Box 196
d. Cohesion, cleavage, and morale
Scope and Contents note
Unity in planning and agreement on common action among Russian
revolutionaries abroad as well as between various parties were generally
elusive or of temporary character. The fact that all revolutionary
groups were against the Tsarist government did not carry enough weight
to prevail over diversified methods with which they endeavored to attain
their only goal the revolution in Russia.
Inside each revolutionary party there were differences of opinion,
clashes between individuals, invariably interfering with the ultimate,
purpose. The struggle between Bolsheviks and Mensheviks, out of which of
characteristic of Lenin came victorious, is characteristic to almost all
revolutionary groups. Congresses and conferences served more often as
battlegrounds for ambitious leaders than as forums for coordinated
action.
This unity in purpose and disharmony in action created a gap deepened by
the war to; the point of making any span impossible.
The collection in Folder 1 contains drafts and reports describing or
revealing the cleavage and action for unification of revolutionary
groups abroad between 1894 and 1917. Among the intercepted letters in
Folders 3 and 4, there are several from or addressed to Lenin and other
important revolutionaries, discussing frictions between and within their
groups.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 355-356
Index XVId, Folder 1
Drafts and reports on cleavage and action for unification
among revolutionary groups abroad,
1894-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 355
Index XVId, Folder 2
Reports on the attitude of revolutionary organizations toward
war and divided opinions on its outcome,
1914-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 355
Index XVId, Folder 3
Intercepted letters mailed from Russia abroad,
1902-1910
Access
Available on microfilm reels 355-356
Index XVId, Folder 4
Intercepted letters mailed to Russia from abroad,
1901-1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 356
Boxes 196-205, 242
XVII. Revolutionary leaders
Boxes 196-197
a. Vladimir Il'ich Lenin and Nadezhda Konstantinovna
Krupskaya
Scope and Contents note
The earliest document in Lenin's file, dated June 6, 1895, is a dispatch
from St. Petersburg, advising that Lenin had departed from Russia. There
is also a dispatch dated September. 7, 1900, regarding Lenin's second
departure abroad, where he published for a while the newspaper Iskra
with Martov (Tsederbaum), Potresov, and Plekhanov.
Folder 1 contains copies of a number of intercepted letters between
various individuals, mostly revolutionaries, discussing Lenin and his
views. This file further contains a lengthy report on the 1903 Social
Democratic Congress in Brussels, prepared by Chief Rataev of the Paris
Okhrana Office (Outgoing Dispatch #168/1903).
The inventory sheets for Folders 2-5 are prepared in considerable
detail, listing individual letters written by Lenin and Krupskaya or
received by them. The letters are copies rendered verbatim by the
Okhrana's offices from intercepted mail. Since it was the practice of
Okhrana offices to return to the post offices the mail for delivery to
addressees, it is possible that much of the original mail was thus lost,
while the Okhrana's copies remained.
Since copies of intercepted correspondence that became subjects of
dispatches were kept at Petersburg Headquarters, they came into
Bolshevik hands like most all of the other Okhrana documents. As Lenin's
Polnoe sobranie sochinenii compilation
reveals, many of these copies were preserved. Most of those included in
the printed collection are verbatim reproductions, while some of them
differ in small details from the samples in this collection. The letters
of Lenin's wife, Krupskaya, included in this collection are not printed
in the
Sochineniaa.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 356-358
Index XVIIa, Folder 1
Dispatches and letters pertaining to Lenin and Krupskaya;
intercepted correspondence between revolutionaries referring to
Lenin or Krupskaya,
1900-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reels 356-357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2a
Memorandum from Headquarters advising that Ulianov departed
from Russia for abroad,
1895
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2b
Letter from Nizhnii Novgorod to Liege discussing
disagreements between the Lenin and Martov factions,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2c
Report on the split among the "Iskrovtsy,"
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2d
Excerpt from a letter from Lenin in Geneva to his mother in
Kiev,
1904
Scope and Contents note
Includes an English translation
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2e
Report on "Katia" Krupsakaya as an important member of
Iskra,
1904
Scope and Contents note
Includes an English translation
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2f
Letter from Lenin, Zverev, and Glebov in Darmstadt to Dauge
in Moscow,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2g
Letter from Lenin in Nuremberg to Dr. Aleksandrov in
Gomel,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2h
Letter from Krupskaya in Nuremberg to Shpolianskaia in
Moscow,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2i
Letter from Lenin to Anton Peres in Moscow,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2j
Letter from Lenin in Nuremberg to Sokolovskii in
Odessa,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2k
Dispatch from Headquarters advising that Bogdanov is giving
financial help to Lenin,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2l
Report on the 3rd London RSDWP Congress and Lenin's
role,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2m
Letter from Krupskaya in Leipzig to Vera Mikler in
Moscow,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2n
Letter from Lenin in Munich to Pushenskii,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2o
Letter from Lenin in Munich to Pushenskii in Kherson (with
English translation),
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2p
Report on the Social Democratic Conference in Vyborg and
Lenin's role,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2q
Letter from Krupskaya to Lenin
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2r
Report on the All-Russian Conference of the Social Democratic
Party in Paris,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2s
Roster of the members of the RSDWP-Bolshevik faction
abroad,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2t
Letter from Moscow to Krupskaya containing the texts of
agitation pamphlets,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2u
Letter from Lenin in Paris to his sister in Russia discussing
peace with the Mensheviks,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2v
Report on the composition of the RSDWP Central Committee
including Lenin,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2w
Letter from Lenin in Paris to I. K. Frim in
Bucharest,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2x
Letter from Krupskaya in Paris to Iukevich in St.
Petersburg,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2y
Report on Lenin's attempts to sue Tsetkina for 80,000 francs,
an inheritance left by Schmidt,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 2z
Memorandum from Headquarters reporting on a conference of
Lenin's political partisans,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3a
Report on Lenin and Zinovyev (Grigorii Radomysl'skii) moving
to Krakow to be closer to Russia during the Duma
elections,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3b-3e
Letters from Lenin in Krakow to the
Pravda editorial office in St. Petersburg,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3f
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Nazarov in St.
Petersburg,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3g
Letter from Lenin in Krakow to the editorial office of
Sovremennyi mir in St.
Petersberg,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3h-3k
Letter from Krupskaya to Akselrod in St.
Petersburg,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3l-3m
Letter from Krupskaya to Podvoiskii in St.
Petersburg
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3n-3o
Letter from Lenin in Krakow to the
Pravda editorial office in St. Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3p
Letter from Lenin in Krakow to Lazurkin in St.
Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3q
Letter from Lenin in Krakow to Bel'skii in St.
Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3r-3u
Letters from Krupskaya in Krakow to Podvoiskii in St.
Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3v
Letters from Lenin in Krakow to his sister Mariia in
Saratov,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3w
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Kvaleva in St.
Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3x
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Podvoiskii in St.
Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3y
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Knipovich in St.
Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 3z
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Rymash in St.
Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4a
Letter from Krupskaya in Zakopane to Kvaleva in St.
Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4b
Letter from Krupskaya in Zakopane to Podvoiskii in St.
Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4b
Letter from Lenin in Zakopane to Podvoiskii in St.
Petersburg
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4c
Letter from Lenin in Zakopane to Kolkov in St.
Petersburg
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4d
Letter from Lenin in Zakopane to Podvoiskii in St.
Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4e
Letter from Lenin in Krakow to
Pravda editorial office in St. Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4f
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Sekorskii in
Tiflis,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4g
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Kavtaradze in St.
Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4h
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to
Za
pravdu
in St. Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4i
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Samolei in St. Petersburg
reporting on the strike movement,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4j
Report on the 2nd Regular Conference of the RSDWP and Lenin's
role,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4k
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Antoshevskaia in
Viatka,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4l
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Elizarova in St.
Petersburg,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4m
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Anton Samolei in St.
Petersburg,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4n
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Nina Krug in St.
Petersburg,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4o
Letter from Krupskaya in Krakow to Voitsekhovskii in St.
Petersburg,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4p
Letter from Krupskaya in Vienna to Sikorskii in Tiflis
regarding preparations for a congress,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4q
Letter from Krupskaya in Zakopane to
Proveshchenie in St. Petersburg on the 2rd International
Conference of Women Socialists and Female Workers'
Organizations,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4r
Letter from Krupskaya in Rabka to Ivan Samovarov,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4s
Letter from Krupskaya in Poronin to Enukidze in St.
Petersburg asking for information on Georgian and Armenian
newspapers published in the Caucasus,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4t
Letter from Krupskaya in Austria to Ivan Samovarov in
Kremlevo Station,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4u
Report advising that Lenin is not in prison in Krakow, but is
living in Berlin,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4v
Letter from Lenin's sister Mariia in Petrograd to Lenin in
Bern containing family news,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Scope and Contents note
Includes English translation.
Index XVIIa, Folder 4w
Report on Lenin's attitude towards terrorism,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4x
Briefs on Safarov, relative of Krupskaya, Ludmila Stiglis and
Selikmann,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4y
Report on Lenin's defeatist views regarding Russia's
participation in the war,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 4z
Letters in French by or about Lenin,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 357
Index XVIIa, Folder 5a
Lenin's letter to Safarov in French,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5b
Chronological review of Lenin's activities from February
1904-April 1916,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5c
Surveillance reports on Lenin by agent Bint,
1915-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5d
Report on Lenin's lecture, "Conditions of Peace and the
National Question,"
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5e
Resume of Lenin's report in Zurich entitled "The War and Two
Internationals,"
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5f
Statements by Lenin to Safarov on French
revolutionaries,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5g
Resume of a lecture delivered by Lenin in Geneva entitled
"Two Currents in the International Workers' Movement,"
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5h
Report on the Geneva Conference of émigré Treasuries, with
Krupskaya as secretary,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5i
Cable about Lenin receiving the protection of
Germany,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5j
Report on Lenin's participation in the Bern Conference of
International Socialist Commissions,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5k
Draft of a declaration to be published by the RSDWP Central
Committee (represented by Lenin) on the conference of socialists of
the "concordat" countries,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5l
Report on existing opinion on Lenin's attitude towards
terror,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5m
Report concerning Lenin's mistress Inessa Armand,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5n
Okhrana circular on Nadezhda Krupskaya
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5o
Safarov's letters to Krupskaya,
1915-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 5p
English translations of Lenin's correspondence
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIa, Folder 7
Reference: For agent Zhitomirskii's (Daudet) reports on Lenin
and his group from 1911-1913, see IIIf, folder 36
Index XVIIa, Folder 8
Reference: See agent Bint's 1917 report on Inessa Armand in
VIk, folder 5
Index XVIIa, Folder 9
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 61, 1903, on
Anichkin, a student in St. Petersburg, involved in a plot with Lenin
in XIIIc(2), folder 2
Index XVIIa, Folder 10
Reference: See outgoing telegram no. 224, January 9, 1916,
advising that Lenin's courier "Liza" is departing Switzerland for
Russia, in XIIIb(2), folder 8
Box 197
b. Georgii Valentinovich Plekhanov
Scope and Contents note
The collection of papers on this Marxist theoretician, founder of the
Russian Social Democratic Party, and comrade and opponent of Lenin,
dates from 1891 to 19l6. Folder 1 contains an assortment of various
dispatches, while the documents in Folder 2, individually described,
refer to his various activities, organizational work, funding,
extraditions, and differences with the Bolshevik faction of the Party.
Of considerable interest are the intercepted letters. As later with
Lenin, Plekhanov had troubles with P. Lavrov, the anarchist leader in
London. Also includes Headquarters circulars giving Plekhanov's physical
description and photograph.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 1
Various dispatches referring to Plekhanov,
1894-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2a
French surveillance agent reports on Plekhanov,
1891
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2b
Letters on Plekhanov and his work,
1892
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2c
Plans of the French government to deport Plekhanov and
Selikrevskii,
1894
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2d
Report that Plekhanov still visits Geneva,
1894
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2e
Plekhanov's intention to withdraw from the Party,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2f
Views of the Kostroma Committee regarding Plekhanov's desire
to represent the Party at the International Socialist
Bureau,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2g
Letter from Smirnov to Plekhanov in Geneva about Deutsch and
Zasulich,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2h
Letter regarding a financial contribution for
Plekhanov,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2i
Okhrana's circular on Plekhanov with his
photograph,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2j
Physical description of Plekhanov,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2k
Report that Burtsev and Plekhanov are planning to go to
Russia,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2l
Plekhanov's letter on preparations for the Duma
elections,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2m
Plekhanov's letter on non-recognition of Lenin's Central
Committee as the central organization of the Party,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2n
Report that Plekhanov enrolled in electricians' school in
Paris,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2o
Report that Plekhanov arrived in Paris to organize a meeting
of the conciliatory faction,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2p
Letter to Plekhanov concerning the "liquidation" theory and
other party theories,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2q
Lecture delivered by Plekhanov on "The National Question and
the Social Democrats,"
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2r
Lecture entitled "War and the Social Democracy" delivered by
Plekhanov in Lausanne,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2s
Report on the publication
Edinstvo by Plekhanov,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2t
Dispatches concerning the whereabouts of
Plekhanov,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIb, Folder 2u
Background and activities report on Plekhanov
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Box 197
c. Leon Trotsky
Scope and Contents note
The collection in Folder 1 covers the period from 1901 to 1917. The
intercepted letters of Natalia and Lev Bronstein and those of Trotsky's
wife are of particular interest, pertaining mostly to Party matters.
Differences and reconciliations with Lenin are referred to in this as
well as in individually inventoried documents in the second folder.
Correspondence with the Socialists in the Duma, Trotsky's stay in the
United States, his travels, and editorial work, particularly on Nashe
Slovo are covered. Several Okhrana intercepts and copies include
Trotsky's letters.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 1
Various dispatches and letters pertaining to
Trotsky,
1901-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2a
Report on RSDWP member Bronstein in Geneva and his relations
with Helfand,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2b
Letters from "Sasha" in St. Petersburg to her husband Trotsky
in Vienna,
1908-1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2c
Letter from Trotsky in Kiev to de Montbrand in
Lausanne,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2d
Data on Trotsky's wife,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2e
Letter from Trotsky in Vienna to Duma deputy
Pokrovskii,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2f
Report of the Nikolaevsk Okhrana chief on Trotsky, his wife,
and other revolutionaries,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2g
Report of the Odessa Okhrana chief on Trotsky and his
wife,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2h
Letters from an unidentified writer to Akselrod in Zurich and
Trotsky in Vienna on the German Social Democratic Party
conference,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2i
Letter from Trotsky in Vienna to the editor of
Luch,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2j
Trotsky's letter to Duma member Chkheidze praising his
speeches and commenting on Leninism,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2k
Report that Trotsky arrived in Paris,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2l
Trotsky's speech in Paris on "The Defense of the
Homeland,"
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2m
Trotsky's speech in a workers' club in Paris,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2n
Bint's report on Trotsky's activities,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2o
Report on Chernov and Trotsky touring Switzerland and
agitating for the cessation of the war,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2p
Report on the pro-German stance of Trotsky's newspaper
Nashe slovo,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2q
Bint's report revealing Trotsky as an Austrian
agent,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2r
Meeting of the Committee for the Resumption of International
Relations and Trotsky's role in it,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2s
Documents pertaining to the deportation of Trotsky from
France,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2t
Documents pertaining to Trotsky's efforts to obtain a Swiss
visa,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2u
Moscow millionaire Shakhov's offer of financial assistance to
Trotsky,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2v
Agent Bint's reports on Trotsky,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2w
Letter from Trotsky to his friends in New York,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2x
Arrival of Trotsky and his family in New York,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2y
Report on Trotsky as the editor of
Nashe slovo
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 2z
Official Okhrana circulars on Trotsky
Access
Available on microfilm reel 358
Index XVIIc, Folder 4
Reference: See reports on Trotsky's daily newspaper
Nashe slovo and on the polemics of its
banning, in XVIIr(1)
Index XVIIc, Folder 5
Reference: See report on
Nashe
slovo
for 1916, banned as being pro-German, in VIIIb,
folder 3
Boxes 197-198
d. Vladimir L'vovich Burtsev
Scope and Contents note
This extensive collection is the most telling proof that Vladimir Burtsev
and his work represented a continuous and important target for the
Okhrana in Paris. A competent writer, propagandist, and advocate of
terror and assassination as a means leading to revolution, he developed
also an active revolutionary counter-intelligence with the purpose of
exposing Okhrana agents and discrediting the Okhrana as an establishment
in European countries. In this connection, many of the documents
concerning Burtsev are also located under XXIVa and XXIVb, since the
bulk of revolutionary intelligence and propaganda was either directed by
Burtsev or closely affiliated with his functions.
Folder 1, in two sections, contains general materials of Burtsev,
dispatches on him and his writings, copies of intercepted letters,
various agent reports, etc. His functions and the contributions of
Okhrana defector Mikhail Bakai in exposing Evno Azef are well covered,
as is also Burtsev's exposure of Okhrana Chief Garting.
Folders 2 to 5 have documents concentrating on certain periods and
events, as for instance, Folder 5, with papers on Burtsev's stay in
Rumania and England, his imprisonments in London, and the case of agent
Bullier. Folder 3, in two sections, for the period from 1899 to 1917
concentrates on Burtsev's work in Paris, revealing the nature of the
revolutionary police and Burtsev's methods of intelligence operations
and press campaigns. Surveillance reports on him and his intelligence
service are dated from 1906 to 1914.
