University of California: In Memoriam, 1992David Krogh, EditorA publication of the Academic Senate, University of California, Information on this publication may be obtained by contacting the Academic Senate Office on any of the University of California campuses. |
Preface
Colleagues, Friends, and Family Members:
We of the University of California Academic Senate have produced this volume of In Memoriam in fond memory of our deceased colleagues. It is our hope that these memorials will serve as fitting tributes to these departed friends, who served the University so well.
Joe S. Bain Jr., Economics: Berkeley
| 1912-1991 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Joe S. Bain Jr., one of the brightest of a star-studded Economics Department during his 36 years here, died of leukemia on September 7, 1991, in Columbus, Ohio. Born on the fourth of July, 1912, in Spokane, Washington, he did his undergraduate work at UCLA and his graduate work at Harvard, obtaining a Ph.D. in 1940. He was appointed lecturer in economics at the University of California, Berkeley in 1939 and remained on this faculty until his retirement in 1975.
Joe's early research interests centered on the economic performance of the Pacific Coast petroleum industry and resulted in the publication, by the UC Press, of three path-breaking volumes between 1944 and 1947. This seminal work has been described as “a landmark in the application and empirical testing of the hypotheses of microeconomic theory with respect to the interrelationships between an industry's structure, conduct, and performance.”
Graduate work in economics at Berkeley during the late 1940s was a broad-ranging and exciting intellectual exercise. As soon as the first-year theory course had been surmounted, a widely acknowledged “must” undertaking, whether for credit or by audit, was Joe Bain's full-year course on industrial organization. The room was always packed, the lectures were filled with a fine blend of theoretical and empirical analysis, and the discussions were lively and informative. One had the feeling of being present at the early, volcanic development of an important new field in economic studies, and indeed such was the case.
For those graduate students lucky enough to associate with Joe outside the classroom, the give-and-take with him not only helped immeasurably to further one's understanding of economics but also
While teaching his field of expertise so brilliantly, Joe was working on his two texts--Pricing, Distribution and Employment: Economics of an Enterprise System and Price Theory--published in 1948 and 1952 respectively and subsequently translated into numerous foreign languages. Then, in rapid succession came his path-breaking Barriers to New Competition (1956) offering “the possibility of new, determinate solutions to the oligopoly problem, and adding important new insights into the relationship between industry and structure, behavior and performance,” followed by his classic text Industrial Organization (1959), which “gave the field the rationale and structure that it retains to this day.”
In the 1960s, Joe served as project director of a study of the California water industry, financed by Resources for the Future, and culminating in the 1966 publication, authored jointly with Richard Caves and Julius Margolis, of Northern California's Water Industry: The Comparative Efficiency of Public Enterprise in Developing a Scarce Natural Resource. Here again is an example of his remarkable ability to pick research areas with long-lasting, escalating policy significance. Yet another is his 1973 book on Environmental Decay--Economic Causes and Remedies.
In 1982 Joe received the signal honor of being elected a Distinguished Fellow of the American Economic Association, which described him as “the undisputed father of modern Industrial Organization Economics.” He was that and much, much more.
He is survived by a daughter, Jennifer Malone, and a son, Joe S. Bain III.
Frank Ambrose Beach, Psychology: Berkeley
| 1911-1988 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Frank Beach died on June 15, 1988. He served the University of California with great distinction for 30 years as an outstanding teacher, researcher, and colleague. His absence has been deeply felt locally, nationally, and internationally by the many people whose lives he touched.
Frank was born on April 13, 1911, in Kansas, where his father was a distinguished professor of music at Emporia State Teachers College. After receiving bachelor's (1933) and master's (1934) degrees from Emporia, Beach enrolled at the University of Chicago, where he came under the influence of Karl Lashley. His graduate work was interrupted by a lack of funds and necessitated a return to Kansas for a year of high-school teaching. Upon his return to Chicago he found Lashley departed for Harvard University, where Beach was to rejoin him in 1936 for a postdoctoral year; but first he completed a doctoral dissertation on the role of the neocortex on maternal behavior of rats.
In 1937, Beach joined the scientific staff of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, where he eventually founded and headed the Department of Animal Behavior. His interactions with biologists of various stripes intensified during these years and were to continue throughout his career. In 1946, he left for Yale University, where he held a Stirling Professorship in the Psychology Department. His appointment to the Berkeley faculty in 1958 reunited him with several old friends (Edwin Ghiselli and David Krech, in particular); he achieved emeritus status in 1978 and remained active in scholarly pursuits and departmental and university life until his death.
