Tape 23, Vietnam 1966 September 30

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0000683

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tapes 21 and 22. Hershel Gober sings alone on this tape.

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22. "Tropic Rain," Hershel Gober (English)

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23. "Advisory Team 54," Hershel Gober (English)

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24. "I'm Just a Dog-Faced Soldier" (dedicated to General Lansdale), Hershel Gober (English)

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25. "Bulgar Wheat," Hershel Gober (English)

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26. "We Had Us Some Chickens," Hershel Gober (English)

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27. "Black Patches," Hershel Gober and the Black Patches (instrumental)

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28. "Dirty Old Town," Hershel Gober (English)

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29. "You Are My Sunshine," Hershel Gober (English)

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30. "Tom Dooley," Hershel Gober (English)

Tape 24, Vietnam 1966 December 11

Scope and Contents note

This tape is labelled, "Pre-Tet: Christmas, 194 Cong Ly." It is the first in a series of three tapes: 24, 25, and 26. It is evidently a recording of a large gathering, including Hershel Gober, Sam Wilson, Pham Duy, and Pham Duy's group, The Villagers. All sing.

Access

Use copy reference number: 2000c120_a_0012408

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1. "The Battle of Long Khanh (6th Royal Australian Regiment)," Hershel Gober (English)

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2. "Dirty Old Town," Hershel Gober (English)

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3. "Answer to the Green Beret," Hershel Gober (English)

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4. "Planting Rice," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese and Tagalog)

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5. "Picture of a Man," Pham Duy and Hershel Gober (Vietnamese and English)

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6. "The Wounded Soldier," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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7. "Suc May Ma Boun," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

Scope and Contents note

After this song, General Lansdale presents a certificate of appreciation to Hershel Gober. Gober then gives a speech, and General Lansdale reads the citation.

Tape 25, Vietnam 1966 December 11

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 24.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012407

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1. "Six Clicks," Hershel Gober (English)

Scope and Contents note

After this song, Hank Miller "promotes" General Lansdale to the "Office of Regional Deputy Archbastard" in the "Order of the Old Bastard."

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2. "Deep in the Heart of Tennessee," Hershel Gober (English)

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3. "Michael, Row the Boat Ashore," Hershel Gober (English)

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4. "Advisory Team 54," Hershel Gober (English)

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5. "Cadre Song," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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6. "To Sing Often Is Better than to Sing with a Good Voice," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

Scope and Contents note

At this point someone announces that Prime Minister Ky is going to sing.

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7. Vietnamese song, Prime Minister Ky (Vietnamese)

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8. "Silent Night," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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9. "Jingle Bells," Hershel Gober and Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese and English)

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10. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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11. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy, Hershel Gober, and group (English)

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12. "Oh Susannah," group (English and Vietnamese)

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13. "Clementine," Pham Duy and group (English and Vietnamese)

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14. "Hat Hoi Trang Ram," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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15. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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16. "Big Sam," Hershel Gober (English)

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17. "Dirty Old Town," Hershel Gober (English)

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18. "You Are My Sunshine," group (English)

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19. "Let the Rest of the World Go By," Hershel Gober and group (English)

Tape 26, Vietnam 1966 December 11

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tapes 24 and 25.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012407

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1. "My Blue Heaven," group (English)

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2. "Darktown Strutters' Ball" (instrumental)

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3. "Silver Dollar," group (English)

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4. "Red River Valley," Hershel Gober (English)

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5. "Anybody Seen My Gal," group (English)

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6. "Love Letters in the Sand," group (English)

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7. "My Pretty Freulein," Hershel Gober (English)

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8. "Auld Lang Syne," Hershel Gober (English)

Tape 27, Vietnam 1966 December 11

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of a "Salute to Captain Hershel Gober by General Westmorland." General Westmorland speaks, then Hershel Gober sings excerpts of his songs.

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0012417

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1. "Goodbye Travis Air Force Base," Hershel Gober (English)

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2. "The Forgotten Man," Hershel Gober (English)

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3. "Picture Of A Man," Hershel Gober (English)

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4. "Birth Of A Nation," Hershel Gober (English)

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5. "Saigon Warrior," Hershel Gober (English)

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6. "Advisory Team 54," Hershel Gober (English)

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7. "Answer To The Green Beret," Hershel Gober (English)

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8. "Proud American," Hershel Gober (English)

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9. "Six Clicks," Hershel Gober (English)

Tape 28, Vietnam 1966 Fall

Scope and Contents note

This is more of Hershel Gober's music, titled by General Lansdale, "Gober on Departure." Gober left Vietnam in the fall of 1966. In between musical numbers, Gober discusses his experiences in Vietnam.

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1. "Goodbye Travis Air Force Base," Hershel Gober (English)

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2. "Proud American," Hershel Gober (English)

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3. "Saigon Warrior," Hershel Gober (English)

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4. "Here Am I," Hershel Gober (English)

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5. "Picture of a Man," Hershel Gober (English)

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6. "Tropic Rain," Hershel Gober (English)

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7. "Look Over My Shoulder," Hershel Gober (English)

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8. "Six Clicks," Hershel Gober (English)

Tape 29, Vietnam 1966 Fall

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 28.

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1. "The Forgotten Man," Hershel Gober (English)

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2. "Beneath the Willow Tree," Hershel Gober (English)

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3. "Birth of a Nation," Hershel Gober (English)

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4. "Proud American," Hershel Gober (English)

Scope and Contents note

The last half of this tape contains songs by Pham Duy.

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5. "Let's Build a New Life Hamlet," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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6. "To Sing Often Is Better than to Sing with a Good Voice," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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7. "Wearing the Black Costume," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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8. "A Cup of Rice Is a Cup of Sweet and a Cup of Blood," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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Tape 30, Vietnam 1966

Scope and Contents note

This tape and the next one (31) bring together songs by a variety of people, Vietnamese and American, who gathered in General Lansdale's Saigon quarters at 194 Cong Ly. Lansdale and other members of the Senior Liaison Office Staff selected folk songs and, with a narration written by Lansdale and read by Hank Miller (also on the SLO staff), included them in this recorded report entitled, "In the Midst of War."

According to Lansdale, this complilation of songs was made with Washington officials in mind. Copies of the tapes were sent to President Johnson, Vice President Humphrey, Secretary of State Dean Rusk, Secretary of Defense Robert MacNamara, Senator Fulbright, and National Security Advisor Walter Rostow. (Ambassador Lodge and General Westmoreland also received copies.) Lansdale hoped to give the policy makers a "feel" for the people involved in Vietnam, but he received only formal acknowledgements and "had a sneaking feeling" that the policy makers never listened to the contents of the tapes.

Many of the artists heard on other tapes -- Pham Duy, Steve Addis, Hershel Gober, Sam Wilson, and Jim Bullington, among others -- are included in this report. There are Vietnamese and American folk songs and new songs written by servicemen in Vietnam. General Lansdale's friend, the Vietnamese songwriter Pham Duy, appears throughout the tape program. There are 51 songs, including some repeats.

A list of the songs, and a copy of the narrative part of the program, accompanies this register in Appendix B .

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Tape 31, Vietnam 1966

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 30.

Tape 32, Vietnam 1967

Scope and Contents note

This is a tape of a visit to 194 Cong Ly by John Steinbeck. He listens to Pham Duy and Steve Addis, and Steve Addis talks from time to time about Vietnamese music. According to Addis, there are three types of Vietnamese songs: folk, classical, and "heart" songs. Most of Pham Duy's songs are "heart" songs.

This is the first of a series of tapes: 32, 33, and 34.

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1. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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2. "The Wounded Soldier," Pham Duy and Steve Addis (English and Vietnamese)

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3. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy and Steve Addis (English and Vietnamese)

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4. "To Sing Often Is Better than to Sing with a Good Voice," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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5. "A Cup of Rice Is a Cup of Sweet and a Cup of Blood," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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6. "Clementine," Pham Duy and Steve Addis (Vietnamese)

Tape 33, Vietnam 1967

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation of the Steinbeck visit. It begins with Pham Duy talking about American protest songs -- "they only protest against us" and never against the other side. His songs are also protest songs, he says, but against the North Vietnamese.

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1. "On Behalf," Pham Duy (Vietnamese), with Steve Addis giving a translation at the end of each verse

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2. "Suc May Ma Buon," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

Scope and Contents note

Pham Duy, Steve Addis, and General Lansdale talk about the "tone" of Vietnamese songs. Since Vietnamese is a tonal language, its words have almost musical ups and downs. If a word has a rising accent, or a lowering accent, when set to music it would need appropriate rising or lowering tones in the song. Pham Duy comments that Vietnamese songs are usually sad and defeated-sounding. Although the next song has a different, uplifting tone, it nevertheless caught on.

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3. "Youth Song," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

Scope and Contents note

Pham Duy talks about trying to "entertain" a people which has endured 25 years of war. He says that the duty of an artist is to "harmonize" society. It is necessary to leave the city and work in the villages.

General Lansdale reminisces about the 1965 Thanksgiving dinner with General Thang. Thang told Pham Duy to write some new songs, because he hadn't written a good song since 1948 (when "Youth Song" was composed).

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4. "Carrying Rice," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

Scope and Contents note

This is an example of a song to mobilize the people.

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5. "Dirty Old Town," Steve Addis (English)

Scope and Contents note

After this song, Steve Addis discusses Vietnamese music, expecially the music of North Vietnam. Lansdale comments on a poem, written by a Viet Cong who had been killed in a battle; the poem was to his mother. Pham Duy set it to music and it was heard all over South Vietnam. Lansdale felt it was effective counter-propaganda, because it was critical of the Viet Cong.