Folder 4 covers the Okhrana's attempts to have Burtsev and his group
deported from France, while the last folder (No. 5) contains information
on his return to Russia, official trial records, intercepted
correspondence from the jail, disposal of his archive and personal
effects in Paris, etc.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 359-361
Index XVIId, Folder 1
Miscellaneous documents including intercepted letters,
dispatches, and agent reports pertaining to Burtsev and the defector
Mikhail Bakai,
1890-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 359
Index XVIId, Folder 2
Documents on Burtsev's stay in Romania and England, his
arrest and imprisonment in London, and the case against agent
Charlotte Bullier,
1890-1899
Access
Available on microfilm reel 360
Index XVIId, Folder 3
Collection of papers pertaining to Burtsev's work in Paris;
Burtsev's revolutionary police; publication of
Budushchee; detailed Okhrana report on his mode of
operation; his press campaign against Garting and the Paris Okhrana;
collections of surveillance reports on Burtsev; Burtsev's trip to
the United States,
1899-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reels 360-361
Index XVIId, Folder 4
Dispatches and reports concerning the Okhrana's attempts to
have Burtsev deported from France,
1904, 1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIId, Folder 5
Documents pertaining to Burtsev's imprisonment in Russia:
official trial records, intercepted correspondence between the
imprisoned Burtsev and Paris concerning the disposition of his
personal affairs in Paris,
1914-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIId, Folder 7
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 17, January 24, 1903,
regarding Burtsev and Krakov in the Socialist Revolutionary Fighting
Unit, in XIIIc(2), folder 2
Index XVIId, Folder 8
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 42, July 16, 1903, on
Burtsev's role in the plot to assassinate the Minister of the
Interior, in XIIIc(2), folder 2
Index XVIId, Folder 9
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 62, December 4, 1903,
on Burtsev in England and Switzerland, in XIIIc(2), folder
2
Index XVIId, Folder 10
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 94, July 15, 1905,
concerning Burtsev and Krakov, in XIIIc(2), folder 4
Index XVIId, Folder 11
Reference: For letters addressed to Burtsev and reports on
his accusations against Okhrana censorship and perlustration, see
Xc
Index XVIId, Folder 12
Reference: For reports on Jollivet's assignments on Burtsev
and Leroy, 1914-1915, see VIk, folder 33
Index XVIId, Folder 13
Reference: See Charlotte Bullier's personnel file for reports
on her contacts with Burtsev, in IIIe, folder 3
Index XVIId, Folder 14
Reference: See incoming telegram no. 166, January 21, 1903,
for instructions concerning surveillance over Krakov between Bern
and the Russian border, in XIIIc(3), folder 14
Index XVIId, Folder 15
Reference: See outgoing telegram, June 2, 1903, informing of
a secret courier en route from Burtsev to St. Petersburg, in
XIIIb(2), folder 2
Index XVIId, Folder 16
Reference: See outgoing telegram, November 12, 1903, advising
that Burtsev is about to publish the fifth issue of
Narodovolets, in XIIIb(2), folder
2
Index XVIId, Folder 17
Reference: See outgoing telegram, March 23, 1904, advising
that Burtsev and Krakov left Paris secretly for an unknown
destination, in XIIIb(2), folder 3
Index XVIId, Folder 18
Reference: See outgoing telegram, June 15, 1904, advising
that Burtsev is expecting an event of grave consequences to take
place in Russia, in XIIIb(2), folder 3
Box 198
e. Grigory Yevseyevich Zinovyev
Scope and Contents note
A large number of documents pertain to this important Bolshevik leader,
closest associate of Lenin, writer, and orator. However, most of the
Okhrana dispatches pertaining to his work and activities deal also with
other top revolutionaries and have therefore been placed under various
other index numbers. (See the cross-reference sheet in Folder 6.
)
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIe, Folder 1
Letter from Zinovyev in Paris to Mlle. Levin in St.
Petersburg about the publication of a magazine,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIe, Folder 2
Letter from Zinovyev in Paris to Duma member Poletaiev
regarding the placement of a newspaper announcement,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIe, Folder 3
Zinovyev's brochure "Elections to the Fourth Duma and Our
Tasks,"
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIe, Folder 4
Report that Zinovyev is in St. Petersburg,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIe, Folder 5
Okhrana circular on the background of Zinovyev
("Radomyslskii")
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Box 198
f. Pavel Nikolaevich Miliukov and Aleksandr Fyodorovich
Kerensky
Scope and Contents note
The file on Miliukov consists of dispatches sent by Headquarters to the
Paris Office, dating back to 1897 and giving his background and his
contacts with Russian revolutionaries abroad. The Paris Office reported
twice to Headquarters on Miliukov's comments on conditions which would
assure the revolutionaries victory (May 1916) and on his meeting with
Bulgarian minister Todorov (December 1916) in Lausanne. Miliukov was
representing the Cadet Party in the Third and Fourth Dumas.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 1a
Background information on Miliukov,
1897
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 1b
Letters from Soskis in Paris to Miliukov transmitting a
manuscript for publication,
1898
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 1c
Dispatch giving background information on
Miliukov,
1902
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 1d
Letter from Miliukov in London on his plans for a lecture
tour of America,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 1e
Memo advising that Miliukov left Russia again,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 1f
Letter from "Shklovskaia" in London to Miliukov in St.
Petersburg,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 1g
Newspaper item titled "Les atrocitiés bulgares" on the role
of Miliukov,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 1h
Copy of
La Courier Européen,
co-published by Miliukov,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 1i
On O. Masarik's correspondence with Miliukov,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 1j
Clipping from
L'Oeuvre with
Miliukov's article,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 1k
Report on Miliukov's meeting with Todorov,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 1l
Letter from Chaikovskii in London to Miliukov in Sofia
requesting participation in a revolutionary publication
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 2a
Political background of Kerensky,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 2b
Letter to Kerensky asking for legal advice,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 2c
Official Okhrana circulars on Kerensky,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIf, Folder 2d
Report on the activities of the "Russian Maritime Union" in
London,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Box 198
g. Viktor Mikhailovich Chernov
Scope and Contents note
Viktor M. Chernov, a prolific writer, was one of the most militant
revolutionaries advocating terrorism. At the age of 24 he was in exile
and at the head of the Socialist Revolutionary Central Committee in
Paris, where he was constantly followed at close quarters by local
Okhrana agents.
Arrested in October 1905 in Russia, which he entered illegally to edit a
clandestine publication,
Mysl, he fled
abroad to become again a subject of surveillance. He maintained contacts
with Gorky, Savinkov, Aleksinskii, and attended the Socialist
Revolutionary Congress in London in 1908.
It was during the War that Chernov attained the peak of his importance as
a revolutionary. A Paris report of November 1914 underlines his
extremely energetic action among the revolutionaries in Paris, who felt
caught between party allegiance and patriotic feelings, for serving
purely revolutionary aims.
The Paris Office reported in 1915 that, in his anti-tsarism and
anti-militarism, Chernov went so far as to merit the label of a
Germanophile. Supported by Martov, he advocated the defeat of Russia and
preached alliance with the German socialists.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 361-362
Index XVIIg, Folder 1
Intercepted letters to and from Chernov and his wife; Okhrana
dispatches on Chernov and his group; agent surveillance
reports,
1903-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 361
Index XVIIg, Folder 2a
Surveillance reports on Chernov by agent
Fehrenbach,
1900
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2b
Letter to Chernov from Goldstein containing Shimel'
Sikorskii's biography, one of Pleve's assassins,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2c
Letters from Kropotkin and other individuals,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2d
Chernov reports on a Petersburg meeting which included the
participation of the Socialist Revolutionaries and
Kadets,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2e
Plans to assassinate the Tsar, prepared by the Fighting Unit
and involving Chernov,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2f
Chernov's reports on Iudelevskii's theories and the London
Conference,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2g
Arrival of Chernov's wife in St. Petersburg,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2h
Circular on Chernov with photograph,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2i
Chernov's comments on the booklet "Conclusions of the Azef
Affair Investigation Commission,"
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2j
Drafts of Savinkov's letters to Chernov,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2k
Arrival of Chernov in Paris from Italy to participate in
discussions of a split in the Socialist Revolutionary
Party,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2l
Report that Chernov does not belong to the extreme left wing
of the Socialist Revolutionaries,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2m
Lecture delivered by Chernov in Paris on "The Moral Problem
in Ropshin's [Savinkov's] Novels,"
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2n
Lecture delivered by Chernov in Paris on the "Current
Political Situation in Russia,"
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2o
Letters to and from Chernov and his wife,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2p
Report on Chernov's mother,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2q
Report that Chernov is in Italy, not engaged in revolutionary
work,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2r
Dispatches and drafts for reports on Chernov's activities
during the war, his propaganda to defeat Russia, editorial work,
lectures, etc.,
1914-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2s
Lecture on "Evaluation of the Zimmerwald
Conference,"
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2t
Official Okhrana circular on Chernov,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 2u
Report on Chernov and Martov in a Germanophile,
anti-militarist campaign,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIg, Folder 4
Reference: See outgoing telegram, April 15, 1904, advising
that Sazonov had spent two months with Chernov in Geneva in
XIIIb(2), folder 3
Box 198
h. Mikhail Rafailovich Gots
Scope and Contents note
Gots emigrated from Russia in 1900 with an impressive political record as
a terrorist and devoted member of the Socialist Revolutionary party.
Upon his arrival in Paris in early 1901, he established close contacts
with Chernov, Rubanovich, Rappoport, and Gavronsky and became the
subject of surveillance by the Paris Okhrana, who followed him to Nice,
Rome (where he was arrested), and Geneva, where he settled in 1903. Soon
all activities of the Socialist Revolutionary party abroad centered
around Gots's home. After his death in Berlin in 1906, his wife Vera
continued to be active in the Socialist Revolutionary ranks until
1916.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 1
Dispatches pertaining to Mikhail Gots and his
wife,
1902-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2a
Reports on Gots and agents Fehrenbach and Bint,
1901
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2b
Draft of a report to Headquarters,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2c
Report on Gots's arrest in Italy,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2d
Report on Gots in Geneva,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2e
Clippings on Gots's particular view of terrorism,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2f
Report on Gots's illness,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2g
Terrorist Ivanov summoned by Gots to Geneva to plan an act of
terror,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2h
Perlustrated correspondence of Gots and his wife
Vera,
1905-1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2i
Funeral arrangements for Mikhail Gots,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2j
Gots's funeral in Geneva,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2k
Circular on Vera Gots,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2l
Vera Gots's plans to go to Russia,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2m
Agent Durin's reports on Vera Gots,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2n
Agent Bint's reports on Vera Gots,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 2o
Perlustrated letter from Vera Gots,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIh, Folder 4
Reference: See outgoing telegram, March 16, 1903, on attempts
to arrest Gots in Italy, in XIIIb(2), folder 2
Index XVIIh, Folder 5
Reference: See outgoing telegram, September 11, 1906, report
that Gots is dead, in XIIIb(2), folder 4
Box 199
i. Boris Viktorovich Savinkov
Scope and Contents note
Boris Savinkov, Socialist Revolutionary terrorist, was a key figure
plotting the assassination of Minister of the Interior Pleve in 1904 and
of the Grand Duke Sergei Aleksandrovich in 1905, thereby gaining the
attention of the Okhrana, which continued throughout his revolutionary
career abroad, despite the fact that his importance as a revolutionary
terrorist dwindled considerably after the two assassinations mentioned
above.
The dispatches in the last folder of this series give accounts of the
changes that took place in this Savinkov. Once a ruthless schemer of
assassinations, he first lost his fervor in drinking and reckless
living. When sobering up, he became opposed to terror as a revolutionary
method and when the war came he practically broke away from
revolutionary activities by engaging in war correspondence.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 362-365
Index XVIIi, Folder 1
Dispatches, notes, and reports on Savinkov,
1904-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 362
Index XVIIi, Folder 2a
Okhrana circular on Savinkov's background
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2b
Agent Fehrenbach's report on Savinkov,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2c
Savinkov's police record,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2d
Savinkov working in Tiflis,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2e
Savinkov located in Tiflis,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2f
Report in German on the arrival of Savinkov in Copenhagen
from Finland,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2g
Report on Savinkov in Paris, perlustrated letters, including
letter from his mistress breaking off their relationship,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2h
Agent Durin's surveillance reports on Savinkov from Paris,
Villefranche, and Genoa,
1908-1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2i
Savinkov and his mistress, Evgeniia Somova, in
Paris,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2j
Savinkov's withdrawal from revolutionary work,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2k
Savinkov's trip to Brussels,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2l
Report on difficulties maintaining surveillance over
Savinkov,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2m
Incident between Savinkov and Okhrana surveillance
agent,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2n
Official Okhrana circulars on Savinkov, one with a
photograph,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2o
Okhrana's interest in Savinkov's mother,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2p
Physical description of Savinkov,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2q
Savinkov's suspicions of provocation in the Socialist
Revolutionary Party,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2r
Incident involving false information on Savinkov's presence
in Frankfurt,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2s
Savinkov's trip to Berlin and re-entry into the Fighting
Unit,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2t
Letter from Savinkov to his wife Vera in St.
Petersburg,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2u
Savinkov's sudden departure from Paris,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2v
Revolutionaries collecting money to organize the
assassination of the Tsar and Stolypin,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2w
Agent Andre's surveillance reports on Savinkov in
Monte-Carlo,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2x
Agent Pouchot's surveillance reports on Savinkov,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2y
Agent Robail's surveillance reports on Savinkov
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 2z
Agent Lecointe's surveillance reports on Boris and Sofiia
Savinkov
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 3a
Report on Savinkov and other top terrorists,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 363
Index XVIIi, Folder 3b
Surveillance reports by Vogt and Lecointe on Sofiia Savinkov
at Menton,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 364
Index XVIIi, Folder 3c
Okhrana circular with Savinkov's physical
description,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 364
Index XVIIi, Folder 3d
Agent Bittard-Monin's reports on Savinkov,
1910-1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3e
Agent Aubert's surveillance of Savinkov,
1910-1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3f
Savinkov and entourage at Monte-Carlo,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3g
Savinkov's contacts and activities,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3h
Savinkov's withdrawal from the Fighting Unit,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3i
Report on preparations to keep Savinkov under constant
surveillance,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3j
Letter from Savinkov to his wife in Paris about family
matters,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3k
Correspondence between Savinkov in Théoule and Kolosov in
Cavi di Lavagna,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3l
Note and drafts in Savinkov's handwriting,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3m
Draft letter in Savinkov's handwriting to
Fundaminskii,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3n
Savinkov's stay in Paris,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3o
Mme. Richard's surveillance reports on Savinkov,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3p-q
Agent Fontaine's reports on Savinkov,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3r
Agent Vogt's reports from Cannes and San Remo,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3s
Agent Sauvard's reports on Savinkov and Somova in Paris and
Cannes,
1910-1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3t
Savinkov-Malmberg's salvaged correspondence,
1911-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3u
Natanson as Savinkov's adversary,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3v
Agent Barthes's surveillance reports from San
Remo,
1912-1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3w
Savinkov's opposition to terrorism,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3x
Report on the techniques used to maintain surveillance over
Savinkov,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3y
Two samples of Savinkov's handwriting,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 3z
Two personal letters,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 4a
Agent Delangle's surveillance reports from Nice,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 4b
Dispatch and three letters by Savinkov,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 4c
Agent Bint's surveillance reports from Paris,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 4d
Reports on Savinkov's activities,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 4e
Savinkov as a war correspondent,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIi, Folder 6
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 85, May 13, 1904, in
which Savinkov is reported in Russia, in XIIIc(2), folder
4
Index XVIIi, Folder 7
Reference: See circulars on Savinkov's fellow conspirators,
1909-1912, in XVIb(4), folder 4
Index XVIIi, Folder 7
Reference: See incoming telegram no. 294, March 20, 1909,
with instructions for strict surveillance of Savinkov, in XIIIc(3),
folder 28
Box 200
j. Roman Malinovskii
Scope and Contents note
Roman Malinovskii was a Tsarist police agent and a Bolshevik
representative in the Duma who subsequently resigned from the Duma and
went to Germany in 1914. The documents yielded by the Okhrana Archives
on Malinovskii cover the period from December 1913 to August 1914 and
consist of copies of two intercepted letters to Malinovskii, one
intercepted letter mentioning him, and a number of dispatches on his
resignation from the Duma and presence in Paris and on the accusations
of provocation leveled against him by the Social Democratic faction.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIj, Folder 1
Dispatches and Malinovskii's intercepted
correspondence,
1913-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Box 200
k. Aleksandr Antonovich Troianovskii
Scope and Contents note
Aleksandr Troianovskii joined the revolutionary movement in 1902 and the
Russian Social Democratic Workers Party in 1904. He was exiled to
Siberia in 1909, escaping abroad in 1910. He joined the RSDWP Central
Committee and attended the 1912 congress in Basel as a delegate. The
documents on Troianovskii consist of copies of intercepted letters to
Troianovskii along with dispatches on his background and activities.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIk, Folder 1
Dispatches concerning Troianovskii and intercepted letters
addressed to him,
1913-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Box 200
l. Meer Wallach (Maksim Litvinov)
Scope and Contents note
Maksim Litvinov (Wallach, "Papasha," "Feliks") became a member of the
Social Democratic Party in 1898. He traveled throughout Europe and was a
key figure in the attempts by the revolutionaries to change 500 ruble
bank notes obtained in the Tiflis holdup. Litvinov was also very active
in smuggling operations of the revolutionaries supplying revolutionaries
in Russia with weapons.