Beach and his first wife, Anna Beth (Abu) Odenweiler had two children, Frank and Susan. After Abu's death in 1971 he married Noel
Beach had a lifelong interest in animal behavior. The mating patterns of mammals and the role of hormones in the organization and activation of male and female sexuality were enduring concerns. Over a span of nearly 5 decades he developed objective behavioral categories for the description of behavior, and specified the manner in which hormones, the external environment, the animal's past history, and the nervous system interact to control behavioral actions. In 1948, Beach authored the book Hormones and Behavior, an influential treatise which ushered in the modern era of behavioral endocrinology. He was the founding editor of the journal Hormones and Behavior which remains the principal scientific publication in this field. Beach also made enduring contributions to the study of human sexuality, beginning with Patterns of Sexual Behavior, co-authored with C.S. Ford and, including the four chapters he contributed to the book, he edited Four Perspectives in Human Sexuality. Beach was a valued consultant to the major institutes devoted to human sex research and was president of the International Academy of Sex Research in 1977.
From his earliest laboratory work and in his many subsequent writings, Beach emphasized the importance of the comparative perspective in animal behavior. He developed warm friendships with the ethologists Robert Hinde and Niko Tinbergen, and played an important role in introducing American psychologists to the work of European ethologists. Although Frank seemed to value empirical observations more than speculative theorizing, he repeatedly redefined the conceptual underpinnings of behavioral endocrinology and his persistent insistence on clarification of terminology and reminders that behavioral classification must precede physiological and biochemical analysis were necessary tonics for younger investigators impatient to get on with the study of underlying mechanisms.
Beach was the “compleat” scholar, having implemented extensive programmatic research, authored critical theoretical articles and monographs, trained many students, including more than 20 who received Berkeley Ph.Ds, developed and successfully taught large undergraduate courses, served on many university committees and held office in national and international professional societies. He was the founding director of the Field Station for Behavioral Research, a facility dedicated to the study of animals in semi-natural settings. His partners in starting the Station were Sherwood Washburn of Anthropology and Peter Marler of Zoology.
Frank Beach received virtually every honor open to a biological psychologist, including election to the National Academy of Sciences, the American Philosophical Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was awarded the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award of the American Psychological Association, the Warren Medal of the Society of Experimental Psychologists, and the American Psychological Foundation's award for distinguished teaching in biological psychology. Locally he was the Faculty Research Lecturer in 1977 and received the Berkeley Citation.
Professor Beach was an invaluable mentor to junior colleagues, an outstanding university and departmental citizen whose wisdom and boundless enthusiasm for new ideas are sorely missed.
Eli M. Bower, Education: Berkeley
| 1917-1991 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Eli M. (Mike) Bower, whose research and teaching was dedicated to helping children and youth with disabilities, died suddenly of a heart condition on December 20, 1991, at the age of 74. He was born in New York City in 1917, and received a BA degree from New York University in 1937, an MA degree from Columbia University in psychology and guidance in 1937, and Ed.D. from Stanford University in 1957. He served as a lieutenant in the U.S. Navy in photographic intelligence from 1942-1946.
His career in education began as a teacher and counselor of emotionally disturbed children in Hawthorne, New York, and continued as a teacher and psychologist in California. From 1950-1960, he was a consultant in the California State Department of Education and a pioneer in the field of early childhood education of handicapped children. During these years, he instituted programs in school districts throughout the state in the education of mentally retarded and emotionally disturbed children, and coordinated research on the emotionally disturbed. His interest and research also included education of the gifted student. He served both on the Governor's Advisory Committee on Children and Youth, and on the State Board of Managers of the California Congress of Parents and Teachers.
From 1960-1962, Bower was Deputy Director of Mental Hygiene for the State of California, and in 1962 became a consultant in Mental Health in Education for the National Institute of Mental Health in Bethesda, Maryland. During his tenure at NIMH he was a member of President Kennedy's White House Conference on Children and Youth. In 1966 he was requested by the U.S. Department of Defense to make a comprehensive report of the U.S. Dependent Schools in the European Area, which focused on mental and emotional problems of
While at NIMH, Bower helped organize the National Pupil Personnel Commission to do a series of research studies on the relative efficacy of various staffing patterns of local school mental-health services. In 1964-1965, in cooperation with the leadership of the U.S. Office of Education, he authored and developed a special Title to be included in the National Mental Health Centers Act which brought financing for the first time to special classes for the emotionally handicapped in public schools.