Steve Addis talks about Hue, which is the "cradle of Vietnamese music." He talks about the night that he and Pham Duy recorded on the Perfume River, in Hue, in a boat. This recording is in this collection (tape # 52).

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Tape 34, Vietnam 1967

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation (and a partial repeat) from tape 33. This is the last tape of the Steinbeck visit.

Tape 35, Vietnam 1967 May 14

Scope and Contents note

This tape was recorded at 194 Cong Ly. It is labelled "Hank Miller Farewell" and is a tape of a gathering of friends, with entertainment provided by Pham Duy and group singing. The recording is continued on tape 36.

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1. Guitar music

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2. Flamenco guitar music

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3. Flamenco guitar music

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4. "Youth Song," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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5. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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6. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy (Vietnamese and English)

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7. "The Wounded Soldier," Pham Duy (Vietnamese and English)

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8. "Clementine," Pham Duy and group (Vietnamese and English)

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9. "Plaisir d'Amour," Pham Duy and group (Vietnamese, French, and English)

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10. "Suc May Ma Buon," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

Tape 36, Vietnam 1967 May 14

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 35.

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1. "To Sing Often Is Better than to Sing with a Good Voice," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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2. "The Enemy Is No Man," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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3. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy and group (Vietnamese)

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4. "The Wounded Soldier," Pham Duy (Vietnamese and English)

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5. Flamenco guitar music

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6. Flamenco guitar music

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7. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

Tape 37, Vietnam 1967 July 27

Scope and Contents note

This is a tape of the wedding reception given by Lansdale after the marriage of Trinh Minh Nhut and Pham Thi Khonh Chi. It was recorded at 194 Cong Ly. Trinh Minh The's widow asked General Lansdale to represent her family at the marriage of her oldest son to General Chi's daughter. All of the men of her family had died. Evidently Trinh Minh The had spoken of General Lansdale as his "brother," so she asked Lansdale to do the honors.

There is an introduction by Cal Mehlert, a career Foreign Service officer who speaks both Vietnamese and English. He joined the SLO in 1967-1968, serving several tours of duty. He also spoke Chinese and served as an interpreter during Nixon's visit to Peking.

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1. "To Sing Often Is Better than to Sing with a Good Voice," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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2. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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3. "Early Morning in the Woods," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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4. Vietnamese song, woman soloist (Vietnamese)

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5. Vietnamese song, two women (Vietnamese)

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6. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy and two women (Vietnamese)

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7. "Suc May Ma Buon," Pham Duy and two women (Vietnamese)

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8. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy and the Villagers (Vietnamese)

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9. "Hat Hoi Trang Ram," two women (Vietnamese)

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10. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy and two women (Vietnamese)

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11. "Clementine," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese and English)

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12. "Red River Valley," two women and The Villagers (Vietnamese and English)

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13. "Hat Hoi Trang Ram," Pham Duy and two women (Vietnamese)

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14. "Fishermen's Song," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

Tape 38, Vietnam 1967 August 22

Scope and Contents note

This is a tape of a gathering at 194 Cong Ly, evidently including Prime Minister Ky and General Thang. It begins with General Lansdale telling a joke. In the background is guitar music and humming ("The Rain on the Leaves"). After a while Pham Duy begins to sing. When the music ends, General Lansdale is heard commenting upon the earlier visit by John Steinbeck. This recording is continued on tape 39.

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1. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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2. "Arirang," Pham Duy (Korean)

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3. "Clementine," Pham Duy (Vietnamese and English)

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4. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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5. "Autumn in Paris," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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6. "On Behalf," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

Tape 39, Vietnam 1967 August 22

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 38.

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1. "Youth Song," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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2. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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3. "The Wounded Soldier," Pham Duy (Vietnamese and English)

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4. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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5. "Suc May Ma Buon," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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6. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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7. "Greensleeves," Pham Duy (Vietnamese and English)

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8. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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9. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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10. "The Wounded Soldier," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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11. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

Tape 40, Vietnam 1967 September 18

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of a "Goodbye to Ambassador and Mrs. Lodge and Ambassador and Mrs. Porter" (Part I). The tape was made at 194 Cong Ly. It is the first in a series of three tapes: 40, 41, and 42.

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1. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy (English and Vietnamese)

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2. "Suc May Ma Buon," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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3. Revolutionary Development song, Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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4. "In the Evening by the Moonlight," Sam Wilson (English)

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5. "On Top of Old Smokey," Ambassadors Lodge and Porter (English)

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6. "Old 97," Ambassadors Lodge and Porter (English)

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7. "Bill Bailey," Sam Wilson (English)

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8. "Jack of Diamonds," Sam Wilson (English)

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9. "Cigarettes and Whiskey," group (English)

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10. "Old Man You Oughter," Sam Wilson (English)

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11. "Little Brown Jug," Sam Wilson (English)

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12. "Summertime," Sam Wilson (English)

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13. "Saigon Nights," Sam Wilson (English)

Tape 41, Vietnam 1967 September 18

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 40.

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1. "Love Letters in the Sand," Sam Wilson (English)

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2. "Invitation to Dance," Sam Wilson (English)

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3. "She's a Personal Friend of Mine," Ambassador Lodge (English, French, German)

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4. "Who Stole the Jam?," Ambassador Lodge (English)

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5. "You Are My Sunshine," Sam Wilson and group (English)

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6. "Clementine," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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7. "Red River Valley," Pham Duy and Sam Wilson (English and Vietnamese)

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8. "In the Evening by the Moonlight," Ambassador Lodge and group (English)

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9. "Sheik of Araby," Sam Wilson and group (English)

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10. "Lazy River," Sam Wilson and Ambassador Lodge (English)

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11. "Oh Sammy," Ambassador Porter (English)

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12. "Ten Pretty Girls," Ambassador Porter (English)

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13. "I'll Be Glad When You're Dead," Ambassador Lodge (English)

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14. "Miss Otis Regrets," Ambassador Lodge (English)

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15. "To Sing Often Is Better than to Sing with a Good Voice," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

Tape 42, Vietnam 1967 September 18

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tapes 40 and 41.

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1. "On Behalf," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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2. "The Lover of the Cambo," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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3. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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4. "Whiffenpoof Song," Sam Wilson (English)

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5. "Oh Cherchonia," Sam Wilson (English and Russian)

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6. "Saloon," Ambassador Lodge (English)

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7. "Mississippi Mud," Ambassador Lodge (English)

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8. "Truckin' on Down," Sam Wilson (English)

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9. "Ain't She Sweet," Ambassadors Lodge and Porter (English)

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10. "Hard Hearted Hannah," Ambassador Lodge (English)

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11. "There Are Blues," Ambassador Lodge (English)

Tape 43, Vietnam 1967 October 25

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of a gathering at 194 Cong Ly. It begins with crowd noise and a Vietnamese speaker, then there is a translation into English. The speaker introduces Nguyen Cao Ky as a "youth leader" and "singer who comes from Hanoi." Ky used to sing with the youths he led in North Vietnam. Pham Duy sings because Ky is too shy. This recording is continued on tape 44.

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1. "Youth Song," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

Scope and Contnets note

A group of singers from Saigon is introduced (their leader is "Mr. Yet").

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2. "To Sing Often Is Better than to Sing with a Good Voice," Saigon group (Vietnamese)

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3. Cadre song, Saigon group (Vietnamese)

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4. Cadre song, Saigon group (Vietnamese)

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5. "Red River Valley," Saigon group (Vietnamese)

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6. "Rain on the Leaves," Saigon group (Vietnamese)

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7. Vietnamese song, Saigon group (Vietnamese)

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8. Vietnamese song, Saigon group (Vietnamese)

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9. "Clementine," Saigon group (Vietnamese)

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10. "Planting Rice," Saigon group (Vietnamese and Tagalog)

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11. "Red River Valley," Saigon group (Vietnamese)

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12. "Oh Susannah," Saigon group (Vietnamese, with English chorus)

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13. "Silent Night," group (English)

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14. "Dinah Blow Your Horn," group (English)

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15. Vietnamese song, Saigon group (Vietnamese)

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16. "We Shall Overcome," Saigon group (Vietnamese and English)

Tape 44, Vietnam 1967 October 25

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 43.

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1. "All My Trials," woman (English)

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2. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy and group (Vietnamese)

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3. "Michael Row the Boat Ashore," Pham Duy and group (English)

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4. "This Land Is Your Land," woman (English)

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5. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy and group (Vietnamese)

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6. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy and group (Vietnamese)

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7. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy and group (English and Vietnamese)

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8. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy and group (Vietnamese)

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9. "The Wounded Soldier," Pham Duy and group (Vietnamese)

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10. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy and group (Vietnamese)

Tape 45, Vietnam 1967 November 1

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0000245_a01

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of a "Vietnamese Youth Choral Group" recorded at 194 Cong Ly. It includes music of two young Vietnamese composers. It was taped at the time of the first national elections held under the new Constitution, which had been written by the Constituent Assembly. Two of the political observers who had come at President Johnson's invitation were staying at General Lansdale's quarters. One of them, Robert Coate, was chairman of the Democratic Party for northern California. The other observer, Bill Connell, was executive officer for Vice President Humphrey. General Lansdale's nephew, Bill Lansdale, happened to be there at the same time (he was just beginning a tour of duty in Vietnam as a seaman in the Navy). The singers were from the Buddhist University in Saigon, who had stopped by to say hello.

The list of participants includes: Trinh Cong Son and Nguyen Duc Quang (composers and singers); Tran Dai Loc (teacher, southern Buddhist); Le Dinh Dieu and Mrs. Dieu (teachers); Do Ngoc Yen (announcer); Pham Phu Minh (teacher, central Vietnam); Phan Van Phung (teacher, Buddhist movement); Do Anh Tai (teacher), and Nguyen Huu Dang (architect).