The documents on Litvinov are arranged in chronological order in both
folders and consist of outgoing and incoming dispatches as well as raw
reports from agents in the field. They cover Litvinov's gunrunning
activities, his attempts to exchange 500 ruble bank notes stolen in
Tiflis, and his involvement in a bomb-making workshop. Also included are
several copies of intercepted letters from Litvinov. On Litvinov's
participation in arms smuggling and "expropriation" banditries, also see
XXIVh and XXVc.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 1
Dispatches, notes and telegrams pertaining to Wallach
(Litvinov)
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2a
Wallach (Litvinov) in Russia,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2b
Methods of transferring money to Wallach (Litvinov) in Berlin
for the purchase of weapons,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2c
Letters from Wallach (Litvinov) concerning money for arms
purchases,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2d
Perlustrated and transcribed letters,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2e
Letters from Wallach (Litvinov) in Brussels on arms
smuggling,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2f
Letters from Litvinov on the purchase of arms to smuggle into
Russia,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2g
Departure for St. Petersburg to raise 30,000 marks for
arms,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2h
Case of security violation in handling information about
Litvinov,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2i
Litvinov's activities in Vienna and Bulgaria,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2j
Report of the Berlin police chief on Wallach
(Litvinov),
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2k
Plans to go to St. Petersburg and Moscow,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2l
Wallach's (Litvinov's) role in changing 500 ruble bank notes
stolen in the Tiflis robbery and attempts by the Russian government
to extradite him to France,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2m
Deportation of Wallach (Litvinov) from France to
England,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2n
Reports from London Okhrana agents on Litvinov as a German
spy,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2o
Litvinov's wartime activities in London,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 2p
Draft report on Litvinov as a German spy,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIl, Folder 4
Reference: For a report on Litvinov's talks with Krassin on
counterfeiting bank notes, 1907, see XXVc, folder 2L
Box 200
m. Leonid Borisovich Krasin
Scope and Contents note
This collection includes three circulars issued by Headquarters, with
photographs, personal data and the revolutionary record of Leonid Krasin
("Nikitich"), dispatches, and a note in German with his address in
Zellendorf, near Berlin.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIm, Folder 1
Okhrana circulars on Krasin ("Nikitich") with photograph,
report on general background, and request for
surveillance,
1909, 1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIm, Folder 2
Krasin's address in Berlin
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIm, Folder 3
Request to interrogate "Nikitich," arrested in Moscow, but
not to expose secret agentura abroad,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIm, Folder 4
Identification of Social Democrat "Vadim" (Postalovskii) as
equal in importance to Nikitich,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIm, Folder 5
Report on Krasin in Paris,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 365
Index XVIIm, Folder 7
Reference: For reprot on Litvinov's talks with Krasin on
counterfeiting bank notes, 1907, see XXVc, folder 2L
Boxes 200-201
n. Other important revolutionaries
Scope and Contents note
This collection is a continuation of the separate file kept by the
Okhrana on revolutionaries whose activities warranted, at one time or
another, special watchfulness. Of significance in this collection are
the mimeographed Headquarters circulars giving a biographic account of
these individuals and their political and police records. Many of the
circulars also attach photographs. Two bound collections of the
circulars are enclosed in Folder 8, together with indices of names.
The entire set in Folders 1 to 6 is arranged in alphabetical order,
with the names listed in the inventory of contents.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 366-368
Circulars and reports in alphabetical order
Index XVIIn, Folder 1
A-F
Access
Available on microfilm reel 366
Scope and Contents note
Includes Agabekov, Akselrod, Akshtein, Akulov, Aleksinskii,
Andrikanis, Argunov, Avksentiev, Babaev, von Bach, Balivich,
Bartenev, Berdo, Bernstein, Birzhishko, Borisov, Braginskii,
Breshkovskaia, Buchholtz, Butkevich, Bychkovskii, Cherevanin,
Chernenkov, Cherniavskii, Chernov (Vladimir), Chicherin,
Chichinadze, Chkheidze, Deich (Deutsch), Dekabrev, Denisenko,
Denisov, Dombrovskii, Donskoi, Dubrovinskii, Durko, Elanchik,
Fabrikant, Fedorov, Feit, Figner,Frolenko, and Fundaminskii.
Index XVIIn, Folder 2
G-K
Access
Available on microfilm reel 366
Scope and Contents note
Includes Gavronskaia, Galkin, Galperin, Gedeonovskii, Gershuni,
Glotov, Goguelia, Goldsmith, Gonecki, Gurvich, Igaev, Il'in,
Iogikhes, Ionov, Izbitskii, Karskii, Karpovich, Khovrin,
Klimova, Kochetkova, Koigen, Kollontai, Komorskii, Kopel'zon,
Kovalenko, Kozlova, Kropotkin, Kudriavstev, and Kukhranov.
Index XVIIn, Folder 3
L
Access
Available on microfilm reel 367
Scope and Contents note
Includes Lagunov, Lanne, Lazarev, Lebedev, Lechenev, Leder,
Levin, Listov, Liubin, Lopatin, Lorinskii, Lukanov (see also
Lechenev), Lunacharskii (Lunacharsky), and Lunkevich.
Index XVIIn, Folder 4
M-P
Access
Available on microfilm reel 367
Scope and Contents note
Includes Maksimov, Malantovich, Malinovskii, Malstev, Mandelstam,
Mankovskii, Martov, Maslov, Mdivani, Medem, Meerovich, Meisner,
Menkes, Medvednikov, Mikelson, Mikhalkovskii, Minor, Moiseenko,
Mokhov, Molochnikov, Mrost, Nakhamkis, Natanson, Naumov,
Nesterovskii, Nikol'skaia, Nosar', Nudel'man, Ovsiannikov,
Ozol', Pelipeiko, Piker, Podwicki, Poletaev, Popov, Portnov,
Potapov, Potresov, and Povilus.
Index XVIIn, Folder 5
R-S
Access
Available on microfilm reel 368
Scope and Contents note
Includes Rabinovich, Rakhmilevich, Rakitnikov, Ramishvili,
Rikhter, Rosenblum, Rozenfeld, Rubanovich, Sasha(?), Seiliger,
Seliuk, Sereda, Serezhnikov, Shantser, Shapiro, Shestakov,
Shishkin, Shishko, Shliapnikov, Shtammer, Shuliatikov, Shweidt,
Sissoev (Sysoev), Skipotis, Skrypnik, Sklowski, Sladkopevtsev,
Slepov, Sletov, Sokolov, Solomonovich, Soskis, Speranskii,
Starynkevich, Starosel'skii, and Stiglis.
Index XVIIn, Folder 6
T-Z
Access
Available on microfilm reel 368
Scope and Contents note
Includes Teplov, Tkachenko, Todorov, Troitskii, Ulianov
(Aleksandr), Vedeniapin, Viazmenskii, Vichenko, Vladimirov,
Vnorovskii, Volkhovskoi, Yanulaitis (Janulaitis), Yudelevskii
(Iudelevskii), Zagorskii, Zamiatin, Zasulich, Zenzinov, and
Zhitomirskii.
Index XVIIn, Folder 7
Dispatches pertaining to important
revolutionaries
Access
Available on microfilm reel 368
Scope and Contents note
Each document refers to two or more persons.
Index XVIIn, Folder 8
Biographic briefs on important revolutionaries
Access
Available on microfilm reel 368
Scope and Contents note
In two bound volumes, these briefs are mainly duplicates of circulars
found in XVIIn, folders 1-6, although some do not appear in other
collections. Each volume includes an index.
Index XVIIn, Folder 9
Lists of revolutionaries marked for intense
surveillance,
1909-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 368
Index XVIIn, Folder 11
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 34, 1903, on
Gershuni's arrest in Kiev, in XIIIc(2), folder 2
Index XVIIn, Folder 12
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 81, 1905, on
Breshkovskaia's arrival in Russia, in XIIIc(2), folder 4
Index XVIIn, Folder 13
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 103, 1905, reporting
that Sletov was arrested attempting to go to Russia, in XIIIc(2),
folder 4
Index XVIIn, Folder 14
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 147, 1905, on
terrorist Goguelia in Geneva, in XIIIc(2), folder 6
Box 201
o. Counter-intelligence of the revolutionaries (to penetrate the
Okhrana)
Scope and Contents note
This folder contains documents (intercepted letters and dispatches) on
suspected revolutionary counter-intelligence agents Trushkovskii,
Zaleski, Sychev, and Bessel. However, the bulk of material on
revolutionary penetration of the Okhrana is located in XXIVc.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIo, Folder 1
Dispatches, intercepted letters, and photographs,
1895-1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Scope and Contents note
Topics include the Trushkovskii case, false information on plans to
assassinate the Tsar by Zalesskii, movement of vessels in European
ports, rumors that Burtsev's archives were stolen, and associates of
agent Permiak.
Box 201
p. Preparation for staging the revolution
Scope and Contents note
This subject file contains incoming and outgoing dispatches pertaining to
revolutionary maneuvers in preparation for the revolution in Russia,
covering the period from 1902-1916. The file also includes a printed
Okhrana circular on revolutionary preparations in St. Petersburg (April
1916).
Access
Available on microfilm reels 369-370
Index XVIIp, Folder 1a
Exposure of Weise, consular employee, as a revolutionary
collaborator,
1902
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1b
Report of a Russian battleship commander about suspicious
vessels encountered near Skagen,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1c
Letter from a Bund representative in Berlin with a telegram
from Durnovo to the Kiev police chief ordering the execution of
revolutionaries,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1d
Dispatch containing an intercepted revolutionary telegram
giving new orders,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1e
On Lopukhin's whereabouts in Europe,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1f
Note that three fighting detachments were kept from leaving
Russia because Burtsev knew of plans to arrest them,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1g
Revolutionary police in Paris,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1h
Propaganda for touring teachers from Russia,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1i
Revolutionary plans to kidnap Okhrana Chief
Garting
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1j
Reports about Burtsev's operations,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1k
On "Ivanov," who exposed 40 Okhrana provocateurs in
Europe,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1l
Secret agent Simanov to be exposed in Russia,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1m
Burtsev's attempts to reveal the composition of the Paris
Okhrana staff and agents,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1n
Bureau of Prisoners of War in Lausanne,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1o
Dissemination of communist propaganda among prisoners of
war,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1p
Preparations for an uprising in the army,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Index XVIIp, Folder 1q
Situation report on revolutionary preparations in St.
Petersburg,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Boxes 201-205, 242
r. Revolutionary press
Scope and Contents note
The extensive collection on the revolutionary press abroad contains no
full collection of any of the periodical publications but a good
sampling of all. It was a standard intelligence collection requirement
to dispatch to Headquarters, in multiple copies, all hostile
publications; and the copies of the weekly letters of transmittal of
printed matter would indicate that the emphasis was on supplying the
home office rather than retaining all the samples in Paris.
Folders 5 and 7 under this index contain numerous dispatches on the
revolutionary press in general, reviews of its growth and extent of
influence, friction caused by editorial policies, shifting political
influences, endless revolutionary polemics, and the like. Many of these
papers deal with individual publications, political controls, and the
development of Marxist editors. Ilia Erenburg is first mentioned among
these in a dispatch of 1910. The dispatches are arranged in a
chronological order, while the printed materials are listed individually
as to the numbers or dates of the issues included.
Boxes 201-205,
242
(1) Abroad
Access
Available on microfilm reels 369-374
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 1a
Budushchee,
1912-1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Scope and Contents note
Contains issues no. 40 and 44.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 1b
Darkest Russia,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Scope and Contents note
Contains vol. II, no. 77.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 1c
Dimineata,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Scope and Contents note
Contains no. 3763.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 1d
Free Russia,
1898,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Scope and Contents note
Contains vol. 9, no. 2 and an incomplete copy of October
1909.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 1e
Golos,
1914-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Scope and Contents note
Contains nos. 6-32, 35, 37-39, 43, 71-86, 91, 93-100, and
108.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 1f
Golos sotsialdemokrata (edition
for smuggling),
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Scope and Contents note
Nos. 1-2 and 4-5.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 2a
Golos truda,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Scope and Contents note
Contains nos. 1-17.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 2b
Golos truda
(cont'd.),
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 369
Scope and Contents note
Contains nos. 21, 24, 29-31, 33, 38, 40, 45, 46, 48, 49, 51,
55, and 59-61.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 3a
Il libertario,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Scope and Contents note
Contains nos. 491-492 and 494.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 3b
Listok,
1913 May
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 3c
Mysl',
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Scope and Contents note
Contains no. 13.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 3d
Nachalo,
1916-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Scope and Contents note
Contains nos. 14-15, 95, and 117.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 3e
Nash golos,
1914-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Scope and Contents note
Contains nos. 1-5 and 87.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 3f
Parizhskii vestnik,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 3g
Prizyv,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Scope and Contents note
Contains nos. 27, 32-33, 47, and 50.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 3h
Proletarii,
1908-1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Scope and Contents note
Contains nos. 36, 42-44, and 50. Some issues are printed on
tissue paper suitable for smuggling.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 3i
Russkii vestnik,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Scope and Contents note
Contains no. 126.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 3j
Sila i pravo,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Scope and Contents note
Contains no. 1.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 3k
Zagranichnie
otkliki
,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Scope and Contents note
Contains no. 22.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 4a
Zhizn' (Paris),
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Scope and Contents note
Contains nos. 1, 2, 4-38, and 41-62.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 4b
Zhizn' (Geneva),
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 370
Scope and Contents note
Contains nos. 3-7 and 26.
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 4c
Znamia truda
(Geneva),
1909-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Scope and Contents note
Contains nos. 1909-1914.
Pamphlets, leaflets, and other materials
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 4d
Doloi tsaria, by Vladimir
Burtsev, published in London,
1901
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 4e
Batumskaia Boinia by the
Socialist Revolutionaries,
1902
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 4f
Graf L.N. Tolstoi i rabochii
narod
,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 4g
Reprints from
Byloe in
pamphlet form,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 4h
Krest'ianskoe
zemlirasstroistvo
,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 4i
Appeal of the Socialist Revolutionary and Social
Democratic parties to Russian workers,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 4j
Clipping from the newspaper
Russkie vedomosti containing a review of a book
about Rasputin,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5a
Leaflets issued by anti-defeatists and
monarchists,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5b
Appeal to the Russian proletariat by the Geneva
Socialist Group marking the anniversary of January
9,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5c
Pour la Paix des
Peuples
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5d
Revoliutsionnie dni v
Petrograde
, by V. Chernov
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5e
Russian Free Press Fund pamphlets from
London,
1894
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5f
Vsem pnoteanym russkago
tsaria
,
1902
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5g
Editorial policy of
Free
Russia
in English and Russian,
1890
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5h
Russian Free Press Fund leaflets from
London,
1894
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5i
Report on plans to publish Russian revolutionary
propaganda in German in
Russische
Zustaénde
,
1895
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5j
Report on the organization of a "flying squad" to
deliver revolutionary propaganda to Russia,
1899
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5k
Headquarters request for more vigilance in
intercepting and reporting shipments of revolutionary
propaganda,
1900
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5l
Bulletins of various revolutionary groups,
1901-1902
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5m
Sionizm i interesy evreiskago
proletariata
(Zionism and Interests of the Hebrew
Proletariat),
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5n
Booklets and pamphlets in Yiddish published by
Abraham Nathanson in London,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5o
Iskra, vol. III, no.
54
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5p
Report on anarchist plans to publish an "Anarchist
Almanac" in Geneva,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 5q
Various dispatches concerning publications and
editors,
1907-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 371
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6a
Dispatches on the revolutionary periodicals
Golos,
Mysl', and
Nashe
slovo
,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6b
Roster of members of the editorial board of the Paris
newspaper
Mysl'
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6c
Dispatches on the publication and closing of the
Paris newspaper
Mysl',
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6d
Report on the newspapers
Nashe
slovo
and
Zhizn',
published in the place of
Golos
and
Mysl',
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6e
Report on the Paris newspaper
Nashe ekho,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6f
Report on the Paris newspaper
L'Echo de Russie,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6g
Report on the newspaper
Zhizn',
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6h
French translation of Martov's article in
Le noveau monde,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6i
Survey of contents of the revolutionary
press,
1915-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6j
Headquarters survey of revolutionary publications
abroad,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6k
Report on the closing of the New York newspaper
Volia,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6l
Report explaining the closure of the New York
newspaper
Golos
truda
,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6m
History of the newspapers
Nashe
slovo
,
Golos, and
other émigré newspapers in French,
1915-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6n
Brief on the Russian revolutionary press in
Paris,
1915-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6o
Report on
Nashe
slovo
,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6p
Report in French on the revolutionary press abroad to
the Army General Staff,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6q
On the banning of the revolutionary daily
Nashe slovo as a pro-German
newspaper,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6r
Nachalo (Paris daily), vol. 1,
no. 69,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6s
Reports from
Nashe
slovo
, edited by Trotsky, proving that the paper is
pro-German,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6t
List of the collaborators of the newspaper
Golos in Paris,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6u
Lists of revolutionary publications up to
1913,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6v
Leaflet,
Chto delaietsia v
Sibiri?
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 6w
List of Social Democratic publications until
1900
Access
Available on microfilm reel 372
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 7
Dispatches, notes, and reports pertaining to the
revolutionary press abroad,
1886-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reels 372-374
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 8
List of revolutionary publications,
1912-1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 374
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 9
V pomoshch,
1910-1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 374
Scope and Contents note
Includes nos. 1 (in Yiddish) and 3-5 (in Russian).
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 10
The Worker's Friend,
1915 March-July
Access
Available on microfilm reel 374
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 11
Materialy dlia istorii russkogo
Sotsial'no Revolutiutsionnogo dvizheniia
,
Geneva,
1896
Access
Available on microfilm reel 374
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 12
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 13
Reference: See the operational card index file for a
list of revolutionary and other publications
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 14
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 15
Reference: See letters from London with French
translations from
Free Russia,
The Anglo-Russian, and
other pro-revolutionary newspapers, 1891-1902, in
XIIIa
Index XVIIr(1), Folder 16
Reference: See agent Farce's reports from London,
1901-1906, for French translations of articles in
Free Russia and other
publications, in VIk, folder 23
Box 242
Various oversize material
Box 205
(2) In Russia
Scope and Contents note
The batch of dispatches in this folder relates mostly to intercepted
letters of the revolutionaries, discussing the underground press in
various parts of Russia. No examples of clandestine publications are
included. The collection of printed materials at the end of the
folder carries dates after the termination of the Okhrana. These
posters and leaflets with Lenin's and Trotsky's proclamations must
have been added to the files by the Investigation Commission of
1917-1918.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1a
Documents (mostly dispatches on intercepted letters)
pertaining to the revolutionary press in Russia,
1899-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1b
Letter from Kiev to Switzerland describing a primitive
mimeographing method,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1c
Clandestine printing shop in Warsaw,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1d
Letter from Kiev to Elsa Beer in Vienna on the effect of
Social Democratic propaganda on industrial workers in
Russia,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1e
Publication of the Moscow Social Democratic periodical
Proletariat,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1f
Plans of Bilit, Argunov, Voronov, and others to publish
revolutionary periodical in Baku,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1g
Irkutsk Social Democratic organ
Sibir',
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1h
Poster titled "Land Law" signed by the Chairman of the
Council of Peoples' Commissars Vladimir,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1i
Poster issued by the Military-Revolutionary Committee
concerning supplies for front-line troops,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1j
"Down with the Bolsheviks," an article published by the
Petersburg Regional Committee of Bolsheviks condemning their
opposition
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1k
"An die deutschen Soldaten," a leaflet signed by Ulianov
(Lenin) and Trotsky
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1l
"Decree for Peace," a leaflet in Belorussian (Belarusian)
adopted at a session of the All-Russia Meeting of Workers,
Peasants, and Soldiers Deputies Council,
1917 October 26
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1m
Tolstoy's short play
Ot nei vse
kachestva
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1n
Political cartoon
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 1o
Mir narodov in German
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Scope and Contents note
Nos. 1 and 3 of the periodical published by the Council of
Workers, Soldiers, and Peasants' Deputies in St. Petersburg for
distribution among German troops.