During his years of leadership in the American Orthopsychiatry Association, he quietly and efficiently expanded the contribution and utilization of nonclinical members to help the organization become in reality a multidisciplinary organization promoting the mental health of children. His work with NIMH took him to virtually every state in the U.S.
In 1968, Bower returned to California to become a Professor of Education at the University of California, Berkeley. Here, he helped create, with San Francisco State University, a highly successful and innovative joint doctoral program in special education. He was a leader and co-director of this program until his retirement in 1986. From 1974-1976, he served as Associate Dean of the Graduate Division, and as Director of Health and Medical Sciences, established as an experimental program for medical students, sponsored jointly with UCSF Medical School.
Also during his tenure at Berkeley, Bower was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship as professor at Boğaziçi University in Istanbul, Turkey, and he later served a two-year term as University Ombudsman at Berkeley. In February, 1979, Bower was asked to participate as an expert in his field at the Western Pacific Regional Workshop on Mental Health in Taipei, Taiwan, sponsored by The Chinese National Association for Mental Hygiene.
As a professor at Berkeley, Bower created a forum for graduate students that made a profound and lasting contribution to their professional development. He showed them that personality is the integration of what a person says with what he or she does, and he encouraged students to speak and act in significant ways. The merger
Bower's research was focused on mental retardation, sensory defects and emotional disturbance, with an emphasis on early detection. He did extensive research on children's play, stressing cross-cultural play. The mainstreaming of exceptional children in the classroom was one of his primary interests. He was author of many books and articles dealing with his numerous fields of interest. The guidelines for identifying children with emotional handicaps in federal law PL94142 were based on the conceptual model developed in his book, The Early Identification of Children with Educational Handicaps.
Mike Bower was a warm and caring person devoted to his family and his students. He made every effort to support and assist both those whom he had in class and those whom he advised in their research endeavors. His positive attitude gave renewed strength to those who needed support during difficult times and made him a role model for many professionals now serving in our schools. Mike is one who made a significant contribution to children and youth and who will be missed as a person whose values made the world of academia a better place for both students and colleagues.
George M. Briggs, Nutritional Sciences: Berkeley
| 1919-1989 | |
| Professor of Nutrition, Emeritus |
George Briggs grew up on a fruit farm near the University of Wisconsin campus at Madison, where his father was a Cooperative Extension agronomist. He obtained the BS, MS and Ph.D. (1944) degrees in biochemistry from the university at Madison, one of the country's leading center for research in nutrition and biochemistry. In the 1940s, the emphasis at Madison was on the structure and functions of the B vitamins and also on the nutrient requirements of different species, especially B vitamin and mineral research, which remained the major emphases of his research career. He was a member of the university-industry collaborative group whose research led to the discovery of vitamin B-12. In 1958, he received the Borden Award in experimental nutrition, especially for his work in avian nutrition.
After completing postdoctoral work at Madison, he held faculty positions at the University of Maryland and at the University of Minnesota before going to the National Institutes of Health in 1951 as Chief of the Nutrition Unit of the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases and later (1958-60), as Executive Secretary of the Biochemistry, Nutrition and Pharmacology Training committees of the Division of General Medical Sciences.
In the late 1950s, the University of California at Berkeley decided to expand nutrition as one of the campus biological science emphases and to create a new department for this purpose, under the direction of a chair who would be able to attract and recruit outstanding faculty. In 1960 Briggs was selected as the first chair for the new Department of Nutritional Sciences. Under his chairmanship (1960-70), the research, teaching and community service activities of the department expanded rapidly, especially research in human nutrition, for which a special metabolic unit was created to house volunteers for
Briggs was also a comparative biologist, and realized the value of using a variety of animal species to study basic biology or to be unique model systems to study problems related to the metabolism of higher animals. Some of his Berkeley research concerned the nutritional requirements of nematodes under axenic (i.e., germ-free) conditions, so that the responses observed would not be complicated by the presence of other “contaminating” organisms, such as bacteria. Cultivation of these organisms on defined media was necessary to understand nutrient-genetic interactions in cellular development. This research was begun in the early 1960s, in collaboration with Ellsworth Dougherty, a pioneer in axenic cultivation whose laboratory became part of the department.
He was critical of the compositional adequacy of experimental diets used in published experiments and of the clarity with which diet composition and other aspects of experimental design, especially suitable dietary control, were reported. These problems and their solutions are clearly (and humorously) presented in his article, with Heather Greenfield in the 1971 Annual Review of Biochemistry. He was the first chair of the American Institute of Nutrition's (AIN) Committee for Dietary Standards for Laboratory Animals. Briggs' research on mineral requirements of the rat, guinea pig, and poultry contributed significantly to the formulation of the standard mineral mixtures developed for these species by the AIN.