This recording is continued on tape 46.

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1. "Hat Hoi Trang Ram," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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2. "We Shall Overcome," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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3. "A Long Day in Our Country," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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4. "War Sounds in the Night," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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5. "The Ballad of an Insane Girl," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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6. "The Fortune of My Mother," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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7. "The Wail of the Oxen," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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8. Song about Hanoi, Colonel Dinh (Vietnamese)

Tape 46, Vietnam 1967 November 1

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 45.

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1. "Joining the Army," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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2. "Lansdale," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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3. "Vietnam, the Bridegroom," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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4. "The Dawn," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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5. Song about unification of Vietnam, Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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6. A cadre song, Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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7. A cadre song, Youth Group (Vietnamese)

Scope and Contents note

At this point there is a long discussion concerning the problem of dwelling in the past versus moving ahead to the challenges of the future.

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8. Vietnamese song, Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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9. "Hope Rises Again," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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10. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Youth Group (Vietnamese)

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Tape 47, Vietnam 1968 June 14

Scope and Contents note

This tape is entitled "Vietnamese Farewell Serenade." It was recorded at 194 Cong Ly. The group recorded on tape 45 had come to say goodbye to Lansdale on his last evening in Saigon. According to Lansdale, the group stayed for dinner (cleaning out his refrigerator) and remained past curfew. They were driven home by Admiral Veth, who had also stopped in to say goodbye. As they left, they sang "Goodbye Ed Lansdale," adding the names of the last remaining members of the SLO: "Cal" for Cal Mehlert, "Dave" for Dave Hudson, and "Charlie" for Charlie Sweet.

The songs are all in Vietnamese. Most are performed by a female soloist, accompanied by the group.

Tape 48, Vietnam 196? August 12

Scope and Contents note

This tape was made on August 12, "After VAA Hootenany," at 194 Cong Ly. No year is given, though this tape must have been made either in 1966 or 1967. Two of the participants -- Miss Pham Thai Thanh and Mr. Nghem Phu Phat -- are from a group called the "Nguon Song Group."

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1. "Suc May Ma Buon," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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2. "Ra Khoi" ("Let's Sail to the Ocean"), Miss Pham Thai Thanh Lan (Vietnamese)

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3. "A Guy Is a Guy," Miss Pham Thai Thanh Lan (English)

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4. "I'm Gonna Leave on the Morning Train," Steve Addis (English)

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5. "In Your Hand," Steve Addis and "Arthur" (no last name given) (English)

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6. "It's the Last Thing on My Mind," Steve Addis and Arthur (English)

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7. "Plaisir d'Amour," Pham Duy, Arthur, Jane Pratt (English and French)

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8. Vietnamese song, Jane Pratt (Vietnamese)

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9. "Dirty Old Town," Steve Addis and Arthur (English)

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10. "Greensleeves," Arthur, Steve Addis, and Pham Duy (instrumental)

Tape 49, Vietnam 196? February 11

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of a February 11th "Tet Work Session." No year is given. Pham Duy, Steve Addis, Art Guilliano, Hank Redford, and The Villagers all sing. This is the first in a series of three tapes: 49, 50, and 51.

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1. Flamenco, Hank Redford

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2. "Danz Amoura" (flamenco), Hank Redford

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3. "Rose, Rose I Love You" (zither)

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4. "Vietnam, Vietnam" (zither and guitar)

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5. "Widow's Lament," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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6. Southern folk song, Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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7. "On Behalf," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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8. Flamenco, Hank Redford

Tape 50, Vietnam 196? February 11

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 49.

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9. Flamenco, Hank Redford

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10. "Separation," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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11. "Song of Spring," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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12. "Suc May Ma Buon," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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13. "Many a Mile," Steve Addis and Art Guilliano (English)

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14. "To Sing Often Is Better than to Sing with a Good Voice," Pham Duy and The Villagers (Vietnamese)

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15. Vietnamese song, Miss Pham Lan (Vietnamese)

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16. "The End of the World," Miss Pham Lan (Vietnamese)

Tape 51, Vietnam

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tapes 49 and 50.

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17. "The Wounded Soldier," Art Guilliano, Pham Duy, Steve Addis, and Thao (Vietnamese and English)

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18. "Hang Down Your Head Tom Dooley," Steve Addis and group (English)

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19. "Rambling Boy," Steve Addis and group (English)

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20. Vietnamese work song, Thao and Miss Pham Lan (Vietnamese)

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21. "Children's Song," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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22. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy and group (Vietnamese)

Scope and Contents note

The second half of this tape is a recording of a television or radio show, with Steve Addis and Pham Duy.

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1. "The Wounded Soldier," Pham Duy and Steve Addis (Vietnamese and English)

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2. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy and Steve Addis (Vietnamese and English)

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3. "Children's Song," Pham Duy and Steve Addis (Vietnamese and English)

Tape 52, Vietnam circa 1966-1967

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of Steve Addis and Pham Duy singing while floating on the Perfume River, in Hue (not at 194 Cong Ly). There is no date, but it must have been recorded in 1966 or 1967.

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1. "Rain on the Leaves," Steve Addis (Vietnamese and English)

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2. "Hush Now My Darling," Steve Addis (English)

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3. "Summertime," Steve Addis (English)

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4. "Plaisir d'Amour," Steve Addis (French and English)

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5. Vietnamese song, Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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6. "Widow's Lament," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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7. "Times Are Getting Hard," Steve Addis (English)

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8. Folk song, Steve Addis (English)

Scope and Contents note

The second part of this tape contains songs by Captain Hershel Gober.

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1. "Proud American," Hershel Gober (English)

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2. "Saigon Warrior," Hershel Gober (English)

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3. "Look Over My Shoulder," Hershel Gober (English)

Tape 53, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

This tape has three distinct parts: first, there is Mitch Miller's recorded version of "The Rain on the Leaves." Next are some songs by Pham Duy and Steve Addis, recorded at 194 Cong Ly in Saigon (no date). Finally, there are two songs by a Liberian singer, Sherman Brown.

The songs by Sherman Brown were from Hank Miller, who had come to Vietnam from Liberia. He had been in charge of the Voice of America for Middle Africa. His wife, Anne, wrote the first song, inspired by the flight of Gemini 4. The other song is Sherman Brown's own.

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1. "Rain on the Leaves," Mitch Miller and chorus (English)

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2. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy and Steve Addis (Vietnamese and English)

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3. "Sing with Me," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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4. "Rain on the Leaves," Steve Addis (English)

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5. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy and Steve Addis (English)

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6. "The Wounded Soldier," Steve Addis and friend (English)

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7. "To Have a Wife," Steve Addis and friend (English)

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8. "Poem of a Buddhist Monk," Steve Addis (English)

Scope and Contents note

At this point General Lansdale's voice comes on the tape, in a new recording session at some other time. He says, "Here's a couple of songs that were recorded in Liberia, by a Liberian group that's playing at the ________ hotel in Monrovia. The leader's named Sherman Brown. He's a Liberian, and he's a wonderful musician; he's a writer of songs and he's a singer. The first song is one that was written for the Voice of America, for the flight of Gemini 4. It was written, produced, and performed in 36 hours, and it has a few faults, but it has some ideas in it. The second one, which didn't come out until the recording session for the first one, was one that Sherman Brown had written himself to express the same idea--that people are people the world or the universe around, and the sooner we get together, the better. The second is called 'Fly With Me.'"

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9. "Strolling the Milky Way," Sherman Brown (English)

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10. "Fly with Me," Sherman Brown (English)

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11. "Strolling the Milky Way," Sherman Brown (English)

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12. "Strolling the Milky Way" (instrumental)

Tape 54, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

This is entitled "Songs--Music of Pham Duy. Guitar, Pham Duy; Mandolin, Bernie Yoh." There is no date, but it seems to be an earlier recording, judging from the sound of "Rain on the Leaves" and "The Wounded Soldier."

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1. Mandolin music, Bernie Yoh

Scope and Contents note

At this point, Pham Duy talks about his song, "Rain on the Leaves."

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2. "Rain on the Leaves," Pham Duy (Vietnamese and English)

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3. "Song of a Militiaman," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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4. "The Wounded Soldier," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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5. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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6. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy and Bernie Yoh (instrumental)

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7. "Wai Deo," Pham Duy, accompanied by Bernie Yoh (Vietnamese)

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8. "Theme from the Village that Refused to Die," Bernie Yoh (instrumental)

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9. "Theme from Fire and Shadow," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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10. "Our Enemy Is No Man," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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11. "Vietnam, Vietnam," Pham Duy, accompanied by Bernie Yoh (Vietnamese)

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12. "Our Enemy Is No Man," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

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13. "Our Enemy Is No Man," Pham Duy, accompanied by Bernie Yoh (Vietnamese)

Scope and Contents note

After this music, there is a short recording of Steve Addis and his American partner, Bill Crowfoot. They perform the English version of "Rain on the Leaves," on the Godfrey television show.

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1. "Rain on the Leaves," Steve Addis and Bill Crowfoot (English)

Tape 55, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

This tape was evidently recorded in a nightclub or bar of some sort. It opens with Hershel Gober's band playing "What Kind of Fool Am I?" Then Jim Bullington is persuaded to sing. He explains that he spent some time stationed in Hue (probably 1963-1964), a city in the north of South Vietnam. After he finishes the band comes back, and later a woman does some folk singing.