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 3
Reference: See the operational card index file for a list
of revolutionary and other publications in Russia and
abroad
Index XVIIr(2), Folder 4
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 113, November 25,
1904, on the organization of a large underground printing plant
by the Russian Socialist Democratic Workers Party in Odessa, in
XIIIc(2), folder 4
Box 205
s. Liaison with European and American revolutionaries
Scope and Contents note
The earliest documents in these folders date back to 1893. It is evident,
however, that liaison of Russians with various Western revolutionaries
had existed for many preceding years. The philosophic and ideological
background for the movement was Western; and the contacts furnished
considerable material and political support. All this concerned the
Okhrana abroad. In addition to engaging the leftist press of France and
all other European countries, the Russian revolutionaries also succeeded
in gaining support from the liberal and leftist parliamentarians of
France, Italy, another countries. Added to the attacks in the press,
propaganda was channeled through parliamentary interpellations to the
general public.
These papers give also the proceedings of the various international
conferences of the Socialists, Russian attendance and liaison, a report
on the French "Confédération générale du travail," and a review, in
long-hand, of George Kennan's association with the Russian
revolutionaries.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 376
Index XVIIs, Folder 1
Documents pertaining to Russian revolutionary liaison with
European revolutionaries,
1903-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIs, Folder 2
Specific cases involving liaison with British and French
revolutionaries; record of the French socialist defense of
Rips,
1893-1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 376
Index XVIIs, Folder 3
Liaison with Swiss and Belgian revolutionaries;
Bittard-Monin's report on the connection between Russian
revolutionaries and the French press; reports on Russian socialists
in America; on Bulgarian revolutionaries; the Internationale
Sozialistische Kommission zu Bern,
1911-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 376
Index XVIIs, Folder 4
Report in French on the Confédération générale du travail;
pacifist movements among European socialists and Social
Democrats,
1903-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 376
Box 205
t. Access to the foreign press
Scope and Contents note
The file contains documents covering the period from 1894 to 1917. On the
whole, the Russian revolutionaries abroad had comparatively easy access
to the foreign press through some of their most articulate
representatives such as Burtsev, Gorky, Bakai, Agafonov, Savinkov, and
Viktor Chernov. The bulk of material planted by Russian revolutionaries
in the foreign periodical press dealt with sensational exposes of
conditions in Russia. Burtsev utilized the foreign press for the purpose
of rousing public opinion and governmental interest in the existence of
Russian secret police in France, the background of Okhrana Chief
Garting, and the famous leader of a revolutionary fighting organization,
Evno Azef. The foreign press was also used to arouse public opinion
during the Rips and Beilis trials. It is also revealed that the
revolutionaries used such newspapers as the
New
York Times
and the New York
American in their propaganda campaigns in this country. The
press in Italy, Britain, America, Germany, and Switzerland was exploited
for revolutionary purposes. The documents found in the Okhrana archives
on the revolutionary access to the foreign press indicate that this was
a source of perpetual concern and harassment to the Okhrana. (Also see
Index Numbers XXIVe, XXVIIa, and XXVIIb for information on this
subject.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIt, Folder 1
Dispatches concerning revolutionary use of the foreign press;
Russian translations of Burtsev's articles in the French press;
report on Burtsev's plan for a press campaign against the Russian
police; press used by French socialists during the Rips trial; list
of newspaper clippings in the Okhrana archives,
1894-1917
Box 205
u. Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili (Joseph Stalin)
Scope and Contents note
The documents on Dzhugashvili (Chapur, Koba, Soso, Stalin) found in the
Okhrana archives cover the period from 1911-1912 and consist of four
official Okhrana reports on Dzhugashvili, an Okhrana circular on that
individual, and a copy of an intercepted letter from Stalin in exile to
Moscow.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIu, Folder 1
Four Okhrana background reports on Dzhugashvili (Stalin), one
circular, and a copy of an intercepted letter from Dzhugashvili
(Stalin), in exile, to Moscow,
1911-1912
Boxes 205-207
XVIII. Revolutionary groups of national minorities of the Russian
Empire
Boxes 205-206
a. The Jewish Bund
Scope and Contents note
The Russian Jewish leftist party, the Bund, was both Marxist and
nationalist, hence popular among the Jewish working class. Its close
ties with Jewish workers in Western Europe, the United States, and
Canada brought the activities of this party under constant surveillance
by the Paris Okhrana.
Folders 1 and 2 contain 317 dispatches exchanged between
Headquarters and the Paris Office intelligence on the Bund leaders,
their movements and activities, and intercepted letters, which gave the
Okhrana inside information on the Bund's growing popularity. The flow of
intercepted mail ebbed to a trickle in 1905 and the Paris Office had to
intensify surveillance, including the penetration of the Bund. There are
numerous documents pertaining to the Bund's publications (
Bund,
Arbeiterstimme,
Jewish Worker)
in Yiddish and Polish until 1906, when the Central Committee resolved to
issue only one daily newspaper.
Folders 3 and 4 include for the most part Paris reports on meetings,
conventions and contacts with the Russian Social Democratic Workers
Party. After the 4th Congress of the Jewish Workers' Union, the Jewish
proletariat and many students were under the ideological influence of
the Bund. The Zionist movement was not only opposed but even attacked by
the Bund as the "reaction of the bourgeoisie." The liquidation of the
Bund Central Committee in Russia in 1913 put the onus of surveillance of
the Central Bureau and the Party's Committee Abroad on the Paris Office.
Hence numerous detailed reports on meetings and all activities of the
Bund were dispatched to Headquarters after that date.
There is also a translation of John Radcliffe's publication, in which he
quotes a homily delivered by a "prominent rabbi" in 1916. A report
discusses the strongly pro-German speech made in January 1916 by V.
Kossovskii in the larger cities of Switzerland.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 375, 377-378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 1
Dispatches on the activities of the Bund and its leaders in
general and intercepted mail,
1902-1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 375
Index XVIIIa, Folder 2
Dispatches on the activities of the Bund and its leaders in
general and intercepted mail (cont'd.),
1913-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3a
Resolutions of the 4th General Jewish Trade Union in Russia
and Poland,
1901
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3b
Intelligence summary giving the organization principles of
the Bund,
1902
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3c
Transfer of the Bund's printing shop from London to
Geneva,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3d
Report on Kokochinskii,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3e
International society of Bund representatives in Basel
engaged in purchasing landowners' estates in Russia,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3f
Activities of the Amalgamated Organization of Workers'
"Fereins,"
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3g
Circular letter no. 111 of the Central Bureau of Workers'
"Ferein" groups,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3h
Circular letter of the Amalgamated Organization of Workers'
"Fereins,"
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3i
Okhrana chart of the structure of the Bund,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3j
Roster of members of the Bund Central Committee,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3k
Report on a Bund conference in Lemberg,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3l
Eighth Conference of the Bund (RSDWP),
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3m
Report of the Warsaw Committee of the Bund to the Central and
Foreign Committees,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3n
Review of revolutionary activities in Switzerland,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3o
Roster of members of the Foreign Committee of the Bund in
Geneva,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3p
Expanded meeting of the Bund Central Committee in
Warsaw,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3q
Report on the current state of affairs of the
Bund,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3r
Bund in New York: committee for a fund-raising
drive,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3s
Report on current activities of the Bund,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3t
Bund activity in various cities in the Russian
empire,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3u
Resolution of the Bund Central Committee Abroad,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3v
Vienna Conference of the Central and Foreign
Committees,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3w
Ninth Bund Conference in Vienna,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3x
Operations of the Amalgamated Organization of Workers'
"Fereins,"
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3y
Circular letter no. 145 of the Amalgamated Organization of
Workers' "Fereins,"
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 3z
Circular letter no. 147 of the Amalgamated Organization of
Workers' "Fereins"
Access
Available on microfilm reel 377
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4a
Circular letter no. 148 of the Amalgamated Organization of
Workers' "Fereins"
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4b
Expanded conference of the Central and Foreign Committees in
Vienna,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4c
Current political activities of the Bund,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4d
Circular letter no. 150 of the Amalgamated Workers'
"Fereins,"
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4e
Circular letter of the Amalgamated Workers'
"Fereins,"
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4f
Geneva conference of the Central Bureau of the Amalgamated
Workers' "Fereins,"
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4g
Circular letter no. 152 of the Amalgamated Workers'
"Fereins,"
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4h
Bund on the Beilis trial,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4i
Circular letter no. 155 of the Amalgamated Workers'
"Fereins,"
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4j
Revolutionaries in Belgium,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4k
Ninth Conference of the Amalgamated Organization of Workers'
"Fereins" in Geneva,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4l
Circular letter no. 156 of the Amalgamated Organization of
Workers' "Fereins,"
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4m
Conference of United Jewish Unions abroad,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4n
Circular letter no. 157 of the Amalgamated Organization of
Workers' "Fereins"
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4o
Circular letter no. 159 of the Amalgamated Organization of
Workers' "Fereins,"
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4p
Bund organizations in Russia,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4q
Boston conference of the Jewish Socialist
Federation,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4r
Formation of the Jewish-Socialist Agitation Committee in New
York,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4s
Socialist Revolutionary P. Rutenberg sent to America to
convene a Jewish congress,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4t
Geneva Conference of the Bund Foreign Committee,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4u
Text of a sermon allegedly delivered by a rabbi on the
destiny of the Jews,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4v
Current activities of the Bund,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4w
Bund Committee Abroad's report at the 2nd International
Socialist Congress at Kienthal,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 4x
Bund organizations abroad,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 5
Pamphlets, newspaper clippings, agent reports, and mail
referring to Bund publications and activities
Access
Available on microfilm reel 378
Index XVIIIa, Folder 7
Reference: See operational card index file for references to
the Bund
Index XVIIIa, Folder 8
Reference: See "Review of Parties Affiliated with the Russian
Social Democratic Workers' Party" in XVIb(60, folder 1
Index XVIIIa, Folder 9
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 8, 1902, on
resolutions of the 5th Bund Conference, in XIIIc(2), folder
1
Box 206
b. The Zionist movement
Scope and Contents note
The Zionist movement started in Poland in 1897 and spread rapidly
throughout the world. Its prime aim being the awakening of national
pride among Jews and its final goal the regaining of Palestine by the
Jews, the movement gained the support of wealthy Jews of Western
European countries and the United States. The Paris Okhrana surveiled at
close quarters the activities of Zionists outside Russia, their
meetings, publications, and leaders.
The documents in Folder 1 include a report on the formation in London
of a progressive group called the Zionist-Socialists (1901), which
cooperated with the Russian Social Democratic Workers Party; a report on
currents existing within the Zionist organization; a report in August
1913 on the formation of the "World Union of Jews," initiated at
Frankfurt-am-Main and recruiting members from among wealthy Jews and
intellectuals; a report on the Poale Zion Congress in Cracow in October
1913; and a lengthy dispatch to Headquarters in January 1915 informing
on Germans seeking contacts with Zionist leaders in Berlin and Cologne,
promising the liberation of Jews in Russia and Poland and help for
Palestine by a victorious Germany against Jewish cooperation in
defeating the Allies; reports on the activities of the Zionists in the
international field, especially in the United States; report on the
Zionist student organisation Gehaver; and numerous circulars issued by
Headquarters.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIb, Folder 1
Dispatches concerning the Zionist movement and its leaders,
conferences, Zionist Socialists, Po'alei Zion, Agudos Israel,
etc.,
1901-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIb, Folder 2a
Miscellaneous papers, circulars, and reports on the Zionist
movement,
1897-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIb, Folder 2b
Zionism and the Jewish labor movement, an Okhrana brief for
the use of its officers and agents,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIb, Folder 2c
Basel conference of Zionist delegates from Russia prior to
the opening of the 10th Zionist Congress,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIb, Folder 2d
Report on the 10th Zionist Congress in Basel,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIb, Folder 2e
Circular report on the 11th Congress in Vienna,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIb, Folder 2f
Report on the pro-German tendency in Zionism,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIb, Folder 2g
Circular on the Zionist organization Gehaver,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIb, Folder 2h
Circular on the All-Russian Zionist Congress in
Moscow,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIb, Folder 2i
Proposed congress of Zionists in New York,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIb, Folder 2j
Zionist organization Gehaver,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIb, Folder 4
Reference: See the operational card index file for references
to Zionist organizations
Box 206
c. Jewish émigré problems for Russian security abroad
Scope and Contents note
All Jewish organizations, whether at home or abroad, created problems for
the Russian authorities, due to the vast contacts they had with the
world's Jewish circles. The pogroms and deportations of Jews and the
much publicized Beilis case had caused reaction abroad supported by many
Jewish revolutionaries emigrating from Russia. All this was placing the
Russian government under constant fire of criticism and demanded a keen
vigilance from the Paris Okhrana. The file consists of four folders
containing dispatches exchanged between Okhrana Headquarters and the
Paris Office, miscellaneous documents, copies of
The Worker's Friend and copies of
V
Pomoshch.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIc, Folder 1
Incoming and outgoing dispatches,
1898-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIc, Folder 2
Jewish propaganda pamphlets and statutes of Jewish student
associations,
1889-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIc, Folder 3
Newspaper clippings on the Beilis trial
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIc, Folder 4
Issues of
The Workers' Friend,
published in London, and
V
pomoshch
,
1905-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 379
Index XVIIIc, Folder 6
Reference: See Agent Farce's reports from London, 1902-1906,
in VIK, folder 23
Index XVIIIc, Folder 7
Reference: See booklets and pamphlets in Yiddish, London,
1903, in XVIIr(1)
Box 207
d. Activities in America: finances for Jewish
movements
Scope and Contents note
Jewish immigrants from Russia, especially those of leftist affiliations,
organized the Russian-Jewish Revolutionary Union in New York as early as
1899. They sought both moral and financial support for the similar
movement in their former homeland. Bund activities in the United States
preceded other Jewish activities, and in April 1914 the Federation of
Jewish Socialist Workers, organized by emissaries of the Russian Social
Democratic Workers Party, counted 92,000 members.
Conditions created by World War I permitted the Jewish groups of all
political orientations to intensify their activities, and Okhrana
agents, supplied detailed information on movements of Jewish leaders and
publica- tions and the work of their organizations. Among numerous
reports, there are references to money received by two Jewish editors
from the Germans for an anti-Russian propaganda campaign (April 1915),
plans for the formation of a Jewish Legion for the occupation of
Palestine (August 1915) and a congress of American Zionists in Boston
(August 1916).
Access
Available on microfilm reels 379-380
Index XVIIId, Folder 1
Dispatches, notes, and intercepted mail,
1899-1916
Index XVIIId, Folder 2a
Jewish Socialist Labor Federation in New York,
1914
Index XVIIId, Folder 2b
Agent Bint's report on the foundation of a National Jewish
League in New York,
1915
Index XVIIId, Folder 2c
Philadelphia conference of the Jewish Socialist Federation in
America,
1915
Index XVIIId, Folder 2d
National Workers Conference in New York,
1915
Index XVIIId, Folder 2e
Bund conference in honor of A. Litvin,
1915
Index XVIIId, Folder 2f
New York Bund meeting in memory of "Bloody
Sunday,"
1915
Index XVIIId, Folder 4
Reference: See the operational card index file for references
to Jewish organizations in America and Europe
Boxes 207-209
XIX. Polish revolutionaries
Scope and Contents note
The Polish revolutionaries were organized mainly in the Social Democratic
Party of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania, which cooperated closely with
the Russian Social Democratic Workers Party. Until their center of
activities was transferred from the Kingdom of Poland to Galicia, the P.S.P.
activities were under the surveillance of the Warsaw Okhrana. As the leaders
fled abroad (London, 1895), they became targets of the Paris Okhrana.
Prior to World War I, there were no important centers of Polish revolutionary
activities outside of Russian Poland and Austrian Galicia, although Polish
delegates attended conventions of the Russian Social Democratic Workers
Party abroad. It is the reports on these instances that make the Polish file
of the Paris Okhrana. During the war, the activities of Polish leftist and
conservative leaders were concentrated in Switzerland.
This collection is grouped roughly on early insurgents, the revolutionary
underground, and leaders. However, no clear-cut separation by topics is
possible, and the researcher in any phase of the Polish revolutionary
movement may find it necessary to consult all the folders under this
index.
The materials on early Polish revolutionaries are assembled mostly in Folders
Nos. 1 to 4, the first one presenting a comprehensive coverage of the
Padlewski case (the murder of General Seliverstov), and the subsequent ones
on Polish revolutionaries in London and Paris, including much confiscated
materials, letters and codes of 1890, and the reports of Polish agents of
the Okhrana.
The documents on Joézef Pilsudski and other important revolutionary leaders
are in Folders 5, 6, and 11. More material on the leaders can be culled
from Folders 10, 12, and 13, containing dispatches, circulars, and
other memoranda on Polish youth activities, student groups revolutionary and
terrorist organizations, etc.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 380-384
Index XIX, Folder 1
The Padlewski case (murder of General Seliverstov),
1890-1893
Access
Available on microfilm reel 380
Scope and Contents note
Includes newspaper clippings and a bound collection of documents
concerning the assassin and fellow conspirators.
Index XIX, Folder 2
Miscellaneous reports,
1889-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 380
Scope and Contents note
Topics include: individuals active in the Polish Socialist Party; Polish
émigrés in Paris; Polish revolutionaries in exile; revolutionary codes
confiscated from Rapaport's apartment; letters and code in Polish found
in Mendelsohn's apartment; notes on Petrova confiscated from Polish
revolutionaries; confiscated Reinstein papers; Stepanov's notes; notes
and code confiscated at Sawitski's arrest. Also includes a code book.