One of Briggs' unique attributes was his ability to keep up with current research publications. He did this by getting in 3 hours of reading before breakfast each day. His personal collection of research papers was used by many in department, from undergraduates to faculty. These files were a source not just of current information, but were also an automatic mechanism for acquiring an historical perspective in a field. Who could resist exploring into the background of a topic, when so many related papers were right at hand in the file folder?
The research interests of the department faculty were always foremost in his mind, and he constantly directed the attention of the individuals to articles that he had encountered, with a note signed “GB.” Even though his devotion in reading Current Contents was shared by every member of the department, he set a standard that challenged less energetic souls.
GB was a family man, and the department was part of his family. He wanted his family to succeed, and in writing letters of recommendation
Briggs' strong commitment to education and public service led to his work in establishing the Society for Nutrition Education and the Journal of Nutrition Education. He was the first President of the Society for Nutrition Education and the Journal of Nutrition Education. He was the first President of the Society and the Executive Editor of the Journal from 1969-76. He authored, together with Doris Calloway, a popular undergraduate nutrition text, Nutrition and Physical Fitness. He was honored posthumously by the American Institute of Nutrition, which awarded him the Conrad A. Elvehjem Award in recognition of his distinguished service to the public through the science of nutrition.
His many accomplishments and offices held include: the Presidency (1967-68) of the AIN, to which he was also elected a Fellow in 1986; membership of the Committee on Dietary Allowances of the National Research Council's Food and Nutrition Board, and of the Editorial Boards of many journals, including the Journal of Nutrition, the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition Reviews, and Poultry Science. His advice was widely sought by many groups, both in public service and in industry. At the 1969 White House Conference on Food, Nutrition and Health, he chaired the panel on Nutrition Education in Elementary and Secondary Schools. He co-authored a chapter on nutrition education for the public in the report, “U.S. Nutrition Policies in the Seventies” . In 1972, he testified on nutrition education before the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. One outcome of the hearings was legislation to establish the Nutrition Education and Training Program in public schools.
GB's death in 1989 from a rapidly developing cancer was most unexpected. He is survived by his wife Eleanor; daughters Catherine, Marilyn, and Nancy; and several grandchildren.
Herschel B. Chipp, History of Art: Berkeley
| 1913-1992 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Herschel B. Chipp, one of Berkeley's most beloved teachers and an inspirer of generations of students in the understanding and appreciation of modern art, died after a short illness in San Francisco on February 8, 1992. He had taught at the University for 26 years. He was born in 1913 in New Hampton, Missouri. In World War II he served as a lieutenant in the U.S. Navy (1941-46). His experience at the bombing of Pearl Harbor was to be extremely meaningful in his life. He had hoped to attend the 50th Anniversary of Pearl Harbor in 1992. After the War, Herschel returned to California and earned a bachelor's degree in the practice of art (1947) and a master's degree in art history at Berkeley (1948). Here, he established strong, lasting personal and professional ties with the best of the artistic community of California, artists, critics and collectors. He continued his graduate studies at Columbia where he received the Ph.D. degree under the guidance of Meyer Schapiro, writing his thesis on French Cubism. A Fulbright scholar in Paris, he studied at the Sorbonne and the Ecole du Louvre and also in Munich at the Zentralinstitut fuür Kunstgeschichte. He returned to join the Berkeley faculty in 1953. He had retired in 1979.
Herschel's scholarly interests centered on French, Spanish and German art at the turn of the 20th century in an approach unrestricted by national and cultural boundaries and ideologies. A collector and great connoisseur of African sculpture, an admirer of folk art and country music, a keen reader of modern poetry, Chipp was at ease with artists as few art historians of his generation have been. He understood their language and was truly informed of the techniques, media, and psychology of artistic creation. This rare quality sharpened
His interest in cubism led him to meet and become acquainted for many years with Picasso and with other leading figures of the French cubist circles. His involvement with Picasso's art culminated in a major, widely acclaimed book. Picasso's Guernica: History, Transformations, Meanings, an authoritative, exemplary study of art in context and the recipient of numerous awards in the U.S. and abroad. In addition to numerous articles in leading journals, Chipp's other major book was his Theories of Modern Art, of which he was the main author with co-authors Peter Selz and Joshua Taylor, a fundamental source book of the writings by critics and artists from Cezanne to Bacon that has undergone many printings and foreign editions. He also contributed major essays in important exhibitions catalogues.