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1. "What Kind of Fool Am I?" Black Patches (instrumental)

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2. "Brave Boys," Jim Bullington (English)

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3. "Way Down Upon the Perfume River," Jim Bullington (English)

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4. "Tai Shao," Jim Bullington (English)

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Tape 56, United States undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of the "Cosmos Tabernacle Choir." This is the same group of CIA personnel which goes by the name of the "Embassy Boys Choir" on other tapes. The recording was made after the war, at the home of Joseph Baker (a former SLO staff member) in McLean, Virginia. Lansdale had gathered the veterans together in order to record their songs and add them to his collection. The songs date roughly from 1963 (but the recording was, of course, made much later).

This Choir sings mild satire about conditions in Vietnam, and about the coup(s). The songs are parodies sung to familiar tunes such as "The Twelve Days of Christmas" and "The Yellow Rose of Texas." The quality of the recording is not good -- it is difficult to understand the words.

Tape 57, United States undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a tape of Hershel Gober's music. It sounds like a professional recording.

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1. "Forgotten Man," Hershel Gober (English)

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2. "Here Am I," Hershel Gober (English)

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3. "Saigon Warrior," Hershel Gober (English)

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4. "Hello General Westy," Hershel Gober (English)

Tape 58, United States undated

Scope and Contents note

This tape begins with a recorded "letter" to General Lansdale (also recorded on tape 59), from Hershel Gober. Gober also sings the chorus to "Freedom's Gang."

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1. "Freedom's Gang" (chorus), Hershel Gober (English)

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2. "Proud American," Hershel Gober (English)

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3. "I Need You So," Hershel Gober (English)

Scope and Contents note

The rest of the tape is blank.

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Tape 59, United States undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a tape that Hershel Gober sent to General Lansdale, as a sort of letter. He describes what he has been doing, in the U.S., on behalf of the South Vietnamese people. He mentions a couple of T.V. and live shows in which he has spoken about the people of Vietnam. He gives some personal news. While he talks, he strums on his guitar. After a while he sings the chorus from "Freedom's Gang," a song he had written in honor of General Lansdale (who leads the "gang"). The complete song is recorded on tape 60.

Tape 60, United States undated

Scope and Contents note

First on this tape is a recording of someone -- probably Sam Wilson -- strumming on a guitar and humming. Second is a complete recording of Hershel Gober singing his song, "Freedom's Gang," which he wrote upon his departure from Vietnam, in honor of General Lansdale and the Senior Liaison Office Staff in Vietnam. Gober forwarded a printed copy of the words to this song when he sent the tape to Lansdale, and these words are included in Appendix C .

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1. "Freedom's Gang," Hershel Gober (English)

Tape 61, Vietnam 1968 May 7

Scope and Contents note

This tape is a recording of a new song by Pham Duy, written in 1968 (after Lansdale had left Vietnam). Pham Duy recorded this tape and mailed it to General Lansdale, accompanied by a letter and a written translation. These are included in Appendix D .

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1. "One, Two, Three, Let's Enter the Army," Pham Duy (Vietnamese)

Tape 62, United States 1970 April 11

Scope and Contents note

This tape is a recording of both Dolf Droge and Hershel Gober. Dolf Droge was a friend of Lansdale's who had served in Vietnam for USIS during the American advisory period. He had previously served in Poland and in Laos. The recording was made at General Lansdale's home in Wakefield, Virginia. Bernie Yoh is also present. This recording is continued on tapes 63 and 64.

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1. "Vietnamization," Dolf Droge (English)

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2. "Dirty Old Town," Hershel Gober (English)

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3. "Fighting Side of Me," Hershel Gober (English)

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4. "Muskogee," Hershel Gober (English)

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5. "Air Commandos," Dolf Droge (English)

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6. "Frightened Soldiers" (to the tune of "The Green Berets"), Hershel Gober (English)

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7. "Green Grammarians" (to the tune of "The Green Berets"), Dolf Droge (English)

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8. "Your Heart and Your Mind," Dolf Droge (English)

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9. "Picture of a Man," Hershel Gober (English)

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10. "Day's Mighty Long," Dolf Droge (English)

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11. "Advisory Team 54," Hershel Gober (English)

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12. "Rain on the Leaves," Dolf Droge and Hershel Gober (English)

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13. "So Lonesome," Dolf Droge (English)

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14. " Vietnamization," Dolf Droge (English)

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15. "Ho Chi Minh," Dolf Droge (English)

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16. "Freedom Isn't Free," Hershel Gober (English)

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17. "Follow Me" (U.S. Infantry), Hershel Gober (English)

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18. "Big Sam," Hershel Gober (English)

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19. "Land of the Dragon," Dolf Droge (English)

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20. "Proud to Be an American," Hershel Gober (English)

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21. "Born Free," Hershel Gober (English)

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22. "Voices of the Dead," Dolf Droge (English)

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23. "Mu Gia Pass," Dolf Droge (English)

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24. "Poverty Program," Hershel Gober (English)

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25. "Come and See My Poverty," Dolf Droge (English)

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26. "Rain Drops," Dolf Droge and Hershel Gober (English)

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27. "One Day Little Girl," Hershel Gober (English)

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28. Johnny Cash imitation, Hershel Gober (English)

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29. "Honey Come Back," Hershel Gober (English)

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30. Johnny Cash imitation, Hershel Gober (English)

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31. "Next of Kin," Hershel Gober (English)

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32. "Dirty Old Town," Hershel Gober (English)

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33. "Never Hear Nobody Pray," Dolf Droge (English)

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34. "Won't Cut Your Hair," Dolf Droge (English)

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35. "Chieu Hoi," Dolf Droge (English)

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36. "I'm Just a Dog-Faced Soldier," Hershel Gober (English)

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37. "52-B," Dolf Droge (English)

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38. "Christmas in Vietnam," Dolf Droge and Hershel Gober (English)

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39. "Rudolph the Red-Nosed U-2," Dolf Droge (English)

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40. "Nuoc-Mam," Dolf Droge (English)

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41. "I Guess I Didn't Say It Right," Dolf Droge (English)

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42. "Saigon Warrior," Hershel Gober (English)

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43. "Six Clicks," Hershel Gober (English)

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44. "Birth of a Nation," Hershel Gober (English)

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45. "100 Miles," Dolf Droge and group (English)

Tape 63, United States 1970 April 11

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 62. The first eleven songs are the same as numbers 35 through 45 on tape 62. Unlike most of the tapes, this one is recorded on both sides.

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12. (SIDE ONE) "Number Nine," Dolf Droge (English)

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13. (SIDE ONE) "Are You Walking and Talking with the Lord?" Dolf Droge (English)

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14. (SIDE TWO) "Tom Dooley," Dolf Droge (English)

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15. (SIDE TWO) "All I Know Is What I Read in the Paper," Dolf Droge (English)

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16. "Margarina," Dolf Droge (English)

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17. "Way Down in Columbus Georgia," Hershel Gober (English)

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18. "Rotation Blues," Dolf Droge (English)

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19. "Birmingham Jail," Hershel Gober, Dolf Droge, and group (English)

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20. "Rain on the Leaves," Hershel Gober and Dolf Droge (English)

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21. "The Wounded Soldier," Hershel Gober and Dolf Droge (English)

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22. Vietnamese song, Hershel Gober (Vietnamese)

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23. "Spanish Eyes," Hershel Gober (English)

Scope and Contnets note

At the end of this tape General Lansdale is heard saying that Pham Duy will soon be in town.

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Tape 64, United States 1970 April 11

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tapes 62 and 63. The music is truly in the background on this tape, with loud conversation. Only track one, on one-half of side one, is recorded.

Tape 65, United States 1970 June 6

Scope and Contents note

This is a tape of another get-together at Lansdale's home in Wakefield, Virginia. Dolf Droge and Bernie Yoh are there.

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1. "I'm in the Protest Generation (Burn It Down)," Dolf Droge (English)

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2. "Don't Forget the Eagles," Dolf Droge (English)

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3. "If You Live Down in the Delta (Hang on to Your Hearts and Your Minds)," Dolf Droge (English)

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4. "What a Pity, Mao," Dolf Droge (English)

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5. "Wizard of Ooze" (about Everett Dirksen), Dolf Droge (English)

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6. "Que Sera, Sera" (about VSIA training), Dolf Droge (English)

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7. "Night Before Christmas" (for the NSC staff), Dolf Droge (English)

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8. "Nerve Gas," Dolf Droge (English)

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9. "I Know that I'm in Laos," Dolf Droge (English)

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10. "Mao, Nikita's Making Eyes at Me," Dolf Droge (English)

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11. "Six Feet and Rising" (song about Hershel Gober), Dolf Droge (English)

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12. "That Young Harvard Man in the Old Rocking Chair" (about John F. Kennedy), Dolf Droge (English)

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13. "Riders for LBJ," Dolf Droge (English)

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14. "Come See My Poverty," Dolf Droge (English)

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15. "Never Hear Nobody Pray," Dolf Droge (English)

Tape 66, United States 1974 June 29

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of a get-together at General Lansdale's home in Wakefield, Virginia. Those present included Dolf Droge, Bernie Yoh, and Jim Bullington.

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1. "Ballad of the Green Grammarian," Dolf Droge (English)

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2. "The Hawk, the Dove, and the Owl," Dolf Droge (English)

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3. "McNamara's Band," Dolf Droge (English)

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4. "Burned-Out Case Blues (There's Nothing to Do in Ougado)," Dolf Droge (English)

Tape 67, United States 1975 February 6

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of a gathering including Sam Wilson, Jim Bullington, General Lansdale, and families. The occasion is Sam Wilson's birthday. It is continued on tape 68.