Index XIX, Folder 3
Letters in Polish,
1887-1890
Access
Available on microfilm reel 380
Scope and Contents note
Includes those confiscated from Mendelsohn's apartment.
Index XIX, Folder 4
Reports of Polish agents to the Okhrana in Paris,
1892-1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 380
Scope and Contents note
Reports by Wietrzyk and Bilewicz from London; Malankiewicz (Wierzbicki)
and Rzondtza (Gruszewski) from Paris; M. Rakowski ("Polish Azef"); and
an anonymous informer.
Index XIX, Folder 5
Circulars, dispatches and other materials on Pilsudski and other
Polish leaders,
1893-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 381
Scope and Contents note
Includes correspondence of the Grabski brothers in 1893.
Index XIX, Folder 6
Dispatches and other notes on Polish leaders concerning their
activities and contacts with Russian revolutionaries,
1891-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 381
Index XIX, Folder 7
Intercepted letters forward in dispatches to
Headquarters,
1894-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 382
Index XIX, Folder 8
Dispatches concerning Polish revolutionary and patriotic
publications,
1896-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 382
Index XIX, Folder 9
Polish issues in the foreign press: leaflets, clippings and
galley proofs
Access
Available on microfilm reel 382
Index XIX, Folder 10
Dispatches and other materials on Polish youth
activities,
1914-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 382
Scope and Contents note
Subjects include the Union of Polish Progressive Youth; Spojnia; Sokol
and Strzelec; Zycie in Lvov; Concordia in Leipzig; the Polish Alliance
of Revolutionary Youth; Independent Progressive Youth; Polonia in Munch;
the Polish Catholic League; and Polish children in Paris.
Index XIX, Folder 11
Activities of Polish leaders in the international field for
independent Poland,
1910-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 383
Scope and Contents note
Includes dispatches and circulars relating to political orientation of
Polish leaders and their actions in Allied and Central Powers camps.
Index XIX, Folder 12
Dispatches on Polish revolutionary organizations and the
independence movement,
1894-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reels 383-384
Scope and Contents note
Includes an 88-page summary prepared by Okhrana Headquarters in 1909.
Index XIX, Folder 13
Dispatches and notes on Polish terrorists, anarchists, and
socialists,
1894-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 384
Scope and Contents note
Includes materials on contacts between the Polish Socialist Party and the
Bund and a copy of
Bulletin juif from
January 1917.
Index XIX, Folder 14
Miscellaneous letters, books, and other materials,
1893-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 384
Scope and Contents note
Includes a drawing of a hand grenade, unidentified letters and notes,
copy of the
Illustrated Polish Weekly from
1915, stamps issued by the Polish Committee for Independence; and an
appeal in Russian for support of the Social Democratic Party from 1893.
Books include
Russisch-polnische
Beziehungen
(1893),
Czego chca?
socyaliséci?
(1902),
Syberya
(translation from Kennan); and
Listy
ulotne
. Newspapers include
Polonia
(no. 10, 1917);
Naprzód (nos. 31 and 51,
1904); and
Robotnicza Solidarnosc.
Index XIX, Folder 16
Reference: See the operational index file for references to
Polish national organizations
Index XIX, Folder 17
Reference: For a review of parties affiliated with the Russian
Social Democratic Workers' Party, 1910, see XVIb(6)
Index XIX, Folder 18
Reference: For intelligence summary no. 63, December 11, 1903,
for a survey of the Polish socialist movement in Galicia and elsewhere,
in XIIIc(2), folder 3
Index XIX, Folder 19
Reference: For intelligence summary no. 81, December 11, 1904, on
activities of the Polish organization Liga Narodowa, see XIIIc(2),
folder 4
Index XIX, Folder 20
Reference: For letters and raw reports from various agents in
London in French, Polish, and Russian )and particularly letters on
Dembski and others in the 1890s, see XIIIa
Index XIX, Folder 21
Reference: See Agent Farce's reports from London, 1902-1906, in
VIk, folder 23
Box 209
XX. Armenian groups
Scope and Contents note
The first mention of Armenian activity abroad appears in the Paris Okhrana
files in a draft report referring to "Young Armenia," a student organization
dating back to 1894 and to the existence of an Armenian Social Democratic
group in London. It underlines the characteristic feature of all Armenian
organizations, namely their prevailing nationalism, which Russian leftist
groups considered untimely and incongruous with the revolutionary cause. The
report also gives data on Armenian revolutionary publications (
Gaapara,
Gnchak,
Mshak,
Murcha), Armenian leaders active abroad and their contacts with
leftist elements, of Western Europe. Prince Viktor I. Nakashidze, an
anarchist, stands out as a strong supporter of the Armenian movement, as do
Mikhail Tsereteli, Georgii Dekanozi, Viktor Gogeliani, etc. Agent reports of
May 1907 give information on Georgians residing in Switzerland and Paris.
Reports from Headquarters send data on one of the most important Armenian
organizations -- the Dashnaktsutyun (Dashnakts'ut'iwn) -- and its leaders
(November 1907) publications (March 1908), and activities. Other reports in
this folder deal with the Droshakists, "Independent Georgia," Armenians in
Turkey, the Party of Unity and Progress, the Dashnaktsutyun by countries,
including America, Armenian student groups, terrorist plans, etc.
Folder 2 contains a collection of clippings on Turkish atrocities
committed against the Armenians, an Okhrana Headquarters brief on the
Caucasian revolutionary movement, a report on the Dashnaktsutyun congress in
Constantinople, Armenian revolutionary publications, resolutions adopted by
the Armenian Social Democratic Party "Gnchak," the student union of
Dashnakists in Paris and Berlin, and the agenda of the Vlllth Dashnaktsutyun
congress in Erzerum.
a. Organization and newspapers, nationalist and
socialist
Scope and Contents note
The first mention of Armenian activity abroad appears in the Paris
Okhrana files in a draft report referring to "Young Armenia," a student
organization dating back to 1894 and to the existence of an Armenian
Social Democratic group in London. It underlines the characteristic
feature of all Armenian organizations, namely their prevailing
nationalism, which Russian leftist groups considered untimely and
incongruous with the revolutionary cause. The report also gives data on
Armenian revolutionary publications (
Gaapara,
Gnchak,
Mshak,
Murcha),
Armenian leaders active abroad and their contacts with leftist elements,
of Western Europe. Prince Viktor I. Nakashidze, an anarchist, stands out
as a strong supporter of the Armenian movement, as do Mikhail Tsereteli,
Georgii Dekanozi, Viktor Gogeliani, etc. Agent reports of May 1907 give
information on Georgians residing in Switzerland and Paris. Reports from
Headquarters send data on one of the most important Armenian
organizations -- the Dashnaktsutyun (Dashnakts'ut'iwn) -- and its
leaders (November 1907) publications (March 1908), and activities. Other
reports in this folder deal with the Droshakists, "Independent Georgia,"
Armenians in Turkey, the Party of Unity and Progress, the Dashnaktsutyun
by countries, including America, Armenian student groups, terrorist
plans, etc.
Folder 2 contains a collection of clippings on Turkish atrocities
committed against the Armenians, an Okhrana Headquarters brief on the
Caucasian revolutionary movement, a report on the Dashnaktsutyun
congress in Constantinople, Armenian revolutionary publications,
resolutions adopted by the Armenian Social Democratic Party "Gnchak,"
the student union of Dashnakists in Paris and Berlin, and the agenda of
the Vlllth Dashnaktsutyun congress in Erzerum.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 385-386
Index XXa, Folder 1
Dispatches pertaining to Armenian revolutionary groups at
home and abroad,
1894-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reels 385-386
Index XXa, Folder 2
Briefs, reviews, reports and circulars for briefing on
Armenian revolutionary groups,
1909-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 386
Scope and Contents note
Includes reports on revolutionary parties in Caucasus (1909);
socialists in Georgia (1909); and Dashnak, Gnchak, and other groups
in various countries abroad.
Index XXa, Folder 4
Reference: See operational card index file for references to
the Dashnaktsutyun Party
Index XXa, Folder 5
Reference: For Agent Kaplun's reports on Georgians in
Switzerland, see IIIf, folder 21
Index XXa, Folder 6
Reference: For Agent Farce's reports from London, 1902-1906,
see VIk, folder 23
b. Intelligence in connection with Tiflis robbery
Scope and Contents note
The Tiflis robbery, a major, but only one of a series of revolutionary
operations, was obviously instigated from abroad by Litvinov, Krasin,
and other Leninists, while the attack itself was perpetrated by the
local Armenian and Georgian revolutionary terrorists. The first 22
documents in this collection are general or minor reports on this act of
"expropriation". The subsequent six reports relate to Litvinov's
participation, the arrest of ringleader Kamo in Berlin, and the
revolutionary attempts to place in circulation the 500 ruble bank notes
from the Tiflis holdup.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 386
Index XXb, Folder 1
Dispatches and notes relating to intelligence in connection
with the robbery by revolutionaries in Tiflis,
1905-1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 386
Index XXb, Folder 2
Reports on Litvinov's party of "expropriators," Kamo's arrest
in Berlin, a list of Armenian "expropriators," and revolutionaries
marketing stolen 500 ruble bank notes. Also includes clippings from
Bulgarian newspapers,
1906-1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 386
Box 209
XXI. Finnish revolutionaries
Scope and Contents note
In 1899 Headquarters instructed the Paris Office to surveil in London the
activity of the "Committee on Finland," presided over by Harold Perrot. From
this date on, Finnish matters, especially smuggling arms and clandestine
publications to Finland, continued to enter the agenda of the Paris Okhrana.
Folder 1 contains a general collection of intelligence dispatches on the
subject. The documents in Folder 2 deal with specific subjects: Konni
Zilliacus and the northern route for arms smuggling to Finland and Russia, a
brief on the political situation in Finland (1909), a circular about German
support of the Finnish independence movement, etc.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 386
Index XXI, Folder 1
Dispatches pertaining to Finnish revolutionary
activities,
1899-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 386
Index XXI, Folder 2
Miscellaneous dispatches and reports,
1904-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 386
Scope and Contents note
Topics include surveillance of Zilliaeus, Finnish agitators, the Northern
underground for arms smuggling, a brief on the political situation in
Finland, agitation among university youth, and independence movements in
Finland supported by Germany.
Index XXI, Folder 4
Reference: See VIIIc for reports on the Finnish movement
(1916)
Box 210
XXII. Latvians and Lithuanians
Scope and Contents note
The main reason in placing Latvian and Lithuanian revolutionary groups in the
same file was their regional affiliation. (They are referred to by the
Russian authorities as the "Baltic Provinces". ) There are just a few direct
references to Lithuanians (and Estonians) in the files of the Paris Okhrana,
due to the fact that they did not form a separate national group within the
broad scope of the revolutionary movement. While cooperating with the
Russian Social Democratic Workers Party, they joined the Poles under the
banner of the Social Democratic Party of the Kingdom of Poland and
Lithuania. Another reason for the lack of documents referring to Lithuanians
in the Paris Okhrana Office was that more prominent Lithuanian leaders were
active within the political boundaries of Russia, thus being a target for
local Okhrana networks.
The first mention of an organized Latvian group abroad dates to 1899, when a
chapter of their Social Democratic Party was formed in London. From then on
the activities of the Latvian Social Democratic Party in Russia had a strong
reflection on its exponents abroad living in larger cities of Western
Europe. Latvian revolutionaries established a close contact with all
national groups cooperating with the Russian Social Democratic Party and
kept it up to the outbreak of the October revolution. They attended all
important meetings and conventions of the RSDWP, proving themselves as
valuable planners and activists for the revolutionary cause. As terrorists,
the Latvians made an impressive record. They also smuggled into Russia
considerable quantities of clandestine publications and arms during the
revolution of 1905.
Latvian emigres in the United States organized several groups of the Social
Democratic Party, but only those active in San Francisco (1911) adhered to
the home structure of the Party. Others acted independently. Folder 1
contains the agenda for the 4th Congress of the Latvian Social Democratic
Party (March 1913), a trace of financial assistance from the German Social
Democrats (July 1913), and evidence that a Latvian Social Democratic group
in Boston, Massachusetts, built itself up to a membership of 370.
War conditions caused a cessation of activities of the Latvian Social
Democratic Bureau Abroad, and attempts to revive it in Stockholm failed.
Latvian contacts with Lithuanians during World War I became more lively and
close. Folder 2 includes documents referring to cooperation between
Latvian and Russian anarchists (Lapin and Teplov) for the purpose of
smuggling arms to Russia (1909), the political platform of the Latvian
Social Democratic Party, an Okhrana chart of the Latvian Social Democratic
Party, a summary report on the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party and
reports on its conventions, reports on resolutions and the organization of
the Bureau of Latvian Social Democratic Groups Abroad, and data on Pietr
Brede (Bredis, "Yeshka").
Index XXII, Folder 1
Dispatches pertaining to Latvians and Lithuanians in anarchist
groups in London,
1899-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reels 386-387
Index XXII, Folder 2
Dispatches and agent reports,
1909-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 387
Scope and Contents note
Includes Lopin's report on Latvian anarchists in London; the platform of
the Latvian Social Democratic Party; Agent Pilenas's reports on
anarchists in London; a brief on the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party;
report on the convention of the Estonian Social Democratic Party in
Finland; the case of Latvian communist Bredis-Brede, alias Yeshka
(Eshka); and circulars on the Fourth Congress of the Latvian Social
Democratic Party.
Index XXII, Folder 4
Reference: See operational card index file for references to the
Latvian Social Democratic and Socialist Revolutionary groups
Index XXII, Folder 5
Reference: For a review of parties affiliated with the Russian
Social Democratic Workers Party, 1910, see XVIb(6)
Index XXII, Folder 6
Reference: For letters and raw reports from various agents in
London, in French, Polish, and Russian, from 1891-1902, see
XIIIa
Index XXII, Folder 7
Reference: For documents on the Houndsditch murders and robbery,
see XVIb(5)
Box 210
XXIII. Ukrainian revolutionaries
a. General
Scope and Contents note
After their arrest and Siberian deportation at the turn of the century, a
few Ukrainian revolutionaries (Russov, Liakhotskii) fled abroad. In
Galicia, however, the revolutionary movement grew unhampered by Austrian
authorities and began to radiate across the border to Russian Ukraine.
After the 1905 revolution, Ukrainian revolutionary activities became
stronger, and all Russian leftist parties had their followers in the
main cities of the Ukraine (1908). "Pravda," the organ of the Ukrainian
Soiuz "Spilka," was published in Vienna, with Trotsky as its editor
(1908). In March 1914 an all-Ukrainian convention was held in Lvov with
representatives of Russian socialists.
The collection of dispatches in Folder 1 includes documents on how in
December 1914 the Ukrainian Soiuz was accused of accepting financial aid
from the Austrian government, yielding to it the control of all
activities; on "Bor'ba," published in Geneva as the organ of Ukrainian
Social Democrats following Lenin's political line; on the Berlin
organization, "Soiuz Osvobozhdeniia Ukrainy," headed by Petr Bendzia,
acting under the auspices of Germany; on Ukrainian national committees;
etc
Folder 2 contains documents on the organization of the Ukrainian
"Spilka" Party and "Pravda," members of the "Spilka" abroad, the
"Ukrainskaia Gromada" in Paris, and a survey of the Ukrainian movement
(1916).
Access
Available on microfilm reels 387-388, 170a
Index XXIIIa, Folder 1
Dispatches and notes pertaining to Ukrainian revolutionaries
and activities,
1900-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 387
Index XXIIIa, Folder 2
Dispatches and circulars,
1908-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 388
Scope and Contents note
Includes reports on the Social Democratic organ "Spilka," the
"Ukrainska Gromada," and the "Russian Nationalist-Socialist Party."
Also includes
Zapiska ob ukrainskom
dvizhenii,
a brief for Okhrana personnel.
Index XXIIIa, Folder 4
Reference: See operational card index file for references to
Ukrainian nationalist organizations
Index XXIIIa, Folder 5
Reference: For accounts of "Spilka" and by-laws of the Social
Democratic Union of the Ukraine, see XVIb(6)
b. Financial and other support from America
Scope and Contents note
The collection of documents under this subject heading includes the
manifesto of Ukrainians in Canada and reports "on their activities,
1915-1916 (the "Mazepa" group); data on M. Sichinskii, leader of a
"Mazepa" group in the United States; a report on the 3rd Convention of
the "Mazepa" organization in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in 1916; reports on
the "Ukrainian Congress in Canada" (1916-1917) and a new organization,
"Ukrainska Rada"; and a list of brochures published by "Ukrainska Rada"
(1917).
Access
Available on microfilm reel 388
Index XXIIIb, Folder 1
Dispatches and drafts of reports pertaining to the support of
Ukrainian immigrant activities in America and their support to the
revolutionaries,
1912-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 388
Index XXIIIb, Folder 2
Dispatches on Ukrainians in Canada, the Mazepa group, and
branches of the Russian National Union,
1914-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 388
Index XXIIIb, Folder 4
Reference: See the operational card index file for references
to Ukrainian national organizations
Boxes 210-215
XXIV. Revolutionary intelligence and propaganda
techniques
Boxes 210-211
a. Intelligence structure and security problems
Scope and Contents note
Their conspiratorial nature made all revolutionaries, particularly the
terrorist groups, smugglers of arms, "expropriators," and planners,
security conscious. Revolutionary doctrines required clandestine
activities, with every participant on constant alert and passing
information to leaders and comrades for their protection and for a safe
promotion of the cause. As the revolutionary campaigns increased in
intensity, the planners of acts needed advance intelligence for carrying
out operations; and with the realization of Okhrana penetrations and
betrayals, they developed their own counter-intelligence.
The materials under this subject file contain ample information on the
growth of the revolutionary counter-intelligence from, so to speak, the
grass roots, an extremely informal flow of information among leading
conspirators with the gradual emergence of Burtsev's and other
revolutionary services. These, aiming principally against the Okhrana,
also assumed executive and judicial powers to intimidate and liquidate
the opponent. Thus, it may be said that the revolutionary service was
the ideological forerunner of the Bolshevik Cheka and the OGPU. The
period covered by the collection extends from 1897 to 1917. The
documents consist of incoming and outgoing dispatches, telegrams,
perlustrated letters, and copies of intercepted letters pertaining to
Burtsev's revolutionary intelligence operations, the exposure of secret
Okhrana agents such as Yost, Kensitskii, Batushanskii, Metal'nikov,
Tsetlin, and others, the organization of revolutionary police in Paris
to combat the Okhrana, revolutionary investigation of suspected Okhrana
agents.