For years, Chipp offered a variety of lecture courses in modern art that his students and auditors have long remembered for their clarity, elegance, subtlety of thinking, and for his invention of innovative pedagogical techniques of presentation. The striking formulations and images he used in his lectures soon became legendary, since he used a unique and most personal manner to describe and discuss the work of art. He also trained numerous graduate students who valued his impeccable scholarship, his devotion to teaching, his intellectual tolerance, and his respect for the opinions of others.
Chipp's career in the University was fulfilled to a unique point when he instigated what became in 1970 the University Art Museum. From 1960 to 1965 he spared no effort to prepare for the creation of a large campus art forum and museum. He created the University Art Gallery, the first incarnation of the University Art Museum and served as its acting director. There, he organized important shows: Art from Ingres to Pollock (1960), Linearity in Modern Painting and Drawing (1962), Viennese Expressionism (1963), Onze Sculpteurs Américains, 1963. Outside the University, his career expanded into a sustained activity as a university and museum lecturer, as a panel discussant and as Visiting Professor to Columbia University (1950-53) and the Universities of British Columbia and Southern California (1960 and 1980).
Chipp's sensitivity and astuteness, his common sense and restraint, and his well-known integrity made him a much sought-after member of, and advisor to numerous governing boards and a juror of exhibitions. In the University, he acted as wise administrator and counsel in
He is survived by his wife, Heide Chipp; his son Dennis; and a niece, Susan.
O'Neil Ray Collins, Botany: Berkeley
| 1931-1989 | |
| Professor |
O'Neil Ray Collins was born on March 9, 1931, the eighth of nine children of cotton farmers in Plaisance, Louisiana, and died in Orinda, California, on April 8, 1989. In his 58 years he became a husband, a father and grandfather, an outstanding teacher and mentor, a much sought-after administrator, and an internationally recognized expert on slime-mold genetics.
Ray's roots were unusual for a mycologist and unique among biology faculty at Berkeley, and he was proud of them. He would tell stories about dances from his childhood in Louisiana where the doorman would only admit party goers with light skin, or how distant relatives would attempt to “pass” (for white) to have a better life. He pointed out that the more successful they were, the more tragic it was because they were forever cut off from family and home. Ray was a pioneer, and he was not afraid to point out that his experiences, and therefore his perspectives, were different. For him to do anything less would have been like trying to “pass.”
Ray graduated from Plaisance, Louisiana, High School in 1948. Following service in the United States Army in Europe, he became the first in his family to graduate from college, earning the bachelor of science degree in botany from Southern University in January 1957. His first exposure to mycology was at the hands of Lafayette Frederick, then a professor at Southern. Ray's memories of fungi, however, predated his college years considerably, and he would regale students with stories of the huge white globes in Louisiana that he later recognized as puff balls, or the yeast culture his mother kept in the form of bread dough, and how she could tell from the sourness when it was time to buy some more yeast from the store.
It was Lafayette Frederick who encouraged Ray to seek graduate training, and Ray moved to the Botany Department of the University of Iowa. In the late 1950s, Iowa was a center for mycology owing to the presence of Constantine Alexopoulos and George Martin. Ray studied with Alexopoulos, earning a master's degree in 1959 and a doctorate in 1961. While at Iowa, Ray met Ann Walker, a graduate of Berea College in Kentucky and a student in speech and drama at Iowa. Ray and Ann formed a true partnership, and he maintained that it was her belief in him that gave him the courage, early in his career, to apply for academic positions outside the circle of African American colleges in the South. Ray's thesis, documenting his discovery of heterothallism and homothallism in the plasmodial slime molds, Physarum and Didymium, was a milestone in myxomycete genetics. Ray shared his excitement of the discovery of myxomycete mating types with his students, right down to the crucial experiment, started during a football game between Iowa and its arch rival; the plasmodia had formed by the end of the game. His teaching assistants heard the story more than once, and it was as good the last time as the first. He wasn't afraid to show emotion in public, and when he waved his hands and used his big voice to say, “I was really excited when I learned this,” his students remembered.