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1. "Saigon Warrior," Jim Bullington (English)

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2. "Bury Me Beneath the Weeping Willow," Sam Wilson (English)

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3. "Bill Bailey," Sam Wilson (English)

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4. "Way Down in Columbus Georgia," Jim Bullington and Sam Wilson (English)

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5. "The Old '97," group (English)

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6. "Newsboy of the Town," Jim Bullington (English)

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7. "Country Road," group (English)

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8. "When the Roll Is Called Up Yonder," group (English)

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9. "Without a Song," Sam Wilson (English)

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10. "Only a Shanty in Shanty-Town," Sam Wilson (English)

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11. "We Are Winning, This I Know" (to the tune of "Jesus Loves Me"), Jim Bullington (English)

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12. "In the Sweet Bye and Bye," group (English)

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13. "Summertime," Sam Wilson (English)

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14. "Is You My Baby," Sam Wilson (English)

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Tape 68, United States 1975 February 6

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from 67, containing mostly conversation.

Vietnamese music 1967 undated

Scope and Contents note

These tapes are recorded entirely in Vietnamese. There is a series entitled "Trinh Cong Son" (69-70), a series entitled "Trinh Minh The" (71-78), and a series entitled "Signers [ sic] and Players" (79-87). The last tape in this group (87) contains Viet Cong music.

The "Trinh Minh The" series contains tapes of the Lien Minh, guerrilla troops under Trinh Minh The. General Lansdale first heard the songs of the Lien Minh in 1954-1955. When he returned to Vietnam in 1965, he asked General Van Thanh Cao, who had been Trinh Minh The's deputy, if he could locate any of the songs. Cao gave Lansdale these recordings.

The other two series include songs of the Vung Tao Choir, a cadre group of trainees at the Rural Development camp at Vung Tao. ("Rural Development" was changed to "Revolutionary Development" by the Americans; the work of the RD cadres was commonly known as "pacification.") The cadre songs were militant and similar to Vietcong songs. Pham Duy wrote some strikingly unusual songs for the cadres; most of these were written at Lansdale's Cong Ly quarters.

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Tape 69, Vietnam 1967

Scope and Contents note

"Trinh Cong Son," part 1.

This entire tape is in Vietnamese. It goes with tape 70, which has the same type of material.

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Tape 70, Vietnam 1967

Scope and Contentsnote

"Trinh Cong Son," part 2.

This is a continuation from tape 69.

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Tape 71, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

"Trinh Minh The."

This is the first of a series of tapes (71-78) under the same title, all of which are entirely in Vietnamese (spoken and sung). Part of this series of tapes has a written translation, which is included in Appendix E .

Both sides are recorded.

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Tape 72, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

"Trinh Minh The," reel 2, part 1.

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Tape 73, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

"Trinh Minh The," reel 2, part 2.

The designation "instruments--songs for dancing" is printed on the box.

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Tape 74, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

"Trinh Minh The," reel 5.

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Tape 75, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

"Trinh Minh The," reel 9, side 1, part 1.

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Tape 76, Vietnam undated

General note

"Trinh Minh The," reel 9, side 1, part 2.

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Tape 77, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

"Trinh Minh The," reel 9, side 2, part 1.

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Tape 78, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

"Trinh Minh The," reel 9, side 2, part 2.

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Tape 79, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

"Signers and Players."

This tape belongs with those labelled "Vietnamese music, signers and players" (tapes 79-82), all of which are entirely in Vietnamese. Side one, track one, and side two, track four are recorded.

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Tape 80, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

"Signers and Players."

This is entitled "Vietnam, Vietnam." "Signers and players: Nguyen Thanh Men, Pham Minh De, and Le Thi Hoang."

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Tape 81, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

"Signers and Players."

This is entitled (1) "Nong Thon Quat Khoi" ("Rural Rebirth"), and (2) "Tieng Chieu Hoi" ("The Call of Chieu Hoi"). "Signers and players: Nguyen Thanh Men, Pham Minh De, and Le Thi Hoang."

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Tape 82, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

"Signers and Players."

This is entitled (1) "Loi Nguoi Ben Song" ("The Message from This Side of the River"), and (2) "Anh Ve" ("Your Return"). "Signers and players: Nguyen Thanh Men, Pham Minh De, and Le Thi Hoang."

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Tape 83, Vietnam 1966 September

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0000248_a01

Scope and Contents note

This is entitled "Vietnamese Election Campaign Songs -- National Assembly." It is entirely in Vietnamese.

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Tape 84, Vietnam 1967 March 3

Scope and Contents note

This is entitled "Rural Development." Throughout the tape speaking (by a man or a woman) alternates with singing. The singing is by a group of young people, probably Revolutionary (Rural) Development Cadre youths. They sing a number of songs, including some of Pham Duy's cadre songs. The tape is entirely in Vietnamese.

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Tape 85, Vietnam 1967 August

Scope and Contents note

This is entitled "Vieng Tan Choral Group--RD Cadre Songs." It is designated "From Major Be." In format it is similar to tape 84. The tape is entirely in Vietnamese.

Tape 86, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

This tape is in two parts. First there are four songs by an American singer, Vera Vanderland.

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1. "Freedom Is a Hammer," Vera Vanderland (English)

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2. "Let's Pretend," Vera Vanderland (English)

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3. "Hello World," Vera Vanderland (English)

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4. "The Torch of Freedom," Vera Vanderland (English)

Scope and Contents note

Second on this tape is a recording of unidentified voices in a Vietnamese conversation, followed by weird, electronically-enhanced sounds of gunfire, bombs, and people screaming. General Lansdale has entitled this "JUSPAO Weird Sounds." ("JUSPAO" stands for "Joint U.S. Public Affairs Office," Saigon.)

Next is an unidentified voice saying, "Hi there. Upcoming is a tape; it is a general ________ [Vietnamese word] appeal in Southern Vietnamese dialect. In ten seconds the message will begin." This is followed by music, a woman's voice, and then more music. The entire sequence is repeated, this time "in the Central Vietnamese dialect." Then a voice says, "Hi there. We've got an upcoming tape; it is a warning to the Viet Cong that they will soon be bombed by aircraft, in the Southern Vietnamese dialect. In ten seconds the message will begin." This is followed by music, the message, and more music.

Fourth on this tape is unidentified sounds and conversation which can't be heard. The only sentence sufficiently amplified is, "That was a good one." The sounds might be highly amplified eating noises. General Lansdale has entitled this section of the tape, "Joe Redick eats pi~ons."

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Tape 87, Vietnam undated

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0000214_a01

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of Viet Cong music. A list of the songs (in French) accompanies this tape; this list, and an English translation, is included in Appendix F .

Music by American servicemen undated

Scope and Contents note

These are tapes of music written and performed by individuals and groups who had served (or were at the time serving) in Vietnam. Towards the end of the war Lansdale added these songs to his collection, spending several years collecting them from veterans and friends. Many of the songs were virtually unknown in the United States. The tapes were put together by Hank Miller, who had been in the SLO with Lansdale and later became an official with the Voice of America. The original tapes are at the Library of Congress.

Tape 88, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

This is entitled "Songs of War," a CBS News-Saigon radio program. Ike Pappas (?) is the commentator. He reports that the war in Vietnam was the "singingest war of them all" and plays a number of popular and representative songs written by servicemen in Vietnam.

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1. "Calling on the Kaiser," Harry Langdon (English)

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2. "Good Morning Major," Lt. Mike Stagg (English)

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3. "Army Aviation" (English)

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4. "Jolly Green" (English)

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5. "Ballad of USS St. Francis River" (English)

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6. "Battle for Ia Drang Valley" (English)

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7. "Paper Soldier" (English)

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8. "Tuyen" (English)

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9. "Picture of a Man," Hershel Gober (English)

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10. "All My Trials" (English)

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Tape 89, Air Force songs undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of Air Force songs by amateur composers from World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. After the music there is one very obscene "interview" of a fighter pilot by a "civilian correspondent." The pilot gives profane answers to a series of questions, then a "wing information officer" rephrases these answers. This is a satire of the way news of the war was reported. Finally, there is a recording of communications among fighter pilots on a mission against Viet Cong MIG-21s.

Tape 90, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

This tape is a recording of "Vietnam Fighter Pilot Songs." It is designated "From Morgan Smith."

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1. "F-105" (English)

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2. "Salute to the Eighth Tactical" (English)

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3. "My Daddy" (English)

Tape 91, Vietnam/Korea undated

Scope and Contents note

This tape is entitled "Morgan Smith -- Korean and Vietnam Songs By Fighter Pilots." Many of the songs on this tape are identical to tape 5.

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1. "Oh Halleluja" (English)

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2. "Never Mind" (English)

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3. "Give Me Operations" (English)

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4. "This Is Air Force 801" (English)

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5. Song sung to the tune of "On Top of Old Smokey" (English)

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6. "The Army Air Force Heaven" (English)

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7. "Bless Them All" (English)

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8. Song sung to the tune of "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" (English)

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9. Song sung to the tune of "My Bonnie" (English)

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10. "Barnacle Bill the Pilot" (English)

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11. "There Are No Fighter Pilots Down in Hell" (English)

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12. "I Wanted Wings Till I Got the God- Damned Things" (English)

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13. "I'm a Lousy Co-Pilot and a Long Way From Home" (English)

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14. "Cigarettes, and Sake, and Wild, Wild [Vietnamese word]" (English)

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15. Song sung to the tune of "The Man Who Never Returned" (English)

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16. "Army Makes the World Go 'Round" (English)

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17. Pep talk from an officer

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18. "I've Got Tales I Can Tell, Oh Lord" (English)

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19. Talk about the Wolf Pack battalion -- the singer is reminiscing

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20. "Robin O." (English)

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21. "The Town on the Banks of the River" (English)

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22. "I'm a Son of Satan's Angels" (English)

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23. "I'm a Thud Pilot" (English)

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24. "I Am a Yankee Air Pilot" (English)

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25. "Will the Sun Rise Tomorrow" (English)

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26. "Banana Valley" (English)

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27. "The Phantom and the MIG-21" (English)

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28. "Merry Christmas" (English)

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29. "The Red River Rats" (English)

Scope and Contents note

The sound ends in the middle of the last song. Side two is blank.