There are also official MVD circulars giving Socialist Revolutionary
Party regulations pertaining to the security of party meetings, a report
on Burtsev's sources on the Okhrana as well as his methods of operation
-- surveillance, targets, agents, and his sources of information from
within the Okhrana.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 388-390
Index XXIVa, Folder 1
Dispatches and notes pertaining to revolutionary intelligence
structure and security precautions,
1897-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reels 388-389
Index XXIVa, Folder 2a
Card notations from Okhrana operational files on agents
investigated by Burtsev
Access
Available on microfilm reel 389
Index XXIVa, Folder 2b
Intercepted letters of revolutionaries (Fabrikant, Burtsev,
etc.),
1886-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 389
Index XXIVa, Folder 3
Perlustrated mail addressed to Natanson,
1908-1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 389
Index XXIVa, Folder 4
Perlustrated mail addressed to Agafonov,
1908-1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5a
Circular on the activities of the All-Russian Peasant Union
in Russia,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5b
Circular from Headquarters concerning Socialist Revolutionary
Party regulations pertaining to security at meetings,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5c
Circular concerning a resolution by the St. Petersburg
Socialist Revolutionary Party concerning armed uprisings,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5d
Burtsev's sources on the Okhrana,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5e
Early organization of revolutionary intelligence,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5f
Revolutionary surveillance, exposure, and trial of Okhrana
Agent Tsetlin,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5g
Mirtov's offer to operate against Burtsev's intelligence
network,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5h
Burtsev's methods of operation, surveillance, targets, and
agents,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5i
Burtsev's efforts to place his agents in the
Okhrana,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5j
Revolutionary investigation of agents Mass and
Franck,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5k
Burtsev's attempts to discover the new structure of the
Okhrana office in Paris,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5l
Agent Jollivet's ("Tourist") reports on Burtsev's
intelligence activities in Italy,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5m
Burtsev's anti-Okhrana intelligence activity in
Italy,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5n
Interest in Social Democratic circles in the arrest of
Medem,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5o
Documents on the Antonov-Aleksinskii case,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5p
Burtsev's sources of information from within the
Okhrana,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 5q
Documents and references to individual revolutionaries,
without Okhrana connections, who were suspected, investigated, or
tried as provocateurs,
1907-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVa, Folder 7
Reference: See day by day reports, from August 19-November 6,
1909, on the surveillance of Burtsev and his revolutionary
intelligence agents, in XVIId, folder 3
Index XXIVa, Folder 8
Reference: See reports on surveillance difficulties after the
defection of Okhrana agent M. Leroy and the creation of the
"revolutionary police," in IIIe, folder 6
Index XXIVa, Folder 9
Reference: See the personal folder on Agent Serose on the
position of Leroy in Burtsev's revolutionary police, in IIIe, folder
3
Index XXIVa, Folder 10
Reference: See Agent Richard's ("Jane") reports on Burtsev's
office, March-August 1914, in XIa, folder 2a
Index XXIVa, Folder 11
Reference: See the assignments and reports from Mme. Jollivet
and her son Raoul regarding Burtsev and Leroy, 1914-1915, in VIk,
folder 33
Box 211
b. Use of defectors from the Okhrana
Scope and Contents note
The collection contains dispatches exchanged between Headquarters and the
Paris Office referring to agents who defected from the Okhrana and
cooperated with the revolutionaries, such as Sorkin, Meilakhovich,
Yanitskii, Finkelman, Borisov, Leone, Joulia, Jollivet,
Pilenas-Wallenrod, Sushkov, and Tiercelin, and to important cases -- Lt.
Benson, Bakai, Menshchikov, Leroy, and Rips. Colonel von Kotten
recruited agent Rips in Russia and brought him to Paris for deep cover
work. It appears that Rips was actually a plant for the revolutionaries,
who wanted to assassinate von Kotten. The latter escaped with several
gun wounds, but the case came to court. Seven volumes of the proceedings
in court, where the revolutionaries mustered a strong defense, are
included in this set.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 390-391
Index XXIVb, Folder 1
Dispatches, circulars, and other materials pertaining to
defectors of the Okhrana,
1887-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVb, Folder 2
Clippings of articles written by Mikhail Bakai,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVb, Folder 3
Clipping containing an interview with Burtsev on Okhrana
defector Menshchikov
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVb, Folder 4
Ambassador Bakherakht's story on the case of Russian Army Lt.
Benson and his acquisition of a Swiss villa,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Index XXIVb, Folder 5
The case of Mikhail E. Bakai,
1908-1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Scope and Contents note
Includes dispatches notes, notes, telegrams, and reports on his
background, exposure of Agent Kensitskii, relations with Burtsev,
etc.
Index XXIVb, Folder 6
The case of Leonid P. Menshchikov,
1910-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 390
Scope and Contents note
Includes dispatches, clippings, circulars, and reports on his
exposure of agents as a result of his defection, his memoirs, his
visit to the United States, etc.
Index XXIVb, Folder 7
The case of Maurice Leroy,
1908-1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 391
Scope and Contents note
Includes dispatches and reports on his defection and a photograph.
Index XXIVb, Folder 8
The case of Movsha (Mikhail) Rips,
1909-1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 391
Scope and Contents note
Includes dispatches, reports, 7 volumes of stenographic notes of his
hearing before the French court for the attempted murder of Colonel
von Kotten.
Box 212
c. Penetration of the Okhrana
Scope and Contents note
The documents yielded by the Paris Okhrana archives on its penetration by
the revolutionaries indicate that the Okhrana's main concern in this
respect was Vladimir Burtsev, who succeeded in obtaining secret Okhrana
information directly from the St. Petersburg Headquarters (1906-1907)
and the Paris Office. He used the information to expose secret agents of
the Paris Office.
This file contains double agent Jollivet's report on Burtsev's sources in
the Okhrana as well as his report on Burtsev's intelligence activities.
(See XVIId and XXlVb for additional information.) The papers serve as
conclusive evidence that Burtsev periodically had access to secret files
of the Okhrana both in St. Petersburg and Paris. Attempts by the
revolutionaries to join the Okhrana as agents in order to obtain secret
information were not as successful as Burtsev's direct access to
classified Okhrana documents through regular Okhrana personnel.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 391-392
Index XXIVc, Folder 1
Reports and other notes pertaining to penetration of the
Okhrana by revolutionaries,
1887-1917
Index XXIVc, Folder 2a
Clippings from
Budushchee
concerning the exposure of deep cover agents by Kensitskii and
Dorozhko,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2b
Penetration by Burtsev of Swiss liaison with the
Okhrana,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2c
Okhrana circular of a list of names of those suspected by the
revolutionaries of being provocateurs,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2d
Burtsev's access to the Okhrana,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2e
Clippings about the exposure of Okhrana activities in the
French press,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2f
Clippings from the Italian press exposing Okhrana
activities,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2g
Burtsev's open letter to LePressence, head of the Civil
Liberties League in Paris, exposing Okhrana agents and
activities,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2h
Agent Jollivet's report on Burtsev's sources in the
Okhrana,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2i
Clipping from
Il Secolo about
Burtsev in Italy,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2j
Burtsev's intelligence source on the Okhrana in the police
department,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2k
Agent Jollivet's reports on Burtsev's intelligence
activities,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2l
Burtsev's announcement in Brussels newspapers on Okhrana
agents and their functions,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Scope and Contents note
Includes an article containing 29 names.
Index XXIVc, Folder 2m
Statements of State Counselor Berednikov in connection the
with indictment of his exposure to Okhrana personnel,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2n
Agent Poznanskii's suit against Burtsev,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2o
Exposure of Okhrana agent Yost (Iost),
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2p
Exposure of agent Kensitskii,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2q
Activities of Bakai's revolutionary police in
Paris
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2r
Burtsev's and Bakai's claims that they have access to the
police department of St. Petersburg,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2s
Burtsev's man Segal as an Okhrana agent,
1909-1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2t
Report on Burtsev's attempts to penetrate the
Okhrana,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 2u
Reports on Burtsev's exposure of agent Mass through a St.
Petersburg source,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVc, Folder 3
Reference: See the notes in double agent Berg's folder in
XIa, folder 2d
Box 212
d. Documentation of revolutionary agents
Scope and Contents note
The documents in this file consist of incoming and outgoing dispatches
and raw agent reports covering the period from 1894 to 1916. The Russian
revolutionaries abroad were in constant need of documents and passports
in order to maintain contact with their co-conspirators in Russia.
Passports were either stolen from Russian consulates abroad or purchased
illegally from minor consular officials. Passports and other official
documents and stamps were also produced in revolutionary printing shops.
Another method of obtaining passports for illegal use was for one to be
reported missing to consular officials in order to receive a new
passport while the "lost" document then became ''available" after some
alterations. A factor that helped the revolutionaries greatly in their
forging operations was that no photograph of the legal owner was
contained in the Russian domestic or foreign passports of that period.
During the war there was a brisk trade in forged military service
exemption certificates abroad.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVd, Folder 1
Dispatches and notes pertaining to the documentation of
revolutionary agents,
1894-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVd, Folder 2a
Circulars pertaining to the theft of passport blanks and
government stamps by revolutionaries in Russia,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVd, Folder 2b
Request for instructions on how to handle possible fraudulent
requests for new passports,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVd, Folder 2c
Illegal use of a passport by a London anarchist,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVd, Folder 2d
Geneva Russian consulate employee Lilin stole a large supply
of passport blanks,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVd, Folder 2e
Basel as the center for false Russian passports,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVd, Folder 2f
Dispatches from the Russian consulate in Berlin about the use
of passport blanks by the revolutionaries,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVd, Folder 2g
Sale of false passports blanks in revolutionary circles in
Paris,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVd, Folder 4
Reference: For a list of passports, seals, and personal
documents, see circular no. 145031/382, November 18, 1916, in
XIIId(2), folder 61
Box 212
e. Propaganda outlets
Scope and Contents note
Revolutionary propaganda outlets involved the smuggling of propaganda
materials into Russia, their storage and distribution both in Russia and
abroad, public lectures and rallies, and the planting of anti-government
articles in the foreign press. During the war, revolutionary propaganda
was distributed among Russian prisoners of war in Germany and Austria.
All of these aspects of propaganda are reflected in the documents under
this classification. Also see Index Numbers VIIIb, XVIIt, and XXIVh for
further source materials.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 392-393
Index XXIVe, Folder 1
Dispatches and other papers pertaining to revolutionary
propaganda outlets,
1886-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 392
Index XXIVe, Folder 2a
Placard in French calling for a protest meeting of behalf of
Burtsev,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2b
Organization of an "Information Bureau" in Berlin for keeping
the socialist press abroad informed on happenings in
Russia,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2c
Report on Social Democratic propaganda outlets in St.
Petersburg,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2d
Obituaries for three revolutionary martyrs,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2e
Report on the editor of an anti-militarist newspaper in
Genoa,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2f
Clippings from French and British press containing articles
on behalf of the revolutionaries,
1908-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2g
Smuggling of propaganda into Russia from London,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2h
Russian teachers' excursions into Europe and their exposure
to revolutionary propaganda,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2i
Opening of the Université Populaire Russe é Paris,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2j
Report on attempts by revolutionaries to propagandize the
crew of the Russian battleship "Slava" in Toulon,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2k
Zurich Socialist Revolutionary group dispatching propaganda
to Russia,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2l
Publication of Bakai's brochure in New York,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2m
Socialist Revolutionaries in Constantinople engaged in
smuggling illegal literature into Russia,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2n
Publication of special material in Brussels for propaganda
among Russian army officers,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2o
Report that Burtsev is to be sued for slander in
Paris,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2p
Report on shipment of illegal literature into
Russia,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2q
Article in Belgian newspaper
La
peuple
, with a Russian translation, exposing 29 names of
Okhrana agents,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2r
Burtsev's exposure of Bint and Sambain and the Feuger
blackmail case,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2s
Leftist press against the Okhrana and Krasil'nikov's
survey,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2t
Leaflets on the Zimmerwald Conference in French and
Russian,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2u
Article on the Russian occupation of Galicia
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2v
Report on the transportation of political contraband across
the Prussian border
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVe, Folder 2w
"Vers la dissolution de la Douma," article for the French
press
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Box 212
f. Liaison with European leftist groups
Scope and Contents note
The dispatches and raw reports included in this file, covering the period
between 1902 and 1916, indicate that the Russian revolutionary movement
abroad did involve liaison with German Social Democrats, Italian,
anarchists, and French socialists. Liaison was maintained for purposes
of influencing foreign governments in favor of the Russian revolutionary
cause and to obtain material support for the revolutionaries.
Parliamentary representatives of leftist foreign political groups were
engaged for interpellations and to prod the governments against the
Okhrana. The Russian revolutionary movement gained some influential
friends among foreign leftist writers and politicians: Anatole France,
Rebel, Jean Jaurès, and others.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVf, Folder 1a
Papers pertaining to intelligence and other underground
liaison with French, German, and Italian socialist and anarchist
groups,
1902-1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVf, Folder 1b
Agent Woltz's surveillance reports on Benito Mussolini and
various French, Bulgarian, and Serbian revolutionaries,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVf, Folder 1c
Exclusion of police agents from Masonic lodges,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVf, Folder 1d
Minutes of the meeting of the French Socialist Committee of
Action,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Box 212
g. Early types of communist front organizations among Russian
émigrés
Scope and Contents note
Revolutionaries, particularly the Social Democrats, developed the
practices of joining non-political associations of the émigrés for the
purpose of converting them to their own political orientation and aims.
A score of professional, cultural, and other societies started by the
Russians abroad thus became tools and convenient spokesmen of the
Marxists, i. e. the prototypes of the subsequent communist front
organizations. This collection is fairly representative of the category.
Some such organizations were founded by the revolutionaries with the
outright purpose of supporting their aims, but under such names as
"Committee for Russian Prisoners and Exiles," "Fund for Free Press," and
other headings appealing for support on humane or democratic grounds.
Organizations such as "Mutual Assistance Funds," "Student Unions,"
"International Women's Conferences," the "Peace Movement," etc., all
patterns for subsequent communist fronts, had among the prime movers
such agitators as Lenin's wife Krupskaya and Alexandra Kollontai. The
Council of Russian Seamen's Unions, with the secretariat in England, was
under communist control from the very beginning of its existence.
The folders contain documents referring to still other organizations that
started out or gradually became communist fronts, as for instance the
"Union of Professional Russian Writers," the "Bibliotheque," or wartime
organizations to help prisoners of war in Germany.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVg, Folder 1
Dispatches and notes pertaining to organizations established
by revolutionaries among émigrés for allegedly non-political
purposes but serving Marxist or other revolutionary ends,
1905-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVg, Folder 2
Dispatches and other materials,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Scope and Contents note
Includes a book of receipts, by-laws of the Union of Professional
Writers from Russia, resolution on Aleksinskii, invitation forms,
records of a collection for a sick comrade, correspondence, etc.
Index XXIVg, Folder 3a
Headquarters circular concerning the "London Fund for Free
Press in Russia,"
1894
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVg, Folder 3b
The Peace League and Konni Zilliacus's trip to
London,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVg, Folder 3c
Subscribers' list of the Bibliothéque
(international),
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVg, Folder 3d
English language publication of the Committee to Help
Political Prisoners,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVg, Folder 3e
Dispatches and leaflets published by the Seamen's
Union,
1911-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVg, Folder 3f
Russian students at Karlsruhe: meetings and
resolutions,
1910-1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVg, Folder 3g
Mutual assistance fund in Paris, the "émigré
Treasury,"
1912-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVg, Folder 3h
Circular on the International Women's Conference and delegate
Krupskaya,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Index XXIVg, Folder 3i
Society to Aid Prisoners of War in Germany and
Austria,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 393
Box 213
h. Smuggling to Russia of arms, publications, and
revolutionaries
Scope and Contents note
Arms smuggling into Russia, according to this collection of documents,
was at its peak during the Russo-Japanese War and the upheavals at its
aftermath, in 1905-1907. The bulk of this collection thus originated in
that period. Chief Garting in Paris spread the network of agents against
revolutionary smugglers to many European countries, concentrating
particularly in northern and Italian ports. His liaison with security
agencies and port authorities in various countries brought some good
results. The revolutionaries who engaged in smuggling during the peak
period were the Social Democrats (Bolsheviks) and the Bundists.
The first two folders of the collection, with chronological arrangement
of the documents, from 1894 to 1915 contain various dispatches, raw
reports, revolutionary agents, arms, and propaganda. Documents on
smuggling illegal literature are at the end of the second folder.
Folder 3 has a complete record of Okhrana surveillance over
gunrunning from Antwerp, one of the favorite ports for the
revolutionaries in 1905 and 1906. In Folders 4 and 5, specific
reports of the same period illustrate the efforts of Garting and his
agents in various other European centers and include individual agents'
and liaison reports in 1910.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 394-395
Index XXIVh, Folder 1
Dispatches, raw reports, and intelligence notes on smuggling
agents, arms, etc. into Russia,
1894-1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 394
Index XXIVh, Folder 2
Dispatches, raw reports, and intelligence notes on smuggling
agents, arms, etc. into Russia (cont'd.),
1907-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 394
Index XXIVh, Folder 3
Complete record of Okhrana surveillance over gunrunning from
Antwerp,
1905-1906
Access
Available on microfilm reels 394-395
Index XXIVh, Folder 4a
Garting's report to Rataev regarding the organization of
surveillance over illegal gunrunning in Berlin,
1902
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 4b
Berlin Okhrana office investigation of the production of hand
grenades in Berlin,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 4c
Garting's report on the Bund's funds for arms purchases,
current methods and routes used by revolutionaries for smuggling
arms and political propaganda into Russia, and proposals to control
such contraband,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 4d
Okhrana reports on gunrunning (arms trafficking) from
Copenhagen,
1905-1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 4e
Revolutionary arms shipments from various European
ports,
1905-1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 4f
Arms shipments from Sweden,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 4g
Garting reports on gunrunning (arms trafficking) in Germany,
France, Belgium and attempts to enlist British customs service in
control of revolutionary arms shipments,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 4h
Sofronskii and Wallach (Litvinov) engaged in purchasing arms
in Europe,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Scope and Contents note
Includes intercepted letters from Sofronskii.