In January 1961, Ray accepted a position as instructor at Queens College in New York. Segregation was still widely practiced, and he asked G.W. Martin to make sure that the faculty at Queens knew his race. The chairman at Queens, T.S.K. Johnson, wrote back, “I do not see any reason to forward the information you have given me... because it ought not to be of any consequence in our consideration of his candidacy.” Later that year Ray and Ann became the parents of twin girls, Angela and Marianne. He devoted his summers to research in Ian Ross's Laboratory at Yale, where he made the discovery of multiple mating-type alleles in Didymium. After two years at Queens, Ray accepted a position on the faculty at Southern University, where he continued to work on heterothallism and homothallism in Didymium. In 1965, after two years as an associate professor at Southern, he moved to Wayne State University in Detroit where he began studies of plasmodial incompatibility, again earned tenure, and, in 1966, celebrated with Ann the birth of their third daughter, Lila. Ray's laboratory at Wayne State was very productive, and he and his colleagues thoroughly investigated the genetics of plasmodial fusion and the inheritance of plasmodial pigmentation.
In 1968, Melvin Fuller left the University of California at Berkeley for the University of Georgia, and the Botany faculty at Berkeley,
Under Collins' leadership the Graduate Division also developed the Graduate Minority Program, which has helped minority students enter and succeed in all departments over the last 20 years. When the U.S. Department of Education invited five research universities to share funds that it had established for promoting minority participation in graduate programs, Berkeley was the only one ready to provide the needed matching funds, and so moved to a leadership role in this arena, which has become increasingly important as a national goal.
Despite this heavy administrative load, Ray's research program flourished as the genetic control and cytotoxicity of plasmodial incompatibility were unraveled in Physarumand Didymium. During this period, Jim Clark (now at the University of Kentucky) earned the Ph.D. with Ray by studying the genetics of plasmodial incompatibility. In 1974, Ray was awarded a prestigious Miller Professorship for research and his investigations returned to mating-type diversity in a number of species of Myomycetes.
From 1976 to 1981, Ray served as Chairman of the Department of Botany. His reign as chairman coincided with the advent of the reorganization of biological sciences at Berkeley. In spite of the turmoil associated with the reorganization, he directed the hiring of four new faculty. One of these hirings is memorable to one of the committee members because Ray went to extraordinary effort (including resigning his chairmanship, which the dean later persuaded him to resume) to convince the administration, which had “gone molecular,” to appoint a young mycologist and electron microscopist to replace the late Professor Ralph Emerson. In these years, the Collins laboratory continued its scrutiny of myxomycete reproductive biology and speciation, and began cytospectrophotometric and allozyme studies
Ray served mycology first as Chairman of the Botanical Society of American section on Microbiology in 1968. He served the Mycological Society of America as Councilor in Genetics and Cytology from 1980-1983, and as a member of the editorial board of Mycologia from 1981-1984. Throughout the 1980s, he exploited his administrative talents and served as a director of the Berkeley Faculty Club, principal officer of the Biosystematists (the Northern California society of evolutionary biologists), vice president in 1985-86 of the Berkeley chapter of Phi Beta Kappa, and host and presiding officer for the International Physarum Conference in 1987. In these years, his research focused on interconvertibility between heterothallism and apomixis in Didymium and Stemonitis, and he began investigations into mitochondrial DNA inheritance in Didymium. In 1987, Ray graduated his two final doctoral students, Margaret Silliker (now at DePaul), who worked on mitochondrial inheritance in Didymium, and Paul Bayman (now at Tulane), who studied homothallism in the basidiomycete genus Coprinus.
Ray was an exceptional biologist in many ways. He remains the only African-American biologist to have held a tenured position at Berkeley, and one of the few highly visible black biologists in this country. His contributions to increasing the ethnic diversity of the University's student body, and broadening the awareness of all students included his obtaining one of the first HEW grants to attract minority graduate students to Berkeley, and the creation in 1987 of an introductory biology course: Biology, Evolution and Race. Berkeley was fortunate to keep Collins because he had many requests to apply for chairmanships and higher administrative positions at other institutions. He kept Federal grant support throughout his career, and his laboratory was a great place to study fungi. In addition to his students, he attracted talented technicians, Hsi-Chi (Tom) Tang and Tom Gong, and visiting scientists, among them, Dale Therrien from Pennsylvania State University, Tom Gaither from Slippery Rock College, and Samuel Alasoadura from the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Ray had the ability to keep the big picture in view and not get lost in details; the same talent that made him such an effective
At a non-academic level, Ray contributed his talents as an actor to a University enterprise: He and Ann were members of the Drama Section in the Faculty Wives Section Club, which has held monthly play-readings for many years. With his tall figure and deep voice abetting a natural theatrical talent, Ray elicited admiration for his readings of many leading roles.
In 1988, he began to suffer the effects of a prolonged illness, eventually diagnosed as Hodgkin's Disease, which led to his death the following year. His dignity in the face of the unimaginable frustration of cancer provided an unforgettable lesson. He was given Berkeley's highest award, the Berkeley Citation, and other honors would surely have come his way. He is honored best, of course, by his family and his scientific legacy.