Tape 92, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a tape of the "Merrymen," a singing group of men from the 173rd assault helicopter company. The copy is not good.

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1. "Hi Johnny, Hi Johnny," Merrymen (English)

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2. "Silver Wings," Merrymen (English)

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3. "Sky King," Merrymen (English)

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4. "Tuyen," Merrymen (English)

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5. "Serviceman's Ode," Merrymen (English)

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6. "Army Aviation," Merrymen (English)

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7. "Black Iron Cross," Merrymen (English)

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8. "You Are My Sunshine," Merrymen (English)

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9. "Picadilly Square," Merrymen (English)

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10. "Airsick Arvin," Merrymen (English)

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11. "KUZZ Radio," Merrymen (English)

Scope and Contents note

An imaginary Arkansas country and western radio station. The songs are satirical and profane, as are the "commercials" and the "interview from Saigon in Vietnamese."

Tape 93, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

This is another recording of the "Merrymen," labelled "part one."

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1. "I May Not Have a Mansion," Merrymen (English)

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2. "Green Back Dollar," Merrymen (English)

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3. "All My Trials," Merrymen (English)

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4. "Chilly Winds," Merrymen (English)

Tape 94, Vietnam undated

Scope and Contents note

This is labelled "Merrymen, part two."

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1. "Baby, the Rain Must Fall," Merrymen (English)

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2. (no name), Merrymen (English)

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3. "In that Ole Cotton Field Back Home," Merrymen (English)

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4. "In the Land of Odom," Merrymen (English)

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5. "I'm on My Way," Merrymen (English)

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6. "In the Early Morning Rain," Merrymen (English)

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7. "You Are on My Mind," Merrymen (English)

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8. "Kansas City," Merrymen (English)

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9. "Frank and Jesse James," Merrymen (English)

Tape 95 undated

Scope and Contents note

This tape is entitled "Dick Jonas." There is no date. It is a tape of Jonas's country and western music, along with a couple of the "Wolf Pack" numbers heard on an earlier tape (89).

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1. "Angelina," Dick Jonas (English)

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2. "Henry Jones," Dick Jonas (English)

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3. Song about sharecropping, Dick Jonas (English)

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4. "Seven Little Chartreuse Men," Dick Jonas (English)

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5. "Sadie Belle," Dick Jonas (English)

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6. "Seaboard Line," Dick Jonas (English)

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7. "Loving Her Was Easier than Anything I'll Ever Do Again," Dick Jonas (English)

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8. "Houseboy for the Wolf Pack," Dick Jonas (English)

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9. "There's a Fireball Down There on the Hillside," Dick Jonas (English)

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10. "My Daddy Died on Normandy Sand," Dick Jonas (English)

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11. Drum, bass, and recitation about getting a jet ready to take servicemen home

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12. "Like the Sea Meets the Shoreline," Dick Jonas (English)

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13. Religious song, Dick Jonas (English)

Tape 96 undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of Sgt. Barry Sadler (most famous for "The Ballad of the Green Beret) singing twelve of his songs. The entire album is recorded twice on this tape. The second side of the tape is blank.

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1. "The Ballad of the Green Beret," Barry Sadler (English)

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2. "I'm Going Home," Barry Sadler (English)

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3. "Oh Lord, I'm Tired and Sad (Letter Postmarked Vietnam)," Barry Sadler (English)

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4. "Badge of Courage," Barry Sadler (English)

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5. "City on Mekong Shore, Saigon," Barry Sadler (English)

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6. "Nurses of Vietnam," Barry Sadler (English)

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7. "Watching the Rain Drops Fall," Barry Sadler (English)

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8. "Gari-Trooper," Barry Sadler (English)

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9. "Green Sod O'er Me," Barry Sadler (English)

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10. "Come All Ye Maidens (I Must Go Where Brave Men Die)," Barry Sadler (English)

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11. "Ban Moui Ba," Barry Sadler (English)

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12. "I'm Going Home," Barry Sadler (English)

Tape 97 undated

Scope and Contents note

This is entitled "Vietnam: Songs of the Grunt." All songs were written and performed by Bill Ellis (© DeGar Music, ASCAP).

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1. "Grunt," Bill Ellis (English)

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2. "Firefight," Bill Ellis (English)

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3. "Song of the First Cavalry," Bill Ellis (English)

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4. "Freedom Bird," Bill Ellis (English)

Philippines 1951-1974 undated

Scope and Contents note

This is an assortment of tapes from General Lansdale's years in the Philippines, including a recording of a party given for him before he left (tapes 98-99), recordings of Philippine music, and two recordings of the music used by Magsaysay in his campaign for the presidency (tapes 104 and 107).

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Tape 98 1954 January 17

Scope and Contents note

This is a "Despidida for Colonel Lansdale." A group of General (then Colonel) Lansdale's friends gathered at the Manila Overseas Press Club to have a party and say goodbye to him as he was about to leave for other missions. The Mayor of Manilla, Arsenio Laoson, speaks at the beginning of the tape. Ramon Magsaysay (just inaugurated as President of the Philippines) was also present. This recording is continued on tape 99.

This "Despidida" is recorded on track two only. Track one is a program entitled "Christmas with the Children of New York City."

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Tape 99 1954 January 17

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 98. Arsenio Laoson is speaking. Then Colonel Lansdale speaks, very briefly, and says thanks. A friend by the name of Theo Rogers also speaks twice on this tape -- he seems to be having an especially good time. The whole crowd sings "For He's a Jolly Good Fellow." At the end of the tape a voice comes on and lists some "notables" of the 500 people who attended General Lansdale's "Despidida."

General Lansdale recalls that the Evening News ran a spoof edition for the affair, with the banner headlines warning the Pentagon that Lansdale was on his way home.

After the Despidida there remains a portion of the program which was recorded on the tape before it was used for the Despidida.

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Tape 100 undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of Philippine folk songs and dances. All of the music is instrumental. Although there is a list of song titles on the back of the tape box, it is unclear whether or not this is accurate, as there is also a loose sheet of paper in the box which lists a different set of songs.

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Tape 101 undated

Scope and Contents note

This is more music like that on tape 100. Again, there is a list of the song titles, which may or may not be accurate.

Tape 102 undated

Scope and Contents note

This tape is entitled "Pilita -- Philippine love songs, arranged and conducted by D'Amarillo, vocal supervision by Philip Maninang."

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1. "Dahil Sa Iyo"

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2. "Kay Hirap Ng Unibig"

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3. "Carinosa"

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4. "Lahat Ng Araw"

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5. "Hinahanap Kita"

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6. "Sapagka't Kamil'y Tao Lamang"

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7. "Kapantay Ay Langit"

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8. "Irog, Ako Ay Mahalin"

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9. "Rosas Pandan"

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10. "Lahat Ng Oras"

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11. "Sapagka't Ikaw Ay Akin"

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12. "Lihim Na Damdamin"

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Tape 103 undated

Scope and Contents note

This tape contains more Philippine folk songs, like those on tapes 100 and 101.

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Tape 104 undated

Scope and Contents note

This is "Old Philippine records -- Includes Magsaysay Mambo." The first two songs are the Mambo and "Magsaysay March," both of which were political jingles in the Philippines during Magsaysay's election campaign. The songs are in English and Tagalog. The rest of the tape contains more Philippine folk songs, including some choral music.

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Tape 105 undated

Scope and Contents note

This tape contains more Philippine folk music, like tapes 100, 101, and 103.

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Tape 106 undated

Scope and Contents note

This tape is entitled "Harana Ni Ruben Tagalog." It is a recording of a male singer performing what sounds like Philippine popular music.

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Tape 107 circa 1951

Scope and Contents note

This tape is a letter from General Lansdale to his wife, Helen. It was recorded in 1951, and a copy was made in 1953. General Lansdale and his friends sing and give personal news. After the letter, General Lansdale has recorded two Philippine campaign songs: "Magsaysay Mambo" and "Magsaysay March," both in support of Magsaysay. The songs are sung both in English and in Tagalog.

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Tape 108 1974 September

Scope and Contents note

This is a tape of the "Madrigal singers of the University of the Philippines at the Magsaysay Awards." Eight songs are sung; all except for the first one are in Tagalog.

Miscellaneous music 1963 undated

Scope and Contents note

This group includes tapes of the U.S. Army Band (109-110), "Spanish-Latin music" (111-114), and the Mexican Navy Quintet (115).

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Tape 109, United States undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of the U.S. Army Band, W. O. Kinney, conductor. This tape is labelled "part one." There are nine songs recorded; titles are not provided. This recording is continued on tape 110.

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Tape 110, United States undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a continuation from tape 109: U.S. Army Band, part two. Five songs are recorded; the fourth is an instrumental version of "Vietnam, Vietnam," by General Lansdale's friend, the Vietnamese songwriter Pham Duy.

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Tape 111 undated

Scope and Contents note

Spanish-Latin music.

Tapes 111-114 are all "Spanish-Latin music" recordings. They appear to be recordings of music from various Latin American countries. It cannot be determined where or when the tapes were made, but the first one (111) has "April 11, 1963" printed on it.

This tape is entitled "Concierta en la Llanura--musica tipica Venezoland. Los Torrealberos Al Arpa: Juan Vicente Torrealba."

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Tape 112 undated

Scope and Contents note

Spanish-Latin music.

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Tape 113 undated

Scope and Contents note

Spanish-Latin music.