Index XXIVh, Folder 4i
Garting's trip to Denmark and Sweden to investigate arms
smuggling,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 4j
Arms shipments from Hamburg,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 4k
Krause's information about an alleged ring of terrorists in
Dresden,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 4l
Police Captain Grénweller of Lébeck, Germany, on arms
smuggling,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 4m
Arms shipments from England,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5a
De Groot's reports on arms shipments from
Rotterdam,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5b
Arms shipments from Italy
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5c
Arms shipments from Amsterdam,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5d
Wallach (Litvinov) in Berlin to engage in smuggling machine
guns into Russia,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5e
Smuggling of arms through Mannheim,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5f
Surveillance over arms smuggling from Denmark and
Sweden,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5g
Headquarters' comments on the uselessness of Garting's agents
in discovering arms smuggling,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5h
Agent Sambain's reports on surveillance of smugglers in
Stockholm,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5i
Agent Neuhaus's reports from Memel (Klaipeda) on ships
suspected of smuggling arms,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5j
Agent Fontaine's reports from the German-Russian
border,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5k
Agent Durin's reports on arms traffickers from Wirballen
(Virbalis),
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5l
Movement of ships in Kiel suspected of arms
trafficking,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5m
Engineer Buckland in London offers information on
revolutionary arms smuggling,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Index XXIVh, Folder 5n
Report on arms smuggling into Russia
Access
Available on microfilm reel 395
Box 214
i. Terrorist techniques: bomb construction, deliveries, planning
attacks, liberation of prisoners
Scope and Contents note
Many revolutionary groups adopted terrorism as their principal strategy
and tactic. They resorted to violence to the degree that terrorism
became practically synonymous with revolution. A statistical table among
the survey in this collection shows that in the period from October 1907
to May 1910, revolutionary bands in Russia perpetrated 23,044 terrorist
acts, in which the number of officials and other persons killed was
4,322 and wounded 4, 465. These acts, particularly against important
officials, were inspired or actually committed by the conspirators
coming from abroad with arms. The purpose of assassination was not to
exterminate officials known as oppressors of the people or tyrannical in
their methods; there is evidence rather that the revolutionaries were
more concerned about killing off the more competent and popular high
officials in order to bring chaos in orderly government and confusion in
the public.
The collection of dispatches and various other documents in Folder 1,
arranged chronologically from 1887 to 1916, gives many specific cases;
but taken as a whole, it shows the general trend of the conspiracies.
The life of the Tsar was threatened more frequently than any other; he
was spared before the revolution, but not so some of the members of his
immediate family and members of his cabinet. The dispatches, raw
reports, and newspaper clippings describe the planning of
assassinations, plots, construction of bombs and work on explosives in
the laboratories of the revolutionaries. The role of such important
terrorist leaders as Gershuni, Savinkov, Chernov, Sazonov, Barthold, and
Gots is described.
Folders 2 and 3 are listed in the inventory by specific documents.
The role of Vera Figner's campaign to execute prison breaks in Russia is
referred to in several documents. On the technique of bomb construction
by Russian terrorists, see Volume I of the Prefecture de Police in Vb,
Folder 6. For the role of terrorist leaders, see also the folders
under Index Numbers XVIId, XVIIg, XVIIh, and XVIIi.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 396-400
Index XXIVi, Folder 1
Dispatches, notes, and newspaper clippings pertaining to
revolutionary terrorist techniques,
1887-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2a
Report on a plot to assassinate Tsar Nicholas II (Nikolai II)
formulated in Geneva by Afanasiev and members of the Polish
Socialist Revolutionary Party,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2b
Individuals intending to go to Russia to engage in
terrorism,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2c
Petr Rutenberg accused of murdering Georgii Gapon,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2d
School for training terrorists in Krakow operated by the
Polish Socialist Party,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2e
Newspaper clippings in German on bomb deposits of Russian
terrorists in Berlin,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2f
Averted attempt on the life of the Dowager Empress Mariia
Feodorovna,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2g
Assassins of General von Launitz,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2h
Newspaper clippings on terrorist acts and
anarchists,
1908-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2i
Rips's motives for attempting to assassinate Colonel von
Kotten,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2j
Plot to assassinate Tsar Nicholas II (Nikolai II) in Poltava
and a request to watch suspicious movements abroad,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2k
Report on the possible use of aircraft by revolutionaries to
commit acts of terror in Russia,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2l
Formation of a Socialist Revolutionary strong arm unit in
Sweden with the participation of Savinkov and Sletov,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2m
Statistics on Russian government officials killed between
1907 and 1910 by Russian revolutionaries,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2n
Report on terrorist Boris Barthold,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2o
Formation of a Socialist Revolutionary strong arm detachment
abroad,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 2p
Preparations for the murder of Stolypin and Tsar Nicholas II
(Nikolai II),
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 396
Index XXIVi, Folder 3a
The governor general of Warsaw received an anonymous letter
from Cologne exposing a plot against Tsar Nicholas II (Nikolai
II),
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3b
A Paris group collaborates with the Socialist Revolutionary
Party,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3c
Announcement of terrorists about an attempt on the life of a
prison official in Russia,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3d
Storage place for bombs in Chita,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3e
Bomb explosion in a Liege theater,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3f
Case of Widmann in Berlin offering information about a
planned act of terrorism,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3g
Formation of a Society for Active Assistance to Political
Prisoners and Exiles in Paris, which is to help organize prison
breaks,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3h
Bylaws of the Society for Struggle against Imprisonment and
Exile for Political Activities,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3i
Boris Bathold planning to go to Russia on a terrorist
mission,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3j
Appeal of the Krakow Union to Aid Political Prisoners for
funds to organize prison breaks,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3k
Terrorist group for the murder of Kasso,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3l
Reaction of the German press to the assassination attempt on
the Dowager Empress in Rostock,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3m
Attempt on the life of former Turkish minister Sherif Pasha
(Serif Pasa) in Paris,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3n
Formation of leagues to support political prisoners in Russia
by raising funds to organize prison breaks,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3o
Statement of Snezhkov on a plot to assassinate the
tsar,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3p
The case of Kirishek and six other Russians accused of
espionage, bomb construction, etc.,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3q
Hearings before the French tribunal in the case of Kirishek
and four other Russian terrorists,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3r
List of documents found in the possession of Kirishek and
other Russian anarchists on trial,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3s
A brief on Russian revolutionaries in France
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3t
Drawings for bomb construction with directions
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 3u
Revolutionary plan to assassinate Tsarina Mariia Feodorovna
in London
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVi, Folder 5
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 71, 1904, on the
assassination plot against Minister Pleve, in XIIIc(2), folder
4
Index XXIVi, Folder 6
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 94, 1904, on the
assassination plot against Minister Pleve, in XIIIc(2), folder
4
Index XXIVi, Folder 7
Reference: See incoming telegram no. 1064, 1903, requesting
information on the plans of the "Center" and the leaders of the
Fighting Unit concerning the assassination of Minister Pleve, in
XIIIc(3), folder 13
Index XXIVi, Folder 8
Reference: See incoming telegram no. 1085, 1903, ordering
that Sazonov (the eventual assassin of Pleve) be kept under constant
surveillance in Bern, in XIIIc(3), folder 13
Index XXIVi, Folder 9
Reference: See incoming telegram, June 17, 1904, on Finnish
revolutionary sentiment and attitude toward the attempt on the life
of Governor Bobrikov by a Finnish patient, in XIIIc(3), folder
16
Index XXIVi, Folder 10
Reference: See incoming telegram no. 329, 1904, announcing
Pleve's assassination and a physical description of the assassin, in
XIIIc(3), folder 17
Index XXIVi, Folder 10
Reference: For photographs of the types of bombs constructed
by Russian revolutionaries, see Volume I of the books prepared by
the French Sûreté, in Vb, folder 6
Box 214
j. Training of terrorists and propagandists' schools
Scope and Contents note
The documents included in this file cover the period from I906 to 1911
and pertain to Maksim Gorky's school on the island of Capri (1909),
military training of revolutionaries in Paris (1907), the terrorist
school in Paris (1910), the propagandists school organized by the Vpered
(Leninist) group in Bologna (1910), the anarchist school in Paris
(1911), and the first All-Party School of the Russian Social Democratic
Workers Party at Longjumeau (1911). Raw agent reports describe attempts
to establish the whereabouts of Savinkov's terrorist training school
(1911). Okhrana agent "Vladimirets," enrolled as a trainee in such a
school describes the program of study and Lenin's participation in it.
Several dispatches refer to the organization of military training by the
revolutionaries in preparation of armed uprisings in Russia.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 1
Miscellaneous dispatches and raw reports on the
indoctrination and training of terrorists and
propagandists,
1908-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 2a
Circular letter describing a revolutionary program of
training,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 2b
Report on a military training school for revolutionaries in
Paris,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 2c
Maksim Gorky's school for revolutionaries on the island of
Capri, Italy,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 2d
Break of Lunacharsky (Lunacharskii) and Bogdanov with Gorky,
whose Capri school had completely disintegrated,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 2e
Students from the Capri school listening to Lenin's lectures
in Paris,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 2f
Establishment of a terrorist school in Paris,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 2g
Propagandists' school of the Russian Social Democratic
Workers Party in Bologna,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 2h
Polish Socialist training school in Liege,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 2i
Anarchist school in Paris,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 2j
First All-Party School of the Russian Social Democratic
Workers Party in Longjumeau,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 2k
Okhrana penetration agent Vladimirets attending revolutionary
training school in France,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVj, Folder 2l
Agent Borisov-Dmitriev's reports from Liege, searching for
Savinkov's training center for terrorists,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Boxes 214-215
k. Infiltration of the armed forces
Scope and Contents note
This collection consists of incoming and outgoing dispatches, raw
reports, and revolutionary propaganda leaflets. The material deals with
revolutionary propaganda among Russian soldiers and sailors as well as
officers, both abroad and in Russia. In the folders are dispatches,
cables, and agent reports about the attempted mutiny on the Imperial
cruiser Askold, detailed reports concerning the uprising of Russian
soldiers at Gamp Delorme near Marseille (August 1916) and revolutionary
infiltration of seamen's unions, along with samples of revolutionary
propaganda disseminated among Russian prisoners of war in Germany and
Austria. The file also contains reports on the revolutionary plan for a
Russian officers congress abroad (1914), agent Weber's report on a
revolutionary officers clique in the Russian Army (1915), and a report
on the distribution of revolutionary propaganda on Russian ships docking
at Hull, England.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 397-398
Index XXIVk, Folder 1
Dispatches and notes pertaining to the penetration of the
armed forces,
1897-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 397
Index XXIVk, Folder 2a
Text of a revolutionary soldier's song and a revolutionary
leaflet for officers,
1903
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2b
Revolutionaries to distribute propaganda among Russian
prisoners of war in Japan,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2c
Revolutionary propaganda among troops in Turkestan Military
District,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2d
Viennese Koscicki offering his services to combat
revolutionary penetration of the army,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2e
Revolutionary propaganda on the Baltic fleet,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2f
Revolutionary membership in the armed forces,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2g
Report on revolutionary propaganda on the battleship
Slava,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2h
Reports on revolutionary penetration of the Baltic
fleet,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2i
Reports on illegal trade union of seamen abroad, with
Headquarters in Antwerp, and the Union of Black Sea
Seaman,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2j
Bitner and Fomin engaged in the dissemination of propaganda
among Russian soldiers; leaflets addressed to officers and
soldiers,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2k
Revolutionary penetration of naval units,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2l
Revolutionary propaganda among Russian prisoners of war in
Austria-Hungary,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2m
Reports on the Russian Seaman's Union,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2n
Revolutionary plan for a Russian officers congress
abroad,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2o
Revolutionary exploitation of disaffection in the army;
officers' clique,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2p
Cables, reports, and other materials on the attempted mutiny
on the Russian cruiser
Askold at Toulon,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2q
Criticism of the administration of Russian army units in
France,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2r
Illustrated supplement to
Russkii
vestnik
, no. 2,
1917 February
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2s
Appeal to the lower ranks in the theater of war from the
All-Russian Peoples' Organization,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2t
Pamphlet
V plenu, published in
Bern for distribution among prisoners of war in Germany,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2u
Russkii vestnik, no. 26,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2v
Protocol drafts on an uprising of Russian soldiers at Camp
Delorme near Marseille,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2w
Chicherin and the Jewish appeal against military
service
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 2x
Okhrana circulars on revolutionary publications inciting the
Russian armed forces,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVk, Folder 4
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 34, 1903, regarding
revolutionary propaganda on the Navy ship "Kronstadt," in XIIIc(2),
folder 2
Box 215
l. Political action
Scope and Contents note
The incoming and outgoing dispatches, raw reports, and pamphlets included
in this file cover the period from 1894-1917 and pertain to the
political action of Russian revolutionary groups abroad in influencing
foreign governments and political organisations. Outstanding cases, such
as Vladimir Burtsev's exploitation of the Leone-Fontana case to impress
the French government with the existence and operations of the Russian
secret political police in France and Burtsev's anti-Tsarist activities
in Italy, are covered by documents in this file. There are also
documents on revolutionary groups influencing Duma factions, political
action of student groups, revolutionary newspaper campaigns, action
through the International Socialist Bureau and the French and other
foreign socialist parties. (Also see XVIId, XVIIt, XXVIIa, and XXVIIb.)
Access
Available on microfilm reels 398-399
Index XXIVl, Folder 1
Documents pertaining to attempts made by revolutionaries to
exert political influence on foreign governments, the press, social
groups and political groups in the Russian Duma,
1894-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 398
Index XXIVl, Folder 2a
Text of a Bund appeal to the Russian people,
1905
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2b
Speech delivered by Starodvorskii in Paris at a meeting
attended by French dignitaries,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2c
Reaction of Russian student circles abroad to a new decree in
Russia,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2d
Martov and Rappoport appeal to Jaurés and Dumas (Socialist
deputies) protesting against the Russian political police in
France,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2e
Burtsev's trips to Italy to bring up the question of the
Russian political police in Italy to the Italian
parliament,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2f
Meeting of Lenin, Kamenev, and Radomyslskii (Zinovyev) in
Krakow on the eve of a new session of the Russian Duma,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2g
Protests of Russian émigrés against the passage of a new bill
in the United States barring the entry of terrorists, anarchists,
etc. into the country,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2h
Messages exchanged between Vanderwelde, a representative of
the International Socialist Bureau, and members of the Social
Democratic faction of the State Duma,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2i
Political campaign leaflets from Kiev,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2j
Report on the revolutionary newspapers and pressure on the
Duma,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2k
Paris Russian revolutionaries in support of Germany in the
war,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2l
Ex-Duma member Aleksinskii participating in the newspaper
Russkaia volia,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2m
Revolutionary leaders in favor of defeating
Russia,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2n
Roster of Russian revolutionary defeatists and their
demands,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2o
Paris revolutionaries' appeal to the Duma for amnesty for
political émigrés abroad,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 2p
Joint revolutionary manifesto on the occasion of the
dissolution of the Duma
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXIVl, Folder 4
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 162, November 1905,
on Social Democratic preparations for the Duma campaign, in
XIIIc(2), folder 6
Boxes 215-216
XXV. Financing of the revolutionaries
Box 215
a. American support: immigrant groups
Scope and Contents note
American financial support for the revolutionaries came from a few
wealthy Americans who embraced the cause of freedom in Russia and
contributions from a considerable number of workingmen's societies and
lodges of the Russian, Jewish, Ukrainian, and other immigrants. A lively
and popular campaign for liberalization of Russia was started with
George Kennan's publications and lectures on his Siberian travels.
The documents collected in Folder 1 refer to the activities of
Russian organizations in the United States and Canada for the collection
of funds in support of the revolutionaries. In these papers,
Headquarters and the Paris Office exchange information on leaders and
movements in America. The papers in Folder 2 pertain to efforts of
the leaders of the Jewish Bund, anarchists, Social Democrats, and
Socialist Revolutionaries to channel financial help to European
revolutionary groups through their respective organizations in the
United States. This action gained momentum prior to and at the beginning
of World War I but faded away in 1915, except for the Bund, backed by
the American Federation of Jewish Workers. One report (February 1916)
states that two anarchists in Chicago received $10, 000 from the Germans
against their promise to blow up the offices of Russian military
missions in the United States.