Leland Erskin Cunningham, Astronomy: Berkeley
| 1904-1989 | |
| Associate Professor Emeritus |
Leland Cunningham was born in Wiscasset, Maine, on February 10, 1904. He died at his home in Richmond, California, on May 31, 1989. He was 85 years old.
Cunningham received an undergraduate degree in 1940 and Ph.D. in 1946, both from Harvard University. From 1942 to 1946 he worked at the Ballistic Research Laboratories at the Aberdeen Proving Ground, where he made early applications of computers to problems of ballistic trajectories. He joined the faculty of the Department of Astronomy at Berkeley in 1946 and retired in 1972, but remained very active in research. An internationally known authority on orbit theory and the determination of the orbits of comets, asteroids, and satellites, both natural and artificial, he was an expert in the application of computers to the solution of numerical problems.
Cunningham was a member of the American Astronomical Society, The Astronomical Society of the Pacific, and the American Mathematical Society. He was a fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society and the British Astronomical Association.
He was the only child of Raymond and Lillian (Grover) Cunningham. His 19-year-old mother died only three weeks after his birth and he was raised by his father and his paternal grandmother, Julia (Bailey) Cunningham. He grew up a very bright but very shy and retiring child, always avoiding the limelight. He refused to graduate from high school with the rest of his class because he was scheduled to give the valedictorian address.
The family moved from Maine to Cohasset, Massachusetts, after Leland's high school graduation, and Leland eventually entered Harvard University. There, his lifelong interest in the determination of the orbits of objects in the solar system developed through his association with Fred Whipple, the Harvard expert in that field.
At Harvard, Cunningham discovered a comet for which he received much publicity. By chance, the Ford Motor Company was just then introducing their new Mercury Comet automobile. As a promotional scheme, the company, with much fanfare, presented a new Comet to Cunningham. Cunningham remained loyal to Ford automobiles forever after! He disliked air travel and avoided it whenever possible. His preferred mode of transportation was either train or motorcar.
Cunningham was an avid puzzle solver. It is reported that even as a child he was frequently listed in the Old Farmer's Almanac for solving the “stumpers” that appeared in that publication. As an adult, his interest in solving puzzles turned to bridge, at which he was an expert and a frequent player.
Cunningham, who never married, lived along with several pet cats. His home was maintained by a loyal housekeeper-cook, who remained in his employment for 40 years. He enjoyed a variety of hobbies. He had a large garden which contained many berries, fruits, and vegetables. In his earlier years at Berkeley he purchased a boat and enjoyed cruising on San Francisco Bay, and up to the Delta and the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers. As a bird watcher, he encouraged birds to come to his garden by feeding them. He dabbled in real estate in California and in New England.
Cunningham carried out his teaching assignments with the same quiet dignity that characterized all other phases of his life. He always appeared in a three-piece suit and lectured in a soft voice. In the early 1950s he regularly gave an undergraduate course in numerical analysis, not a popular topic with the students. The course used mechanical calculators and made extensive use of highly accurate trig tables. The students believed no other science course could possibly be so burdened. (The course also had standards for the hardness of pencil as well as the quality and type of ruled paper on which the computations were made.) Cunningham radiated gentle yet firm discipline.
Leland Cunningham was a shy, quiet, very polite, very private person. He tended to work alone in his office until very late at night. He died at home working at his computer. He was attempting to establish a very precise orbit of the Earth, more accurate than any currently available. He is buried in White Cemetery, Wiscasset, Maine, alongside his mother.
George Franklin Dales Jr., South Asian Archaeology: Berkeley
| 1927-1992 | |
| Professor |
A field archaeologist and university professor of ancient Near Eastern and South Asian civilization, George Dales began his academic career at the University of Akron, Ohio, where he received a bachelor's degree in classical studies in 1953. His attraction to ancient civilization and to that of the orient in particular was stimulated in part by his boyhood fascination with the antiquities drawn from all over the world, that were in his paternal grandparents' “curio” shops, first in Akron and later in Vero Beach, Florida. His fascination with the orient continued to grow during his service in China with the U.S. Marine Corps from 1945-48 and, after a second three-year period of military service, his eventual focus on the region of Mesopotamia drew him, in 1953, to the graduate program at the University of Pennsylvania, where his studies included ancient Near Eastern art, archaeology and history, and the Sumerian, Akkadian and Hurrian languages.