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Tape 114 undated

Scope and Contents note

Spanish-Latin music.

This tape also has the following printed on it: "Music of Bolivia, # 1-12; Music of Paraguay, # 1-12; Music of Guatemala, # 1-6."

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Tape 115, United States 1963 June 10

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of the Mexican Navy Quintet, the "Conjunto de Cuerdas." The group performs eight numbers while on a tour of the United States. [See also: Lansdale papers, OFFICE FILES FROM THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE/Subject file/Mexican Navy Quintet]

Combat 1968 undated

Scope and Contents note

The first of these tapes was recorded during an incident in Saigon near the "Brinks," the principal U.S. officers' compound. The second is a recording of a radio operator attempting to direct some units during the Tet offensive.

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Tape 116, Vietnam/Korea undated

Scope and Contents note

This tape begins with a Voice of America correspondent in Korea (Robert Lasher) broadcasting a special report on parachute jumps. Next on the tape is a recording of the famous Bill Cosby routines, "Noah" and "A Flip of the Coin."

Third on this tape is a recording of an incident on May 10th of an unspecified year. The tape was made by a correspondent who was staying at the Caravelle Hotel in Saigon. Hearing gunshots in the street, the correspondent had rushed out to see what was going on and to record the incident. Across the street from the hotel was the "Brinks," a U.S. officers' compound which had been bombed once by the Viet Cong. It had been rumored that the Viet Cong were about to attack again, and on this particular morning the police and others thought they saw a Viet Cong squad in a car trying to crash into the entrance of the Brinks. The police opened fire in the midst of the morning rush hour. There is the sound of explosions and weapons, and a description by the correspondent of the action taking place. Later, the wounded are carried away and pass near the microphone. The voices of those hurt and the medics caring for them are heard. This incident turned out to be a false alarm: there were no Viet Cong.

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Tape 117, Vietnam 1968 January 1

Scope and Contents note

This is a tape recorded in Saigon during the Tet offensive. The recording begins at 0440 (4:40 a.m.). It was taped by Admiral Veth, who turned on his recorder while listening to the "net" for the troops protecting the U.S. Embassy from the Viet Cong, who had attacked. One individual on the tape provides communication among several different units. He attempts to guide a truck trying to bring in ammunition, directs a helicopter which is dropping flares, and tries to get an ambulance to the wounded. The recording is on both sides of this tape. A partial transcript accompanies this tape and is included in Appendix G .

Speeches, seminars, panels, and interviews 1954-1971 undated

Scope and Contents note

These tapes include speeches by General Lansdale, panels and seminars in which he participated, and classes he taught. There are also some recordings of speeches by others who mention General Lansdale and his work.

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Tape 118, United States undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of a speech by General Lansdale, entitled "The Communist Way."

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Tape 119, United States undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a tape of a radio program in which General Lansdale took part. The program is entitled "This Shrinking World," and it is a series of editorials based on American foreign aid and the mutual security program. This series is (or was) broadcast by an NBC affiliate, WRC (location unknown). This particular segment of "This Shrinking World" takes the form of a panel discussion with former American Ambassador to Turkey George McGee, now a member of the Draper Committee; the Financial Minister from the British Embassy; and Assistant to the Secretary of Defense Colonel Edward Lansdale. There are two journalists/commentators.

The discussion begins with a comparison of British and American foreign aid to poorer countries. Each commentator seems anxious to establish which nation, the U.S. or Great Britain, gives more aid. The type of aid given to the various recipients is discussed, and it is agreed that it is futile to give economic aid without also giving military aid (for security). The type of aid given by the U.S.S.R. is discussed, and it is agreed that the Soviets give aid in order to dominate. Soviet "economic warfare" is mentioned and discussed. The panel also talks about the attitudes of the people of the nations giving aid, and those of the people receiving the aid.

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Tape 120, Philippines 1954

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of a talk given by Lansdale to a military audience in the Philippines. His subject is the war in Indochina. Lansdale hopes to interest his audience in this topic because of the proximity of Vietnam to the Philippines. He begins with a history of Vietnam, from the colonial period on, to explain why and how the French come to be involved in this war. He discusses Ho Chi Minh and describes him as a "professional revolutionary" educated, in part, in Moscow. He emphasizes that many "regular" (governmental) armed forces in Vietnam have voluntarily joined the French against Ho Chi Minh's forces. He finally points out that the Viet Minh are advised by at least 2,000 Chinese Communists and draws an analogy with the Japanese invasion during World War II: first Vietnam, then Thailand, Burma, Malaya, Indonesia, and finally the Philippines fell to foreign domination. After General Lansdale's talk there are questions and comments from the audience.

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Tape 121, United States 1959 June

Scope and Contents note

This is a tape of a portion of the 12th annual conference of the Military Government Association, held in Washington, D.C. A speaker calls the meeting to order and introduces the chairman of the first panel, the topic of which is "International Military and Political Affairs." The chairman, who is a past president of the Association, is Brig. General Strom Thurmond. Thurmond introduces each panel member as they present their talks. Below is a list and a synopsis of what each has to say.

The Honorable John Erwin II, Assistant Secretary of Defense, was supposed to have given a talk but was unable to attend. His deputy, Robert H. Knight, took Erwin's place. Knight reviews the strength of the military of Communist states and the uses to which the military is put. According to Knight, the Communists use their military to control others, to supply arms to small countries, to take over small countries, and to provide self-defense in the event of war (including an accidental war). Knight also reviews the strength of the U.S. and other free-world military forces.

Brig. General Millard C. Young, Air Force, from the Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, covers the topic of personnel and planning for cold war activities. Before he begins he mentions that he feels "timid before such outstanding company as General Lansdale." He discusses the "state" of cold war and the psychological preparedness of the Communists. He argues that Americans, military and non-military, must "put on our cold war glasses" to see reality, and we must "keep them on all the time." He further argues that to successfully combat Communist propaganda against us (which makes us unpopular in the countries we are trying to help), we must send to trouble spots people who know the language and the customs of the host population.

The Honorable Robert D. Murphy, Undersecretary of State, is given the topic of the "international political situation." He decides to discuss the Berlin situation, "as it relates to the present talks going on in Geneva." Murphy outlines the plan offered by the U.S., which includes reunification of Berlin as the prospective capital of a reunited Germany; free elections; agreed-upon reduction of forces (by all four powers) in both Germanys; measures to prevent Germany from becoming aggressive; and a democratic government for the reunited Germany.

Colonel Edward Lansdale, Deputy Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Special Operations, speaks on "cold war and civil affairs." General Lansdale touches on the basic differences between Communist thought and American thought, and he discusses "the little people" who must deal with Communists in their own country. He outlines the reaction of the people of the Philippines to the Communist Huks, and the difference in morale made by the institution of free elections. He concludes by stressing that the U.S. must hold fast in the fight for freedom, because it is our bond with "men of good will, everywhere."

Richard M. Helms covers the fifth topic, "Soviet military occupation." Helms is the Assistant Director of the CIA. His talk is a review of history, concentrating on the way the U.S.S.R. tried to rule (and usually succeeded) in four countries: Austria, East Germany, Poland, and Hungary. He discusses the way the people of these countries resisted Soviet repression of their freedoms (of press, speech, and assembly). He then describes how the Soviets were able, more often than not, to crush any resistance.

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Tape 122, United States 1966 September 25

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of the dedication ceremonies for the Freedom Studies Center of the Institute for American Strategy at Boston, Virginia. The U.S. Navy Band plays, and a number of people speak, each of whom was limited to two minutes. The Center is dedicated to studying Communist cold-war tactics and to protecting the American process of government and the American way of life. It is a school of "psycho-political warfare" which is funded privately and administered by the Institute for American Strategy. One of the speakers, Adm. Felix B. Stump (Navy, ret.), mentions that General Lansdale will be the administrative director of the Center. Below is a list of speakers.

Sen. Harry Flood Byrd, Jr. (D-Va); John O. Marsh, Jr., Virginia congressman; John M. Fisher, President of Insitute; Dr. James D. Atkinson, Georgetown University; Alan G. Grant, originator of the academy; Dr. Walter H. Judd, Board of Directors; Sen. Thomas Dodd (R-Ct), Board of Directors; Adm. Burke, Georgetown University; Kenneth D. Wells, Jr., Freedom Foundation; Dr. L. E. Dubrionski, Captive Nations Committee; John W. Piercy, State Department; Lt. Gen. J. L. Stockmorton, Army; Rear Adm. James F. Calbert, Navy; Lt. Gen. Jack G. Merrill, Air Force; Brig. Gen. Earl E. Anderson, Marine Corps; Adm. Felix Stump, Navy, retired; William C. Darby, Institute for Free Labor; Andrew A. Pettis, AFL-CIO; John C. Frame, Mutual Broadcasting Company; Chauncy Facell, Florida representative; Dr. Woodrow W. Wilkinson, Virginia school system; Nat. Commander John E. Davis, American Legion.

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Tape 123, United States 1970 January 16

Scope and Contents note

COIN course lecture. This lecture was the final class of a course preparing students to handle matters of "insurgency and counterinsurgency." Some of the students were evidently bound for Vietnam. The speaker is Dr. Walter H. Judd, an expert on U.S. foreign policy who served in Congress for Minnesota's 5th District and also acted as a delegate to the World Health Association of the U.N. Dr. Judd lived in mainland China for ten years as a medical missionary under Communist rule.

The theme of Dr. Judd's lecture is that communism is an international, not a national, movement. "There is on this planet an organized, world-wide movement with the avowed objective and the unwavering will and the steadily-increasing capability to impose its rule on the rest of the world, including the United States." He scorns those who believe that communism is "mellowing" or "maturing." He gives many examples of ways that the U.S.S.R. could lesson world tensions, but it does not do any of these things. Judd argues that the disagreement between the Chinese and Soviet Communists is a struggle within the Party, not between two parties. He emphasizes that it is important to recognize these facts about the Communists, if we are to defeat them.