Access
Available on microfilm reels 399-400
Index XXVa, Folder 1
Dispatches and notes pertaining to American support of the
Russian revolutionaries, immigrant groups, and
organizations,
1891-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 399
Index XXVa, Folder 2a
New York meeting of the Society to Aid Revolutionary
Russia,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2b
Report from the Russian Embassy in Washington on activities
of Russian revolutionaries in America,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2c
Letter of a Russian informer in Pennsylvania,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2d
Tasks of the revolutionaries in the United States,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2e
Goldfarb's Bundist trip to America,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2f
Mass meeting in memory of the Paris Commune in New York
organized by the Russian section of the American Socialist
Party,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2g
Federation of Russian Workers (anarchists) in
America,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2h
Proposed congress of the Federation of Russian Workers in
America,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2i
List of socialist newspapers published in New
York,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2j
Resolution of the Boston Society to Aid Political Exiles and
Prisoners,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2k
Financial report of the Anarchist Red Cross in New
York,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2l
Russian émigré Workers' House in New York,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2m
Pittsburgh Conference of Russian Workers' Unions,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2n
Conference of Federated Organizations of New York (Golos
truda),
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2o
New York meetings of the Society to Aid Political Exiles in
Siberia,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2p
Report on May 1 demonstration in New York,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2q
Congress of the Anarchist Red Cross in New York,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2r
Conference of Russian Social Democratic Groups in America
held in New York,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2s
Report on revolutionary organization in Boston,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2t
Baltimore Congress of the Federation of Unions of Russian
Workers in the United States and Canada,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2u
Report on anarchists in New York and Chicago,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2v
Arrival of former Duma member in America to raise money for
war victims and Lithuanian students,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2w
New Haven Conference of the Unions of Russian Workers in the
United States and Canada,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2x
Oberuchev in New York to raise funds to aid Russian prisoners
of war,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2y
New York meeting of the Society to Aid Political Exiles in
Siberia,
1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVa, Folder 2z
Correspondence between Russian revolutionaries abroad
(France, Belgium, England) with Russian immigrants in the United
States,
1895
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Box 215
b. Russian domestic and foreign sources to aid the
revolutionaries
Scope and Contents note
Folder 1 contains a general collection of documents on the activities
of the revolutionaries at home and abroad to secure funds for their
cause. In Folders 2 and 3, the dispatches (titled individually in
the inventory to each folder) refer to the results of the constant
campaigns for funds. Money was collected from all and any sources
available -- wealthy individuals, legacies, collections and meetings,
lectures, sale of literature, membership dues, etc. Money was needed to
maintain the revolutionary leaders and fighting terrorist unit for the
purpose of arms and explosives, publications, and operational expenses
of all sorts.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 1
Dispatches pertaining to Russian domestic and foreign sources
to aid the revolutionaries,
1895-1917
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2a
Account of a committee to help political prisoners in
Russia,
1893
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2b
A Czech offering information on revolutionaries
counterfeiting money,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2c
Revolutionaries attempting to get a share of a large estate
left by Nikolai Schmidt,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2d
Appeal of the International Committes to Aid Unemployed
Workers in Russia,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2e
Fiscal support of the Paris Group for Collaboration with the
Socialist Revolutionaries,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2f
Intercepted letter giving the financial statement of a
revolutionary organization,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2g
Appeal of the Central Committee to a number of lecturers in
order to raise funds; Burtsev's financial difficulties,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2h
Concerts and plays of the London anarchist club to aid the
revolutionaries,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2i
Rich merchant Michael Treitner giving large sums to Socialist
Revolutionaries,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2j
Vera Figner's Paris Committee to Aid Political Prisoners in
Russia,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2k
Rumors that the Japanese government offered Russian
revolutionaries large sums of money in 1905 for sabotage work in
Russia,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2l
Organization of a Treasury to Aid Political Convicts and
Prisoners in Liege,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2m
Financial report of the Paris Group for Collaboration wit the
Socialist Revolutionary Party,
1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2n
Rich merchant Semigradova in Kiev contributing large sums to
revolutionaries,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2o
Financial reports of the Oblast' Committee of Socialist
Revolutionary organizations abroad and of the Brussels Socialist
Revolutionary group,
1910-1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2p
Son of rich merchant Fedotov giving financial help to the
revolutionaries,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2q
Financial statement of the Sazonov Library of the Paris
Socialist Revolutionary Group,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2r
Lausanne meeting of the Committee to Aid Convicts; funds to
be sent to Vera Figner,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2s
Offer of 150,000 francs made to Savinkov for terrorist
acts,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2t
Lecture by Aleksinskii to raise funds for the Vpered
group,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2u
Committee of the Zurich émigré Treasury,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 2v
Report on an alleged offer of funds made to Savinkov for
terrorist purposes,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3a
Funds received by Boris Savinkov for terrorist
purposes,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3b
Financial report of the Paris Socialist Revolutionary
Group,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3c
Arrival of Moscow millionaire Shakhov in Paris to help
revolutionaries,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3d
Rich woman Sharzhinskaia and the interest of the
revolutionaries in her money,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3e
Financial aid from Moscow tea merchants, the Vysotskii
family,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3f
Indications that Nathanson received 30,000 rubles for
terrorist purposes,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3g
Antwerp Union of Russian Sailors headed by
Anichkin,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3h
Coupons to raise money for the Latvian Social Democratic
Party,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3i
Fund-raising activities of the Latvian Social Democratic
Party,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3j
Berlin students raising money to help political prisoners in
Russia,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3k
Memo requesting identification of individual who donated
30,000 rubles to the Fighting Unit,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3l
Irregularities in the funds of the revolutionary
treasury,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3m
Barthold to get a sum of money for terrorist
purposes,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3n
Zurich and Basel societies to aid political prisoners in
Russia,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3o
Basel meeting of the "Locan Union to Aid Exiles,"
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3p
Fundraising lecture in Zurich,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3q
Appeal for funds of the "Union of Russian Seaman" in
London,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3r
Vera Figner's Geneva "Group to Aid Political Exiles and
Prisoners,"
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3s
Donations by Moscow millionaires, the Morozovs,
1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3t
Bern Conference of émigré Treasuries in
Switzerland,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 3u
Appeal of the Central Secretariat of émigré Treasuries in
Switzerland,
1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 400
Index XXVb, Folder 5
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 133, April 14, 1905,
on the organization of a mutual insurance fund for members of
Socialist Revolutionary and Social Democratic groups, in XIIIc(2),
folder 6
Box 215
c. Expropriation, counterfeiting, and banditries
Scope and Contents note
"Expropriations," after the uprisings of 1905, became the policy,
strategy, and tactics of the revolutionaries in general, particularly of
the Russian Social Democratic Workers Party. As a proletarian party, the
latter was always in greater need of funds than the Socialist
Revolutionaries, who had in their ranks a larger proportion of
well-to-do members than Lenin's group. In essence, "expropriations" were
nothing more than banditries serving as a source of funding the
revolution and at the same time hurting the regime, creating chaos, and,
with propaganda, serving as another slogan against capitalist
oppression.
Folder 1 contains a number of dispatches exchanged between
Headquarters and the Paris Office and pertaining to acts of
expropriation and banditry committed by the Russian revolutionaries from
1893 to 1915. The documents in Folder 2 refer to specific banditries
on a large scale, such as the Tiflis robbery (April 1907), Tashkent
(1906) and Odessa (1907). There is also a brief (in German) prepared by
the Munich police on Kamo-Mirskii's efforts to exchange Russian bank
notes stolen at Tiflis (see XXVIIc), reports on the counterfeiting of
bank notes (Leventhal), etc. A set of clippings from London newspapers
on the attempted robbery at Houndsditch completes the file.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 1
Miscellaneous documents pertaining to expropriations by the
revolutionaries,
1893-1915
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2a
Popov affair and description of a swindle with Russian
stocks,
1893
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2b
Aleksandr Belentsov, participant of a Moscow bank holdup, in
Zurich,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2c
Brothers Kereselidze and Nestor Magalov, who stole 315,000
rubles from a state treasury in Tiflis,
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2d
Extradition of participants in the Tiflis holdup from
Switzerland,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2e
Circular announcing rewards for the apprehension of
individuals involved in stealing 544,000 rubles from Tashkent and
Aulieatinsk finance offices,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2f
Revolutionary plans to commit a large-scale robbery in a
Caucasian city,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2g
Bank robberies in Odessa,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2h
Attack on a train en route from Tiflis to Batumi,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2i
Kamo's role in the Tiflis holdup; his plans for other
expropriations,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2j
Brief on the Tiflis robbery prepared in German by the Munich
police,
1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2k
Disposition of the money stolen in the Verkhnedneprovsk
holdup,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2l
Litvinov's and Krassin's talks on counterfeiting bank notes
following the Tiflis holdup,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2m
Disposition of the money from the Tiflis holdup,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2n
Agent Tsetlin and her suit against the revolutionaries for
stealing her money,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2o
Robert Leventhal engaged in counterfeiting Russian currency
in Paris,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2p
Dispatch of revolutionaries for an expropriation
job,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2q
Reports on the suspected participants of the Tiflis
holdup
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 2r
Eight clippings referring to the attempted Houndsditch
robbery
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVc, Folder 4
Reference: For a letter from Munich on the Tiflis robbery,
see Vd, folder 1
Index XXVc, Folder 5
Reference: See outgoing telegram no. 145, 1910, regarding the
proposed plan of the revolutionaries to destroy money from the
Tiflis holdup, in XIIIb(2), folder 8
Box 216
d. Extortion and blackmail
Scope and Contents note
Contains various documents referring to acts of blackmail and extortion,
perpetrated by the revolutionaries, or in their name. There is also a
list of Russians arrested in Lausanne (April 1908) in connection with
extortion letters sent to S. Shiro. Folder 2 has documents
pertaining to various cases of blackmail and extortion, such as Persitz,
Prince Trubetskoi, Ganeshin, Troitskii, Kokovashin, and Fontaine, and
also samples of threatening letters (1902-1912).
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVd, Folder 1
Dispatches pertaining to extortion and blackmail,
1906-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVd, Folder 2a
Report on Agent Persitz, engaged in extortion from
diplomats,
1902
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVd, Folder 2b
Revolutionary posing as Prince Trubetskoi,
1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVd, Folder 2c
The Ganeshin case (attempts of the revolutionaries to swindle
him),
1906
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVd, Folder 2d
Attempts of revolutionaries to swindle Aleksandra Chuksina in
Moscow,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVd, Folder 2e
Attempts of swindler Kokovashin to extort 350,000 rubles from
the Russian government,
1907
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVd, Folder 2f
Blackmail in connection with former agent Paul
Fontaine,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVd, Folder 2g
Sample extortion letters sent by revolutionaries,
1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVd, Folder 2h
Documents pertaining to former agent Louis Feuger,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Scope and Contents note
Includes his letter to the MVD minister requesting re-employment.
Index XXVd, Folder 4
Reference: See notes on double agent Julieta, in
XIa
Box 216
XXVI. Communications of the revolutionaries
a. Code systems
Scope and Contents note
The use of codes was not well developed by the revolutionaries.
Intercepted mail often illustrates the use of code words and
expressions, but full use of codes in digits was obviously rare. As some
examples in the folders illustrate, they were of a simple, easily
deciphered variety.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVIa, Folder 1a
Codes used in correspondence by the
revolutionaries,
1895-1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVIa, Folder 1b
Decoded letters,
1903-1904
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVIa, Folder 3
Reference: See intelligence summary no. 57, 1903, for a list
of the codes of different revolutionary organizations not yet broken
by the Okhrana, in XIIIc(2), folder 2
Index XXVIa, Folder 4
Reference: For the code system used by early Polish
revolutionaries, see the papers on Rapoport and Savitski, in
XIX
b. Secret writing
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
Index XXVIb, Folder 1
Intercepted letters of the revolutionaries, written with
invisible chemicals, which were later developed,
1904-1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 401
c. Couriers
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIc, Folder 1
Couriers of the revolutionaries,
1903, 1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
d. General
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVId, Folder 1
Dispatch informing that the address of a Paris restaurant is
being used by the revolutionaries for mail,
1911
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Box 216
XXVII. Methods of black propaganda, threats, poison pen
letters
a. Burtsev's exploitation of the case of Francisco
Leone
Scope and Contents note
The year 1913 was a turning point in the history of the Paris Okhrana
Office. Burtsev succeeded in completely exposing the Russian secret
police network in that city, thereby forcing the Paris Okhrana to change
its organizational structure and operational methods. One of the cases
used by Burtsev in his anti-Okhrana campaign was that involving
Francesco Leone, who was fired by the Paris Okhrana and went over to
Burtsev, giving him the information he acquired as an agent. The
documents in this file clearly reflect the great concern of Krasilnikov
for the security of his organization against the Burtsev-Leone
conspiracy.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIIa, Folder 1
Dispatches discussing the repercussions of Leone's turning to
Burtsev,
1913-1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIIa, Folder 2
Notes on the dismissal of postmaster Christiani of Fezzano,
Italy, for aiding the Okhrana with mail interceptions,
1914
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIIa, Folder 3
Agents' reports on Leone's turning to Burtsev,
1912-1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIIa, Folder 4
Newspaper clippings on the Russian police in Paris and Italy
based on Leone's revelations,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
b. Burtsev's campaign against Garting
Scope and Contents note
In early 1909 the Russian revolutionary Vladimir Burtsev succeeded in
exposing the Chief of the Paris Okhrana Office, Baron Arkadii
Mikhailovich Garting, as one Heckelman-Landesen who, in 1890, was
convicted by a French court to five years imprisonment for illegal
possession of explosives. The documents in this file cover the period
from November 26, 1908, to February 10, 1910, and consist primarily of
frantic dispatches from Garting to the home office in St. Petersburg
about Burtsev's persecution.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIIb, Folder 1
Dispatches concerning Burtsev's campaign against Garting of
the Paris Okhrana,
1908-1910
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIIb, Folder 3
Reference: See outgoing telegram, 1909, on the effect of
Burtsev's exposure of Garting's position, in XIIIb(2), folder
7
Index XXVIIb, Folder 4
Reference: See outgoing telegram, 1909, with Garting's pleas
for help against Burtsev's campaign against him, in XIIIb(2), folder
7
Index XXVIIb, Folder 5
Reference: See outgoing telegram, 1909, asking Headquarters
to direct the Paris Embassy to advise the French press that Garting
and Landesen are not the same person, in XIIIb(2), folder
7
c. Exploitation of Kamo's case against Russian and German
security organs
Scope and Contents note
The earliest document in this file on Semen Ter-Petrosian ("Kamo,"
"Dmitrii Mirskii") is an outgoing dispatch dated October 12, 1907,
referring to "Kamo" as a young but highly active and daring
revolutionary terrorist greatly valued by all Bolsheviks, including
Lenin and "Nikitich." The report points out that "Kamo" was a key figure
in the purchase of arms for revolutionaries in collaboration with
Litvinov. Another report gives brief biographical sketch of that
individual along with his career as a holdup artist of major proportions
and a description of his great friendship with Lenin. When "Kamo" was
arrested in Berlin in an apartment stocked with bombs and explosives,
which he shared with a secret Okhrana agent, the Social Democratic
circles succeeded in initiating a campaign accusing the Okhrana agent of
planting the explosives in the apartment as an act of provocation,
thereby causing considerable embarrassment to the Okhrana. "Kamo"
successfully feigned insanity and was committed to a German asylum. The
documents in this file also indicate that "Kamo" organized and
participated in two holdups in Georgia, in Tiflis and on the Georgian
Military Road. (See Index Numbers XXVb and XXVc for further information
concerning the Georgian holdups. )
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIIc, Folder 1
Headquarters circular, dispatches, and other materials on
Simon Ter-Petrosian (Kamo, Dmitrii Mirskii),
1907-1908
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Scope and Contents note
Includes documents on his activities as a terrorist, his arrest in
Berlin, and his commitment to a mental institution in Germany.
d. Threats upon the lives of security personnel, communist
intimidation
Scope and Contents note
The Russian revolutionaries abroad utilized intimidation and threats to
extort funds and to control the activities or to do away with certain
government leaders and police officials. (See XXIVi, XXVc, and XXVd for
additional information.) The documents in this file pertain to the
murder of agent "Iost"- Chizhikov, the alleged suicide of agent
Lisovskii, Burtsev's action against Garting and the Paris Okhrana, the
terrorist Emma, accounts of the attempted assassination of Okhrana
Colonel von Kotten by Rips, and the assassination of Colonel Karpov.
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIId, Folder 1
Dispatches concerning the murder of Agent Chizhikov ("Yost,"
"Est"),
1908-1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIId, Folder 2
Reports on the alleged suicide of Agent Lisovskii,
1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIId, Folder 3
Burtsev's action against Garting and against the Paris
Okhrana in general,
1909-1912
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIId, Folder 4
Terrorist Emma and her access to a Riga prison,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIId, Folder 5
Accounts of the attempt on the life of staff agent von Kotten
by Rips,
1909-1913
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIId, Folder 6
Notes and telegrams referring to the assassination of Colonel
Karpov,
1909
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXVIId, Folder 7
Dispatches, notes, and reports on various matters,
1905-1916
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Boxes 217-227, 237-238,
245
XXVIII. Miscellaneous
Access
This portion of the collection was not microfilmed.
Scope and Contents note
An assembly of various items preserved as found in the shipment by Ambassador
Maklakov. They remain with the collection as part of the original archive.
Items include unused stationery, papers, pencils, and erasers, and other
items found in the desk drawers of Okhrana Chief Krasil'nikov; stamps for
office use and sealing wax, folders of maps and European city plans;
telephone book, dictionaries, and a collection of calling cards.
Index XXVIII, Box 217
Office stamps for classifying, dating, serializing of documents,
etc.
Index XXVIII, Box 217
Pencils, pens, and sealing wax
Index XXVIII, Box 218
Personal telephone directory (some entries), alphabetized
portfolio (empty)
Index XXVIII, Box 218
Three printers' cuts of unidentified photographs
Index XXVIII, Boxes 218, 238
Unused stationary of the Russian Embassy in Paris and the M.V.D.
(Okhrana) office; official envelopes, one with the seal A.N.; unused
scrap paper pad; loose paper
Index XXVIII, Box 218
Assortment of medical prescriptions for Chief
Krasil'nikov
Index XXVIII, Box 219
Empty portfolio for Russian bank notes
Index XXVIII, Box 219
Four empty folders for filing incoming and outgoing
dispatches
Index XXVIII, Box 220
Erasers, tape, thread, items from writing desk drawer
Index XXVIII, Box 220
Collection of calling cards
Index XXVIII, Box 220
Three desk blotters and a ruler
Index XXVIII, Boxes 221-225, Map case
Miscellaneous papers, pamphlets and publications
Scope and Contents note
Includes letters of credit from the Crédit Lyonnais, post card albums,
travel guidebooks to various countries and cities, and foreign language
grammar books.
Index XXVIII, Box 225, Map case
Assorted maps and city plans of Europe
Index XXVIII, Box 226
Panoramic photographs of Switzerland, Russian Red Cross in
Stockholm pamphlet, and
Monitore
Italo-Russo,
no. 6, 1917
Box 237
"Source Materials from the Okhrana Archives Pertaining to
Political Intervention of the Central Powers in the Russian
Revolutionary Movement," by Arsene G. Yourieff,
circa 1916
Box 238
French manuscript on Socialist Revolution,
1908
Box 238
Annotated piece of wood,
undated
Box 228
XXIX. Inventories
Access
Available on microfilm reel 402
Index XXIX, Folder 1
Packing list for the contents of 17 boxes prepared for shipping
on August 31, 1920