He further argues that individual Communist leaders, such as Ho Chi Minh, are not dedicated to the well-being of their own people but rather to the international movement. The war in Vietnam is not, then, simply a civil war and not a war of liberation. According to Judd, the U.S.S.R. wishes to embarrass the U.S. in Vietnam. Because Communist leaders view international communism as an inevitability, and as the only way to achieve world peace, the U.S. is seen as an obstacle. Communist leaders use war, diplomacy, and tricks (Judd gives examples of each of these) to advance their cause. The U.S. should not expect the Communist leaders to grant concessions, Judd says, or to meet it halfway, and the U.S. should not be surprised when the Communists act with treachery. The Communists see themselves as engaged in total war. Judd concludes that the U.S. must learn to engage in total war -- economic, social, educative, athletic, artistic, etc. -- if it is to successfully deal with them. Eventually, Judd says, the U.S. can outlast the Communists. The Communist movement will die out because of internal contradictions and because of the cruelty of its system of government.

box 93

Tape 124, United States 1971 October 8

Access

Use copy reference number: 80116_a_0000247_a01

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of an informal interview of General Lansdale by a person -- probably a journalist -- whose name is not given. The interviewer is gathering information about the Vietnam War. At the start, however, the two men talk about a special program that NBC wants to air based on the Pentagon Papers. NBC wants to interview General Lansdale, which he agrees to do if NBC will, in turn, make some copies of some of Lansdale's tapes. The tapes he needs evidently include some of Pham Duy's music, and General Lansdale hopes that the producer will be interested in it.

Pham Duy "just showed up here in the U.S." with a group of classical musicians. He will be taping music at the University of Southern Illinois (at Carbondale), which has a Center for Vietnamese Studies (a Mr. H. B. Jacobini is Pham Duy's contact there).

Next the book General Lansdale has written is mentioned. It is to be released in February of 1972. Mme. Nhu has also written a book, and the two men discuss Mme. Nhu for a few minutes.

The interviewer says that he has done some reading since the last time he and General Lansdale talked, and he has some questions. The first topic he brings up is the concept of "personalism," which is a concept, philosophy, or technique which was related to politics (of the Diem regime) in South Vietnam. The two discuss Diem and his relationship to the people of Vietnam, and Diem's use of radio to provide information to the people. Lansdale discusses personalism and individuals from Vietnam's past. He also brings up Communist organizational techniques, which were adopted (in part) by other parties and even by the Saigon government.

The two then talk about Vietnam under French rule and the difficulties the people in public office had in getting along with the citizens of Vietnam. The public officials were perhaps too anxious to use their authority, because they had had none before (like the newly-arrived Irish immigrants to the U.S., who became policemen).

General Lansdale then talks about Confucianism and its strong influence in Vietnam. The interviewer asks a question about what he thinks might be an "Oriental custom" -- bringing in a third party, if negotiations between two people break down. General Lansdale points out that this is not a custom particular to the Vietnamese and says that Americans newly-arrived in Vietnam often find the culture so exotic that they don't think of the Vietnamese as humans who are more like than unlike other people.

General Lansdale talks about the strategic hamlet program in Vietnam and in the Philippines.

The interviewer brings up a new subject -- what is referred to in the Pentagon Papers as "grey broadcasts." These are evidently broadcasts by clandestine radio stations. General Lansdale doesn't recall anything about this.

General Lansdale discusses "rumor campaigns" which are used to alert the people to Communist atrocities.

SIDE TWO

General Lansdale mentions the complicated U.S. bureaucracy which was quickly set up in Vietnam and the tendency of officials to appoint committees to deal with ideas, thus burying them.

Finally, the two talk again about Pham Duy. He will be joined at Southern Illinois by Steve Addis.

box 93

Tape 125, United States undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of a seminar led, evidently, by General Lansdale. No date is given. A guest speaker, Colonel Yehuda Prihar of Israel, is featured during the particular session recorded here. Col. Prihar fought during World War II with the British and then fought in Israel's war of independence. After independence, Prihar became experienced in resisting infiltration. His talk to General Lansdale's class is on "anti-infiltration warfare."

Prihar discusses the early days in Israel -- the importance to the displaced people of Europe to have land of their own to farm. Then he describes the problem of guerrilla infiltrators crossing the borders into Israel and terrorizing the population while gathering intelligence. Israel, therefore, devised a system of border settlements, populated by farmer-soldiers. The settlements, with their ponds and their groves of trees, block the pathways into Israel. Three "layers" of settlements are set up -- the Kibbutz, which is the strongest type of village, the cooperative, and the traditional farming community. The young people of Israel, all of whom go through military training, are educated (Prihar says "indoctrinated") to go, if they desire, to set up a new settlement. There is cooperation among villages in case of an encounter with military forces of the enemy, and each settlement is equipped to defend itself. There is a military officer of the Israeli army for each set (or sector) of settlements. Prihar details certain tactics the settlers might use. He then describes how such infiltration-resistant settlements might be set up in other countries trying to resist enemy guerrillas.

box 93

Tape 126 undated

Scope and Contents note

This is a recording of an undated "AWA" editorial. The speaker is not identified. He argues that the United States cannot win the war in Vietnam and that it cannot persuade Ho Chi Minh to negotiate a peace. He maintains that it is hopeless to continue, despite the technology of weaponry which the U.S. has employed against the Viet Cong, because (1) the Viet Cong have fought the Japanese, the French, and now the Americans and are willing to continue fighting; (2) the Viet Cong are capable of increasing troops and arms to meet U.S. increases; (3) the U.S. cannot compete with "Oriental patience and disregard for human life"; (4) the U.S.S.R. is determined to provide arms for the Viet Cong in order to keep the U.S. mired in this conflict; and (5) Ho Chi Minh is determined to win, even if he must retreat to the jungle and wage a guerrilla war.

The speaker then argues that Vietnam is unlike other wars: the United States has used more fire power than it used in World War II, and "we have assembled the most formidable fighting machine in the world," but "it has not been equal to half-naked natives, and our wisdom unequal to bridging the huge gulf separating the cultures of East and West." The only "road out of the wilderness," he feels, is turning civil and military responsibilities over to the Vietnamese. He concludes that it is paternalistic to claim that the Vietnamese are not ready for this responsibility. The U.S. cannot govern Vietnam because it clearly does not understand the people and culture. A few brilliant men -- "such as General Edward Lansdale" -- understand the politics, but most U.S. leaders do not.

Increment 1958-1970 undated

Scope and Contents note

Tapes formerly stored in vault.

box 93

Tape 127, United States undated

Scope and Contents note

De Calula, subversive warfare speech.

box 93

Tape 128, United States undated

Scope and Contents note

Lansdale, counterinsurgency speech.

box 93

Tapes 129-130, United States 1958 December 3

Scope and Contents note

Lansdale, "Limited War -- Southeast Asia," speech, National War College.

box 93

Tape 131, United States 1962 July 3

Scope and Contents note

Lansdale, speech, Foreign Service Institute.

box 93

Tapes 132-133, United States 1970 January 28

Scope and Contents note

Music, Dolf Droge.

box 93

Tape 134 1970 January 27

Scope and Contents note

Music, Middle Eastern.

box MC11

General Lansdale 1972 December

Physical Description: 1, 1/4-inch sound tape reel (7-inch)

Separated Materials

Item originally in Box 97.

box MC11

Lansdale, Vietnam/refugees 1974 April 10

Physical Description: 1, 1/4-inch sound tape reel (7-inch)

Separated Materials

Item originally from Box 97

box MC11

General Edward Lansdale at HJC undated

Physical Description: 1, 1/4-inch sound tape reel (7-inch)

Separated Materials

Originally from Box 97

box 94

Videorecordings 1974

Conditions Governing Access note

Use copy reference number: 80116_v_0001652

Scope and Contents note

Film tape reels of a presentation by Lansdale relating to his experiences in Vietnam given at Hagerstown Junior College, Hagerstown, Maryland.

Maps and Charts undated

os_folder 1

Mapa de Carreteras de Venezuela 1960

Memorabilia 1955 1961 1963

memorabilia_cabinet 3

Fuerza Fluvial y Lacustre De Bolivia pennant, 1963

memorabilia_cabinet 3

Sea Swallow pennants, badge, and pin, circa 1961

memorabilia_cabinet 3

United States Army Caribbean Honorario pin and Jungle Expert badge, circa 1955

Declassified Documents

Scope and Contents note

Formerly security-classified records of the U.S. government, released in full or in part, returned from the U.S. Department of Defense. Includes some interfiled, unclassified government records.

box 95, folder 1

(Former) Boxes 1-2

(Former) Box 3

box 95, folder 2

Folder 1

box 95, folder 3

Folder 2

box 95, folder 4

Folder 4

(Former) Box 4

box 95, folder 5

Folders 1-8

box 95, folder 6

Folders 8-12

box 95, folder 7

(Former) Box 5

(Former) Box 6

box 95, folder 8

Folders 1-2

box 95, folder 9

Folder 4

box 96, folder 1

(Former) Box 7

box 96, folder 2

(Former) Box 8

(Former) Box 10

box 96, folder 3

Folders 1-19

box 96, folder 4

Folders 20-21

box 96, folder 5

Folder 22

(Former) Box 11

box 96, folder 6

Folders 1-3

box 97, folder 1

Folders 4-6

box 97, folder 2

Folders 7-9

box 97, folder 3

Folders 10-29

box 97, folder 4

(Former) Box 12

box 97, folder 5

Unidentified undated

box 98

Material not yet described