As a Fellow of the Baghdad School of the American Schools of Oriental Research for two successive years in 1957-58 and in 1958-59, Dales quickly demonstrated an aptitude for field archaeology. Initially he was a member of the expedition of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago at Nippur in southern Iraq and in the summer of 1959 he joined the expedition of The University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania at Hasanlu in northwestern Iran. It may be noted that he also became Robert H. Dyson Jr.'s first research assistant in the Near Eastern Section of The University Museum.
Dales received the Ph.D. in 1960 with a dissertation entitled “Mesopotamian and Related Female Figurines: Their Chronology, Diffusion and Cultural Functions.” In what was then a novel departure, the breadth of this study persuaded the University of Pennsylvania to
Aside from the important early guidance of Dyson, Dales much enjoyed the lively teaching of Speiser, who taught him Mesopotamian art and archaeology and the Akkadian and Hurrian languages in the cuneiform script. But Dales was especially influenced and inspired by his association with another of his principal teachers, Samuel Noah Kramer, the noted Sumerologist. From 1955 to 1957, Dales (together with his fellow students and good friends, Robert Clayton McNeil and Anne Draffkorn) spent some six hours nearly every Saturday copying Sumerian cuneiform tablet fragments in the University Museum. This tedious but instructive work was done under the watchful eye of Kramer. The slowness of the task led the inventive Dales to devise a new method in the photography of tablets. The (baked) tablets were covered with liquid latex which, when it had set, duly contained the impressions of the cuneiform signs in reverse. The latex casing was then removed from the tablet by cutting a single seam and it was laid out flat so that all the inscribed surfaces (obverse, reverse, upper and lower edges, right and left edges) were available on a single sheet. Plaster was subsequently poured over the latex and, from the resultant cast, it was possible, of course to record the entire inscription in a single photograph. The significance of this innovation was that each tablet required only one photograph instead of the usual two (for obverse and reverse) or six or more photographs (in order to accommodate all the inscribed edges, plus any further surfaces where distortions from curvature were anticipated).
With the direct encouragement of Kramer, who was a strong believer in the existence of early contacts between the Indus Valley and southern Mesopotamia, Dales' first independent archaeological surveys were conducted in 1959 in the Bandar Abbas region of southern Iran and in 1960 along the Arabian Sea coast of Pakistan. Such pioneer explorations also led in due course to Dales' excavations between 1973 and 1979 at the site of Balakot, a westerly outpost of the Harappan civilization.
Dales held several university appointments before he came to Berkeley in the early 1970s. From 1961 to 1963 he was a special lecturer at the University of Toronto, Canada, at a time when he also represented the Royal Ontario Museum on excavations at Nippur, at the Old City of Jerusalem (under the direction of Kathleen Kenyon),
These were years within which his professional activities matured and expanded. He took on the editorship for the south Asian region for the Council for Old World Archaeology Surveys and Bibliographies (1963-72), he served as a Fellow of the Asia Society (1966-72), and as an Associate of Columbia University's Seminar on the Archaeology of the East Mediterranean, In addition, his appointment as a consultant on the Conservation and Preservation of Asia's Cultural Heritage on behalf of the Ford Foundation (1969-92) took him on journeys to Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Thailand, and Indonesia.
From 1963 onwards Dales began to be increasingly engaged in South Asian studies. In particular, he was one of the first scholars to champion a view that floods and other natural disasters might have been a primary cause of the decline of the Harappan civilization. Never frightened of contention, he directly challenged the established view that it was the invasions of the Indo-Aryans that had brought about the fall of the Harappan world and, in an article entitled “The Mythical Massacre of Mohenjo Daro,” he argued that the eminent Sir Mortimer Wheeler had misinterpreted a critical part of his own excavated evidence from the great site of Mohenjo Daro. Indeed, his spirited involvement in these questions (in which he never lost his ultimate regard for Wheeler's contributions to Harappan archaeology) led, naturally enough, to his own excavations at Mohenjo Daro in 1964-65.
Between 1968 and 1972 he found time to co-direct training excavations for Thai students at the early Buddhist site of Chansen in Thailand, to serve as Project Director for The University Museum's excavations at two Iron Age sites in Sri Lanka, and to conduct three seasons of work at the first millennium B.C. site of Nad-i Ali in Afghan Sistan. It was also within these years that he communicated his enthusiasm for Harappan studies, and for South Asian archaeology in general, to numerous students including, most notably, Louis Flam, Marcia Fentress, Vimala Begley, and Patrick Kirch. This aspect of his contribution was recognized by the Distinguished Teaching Award of the University of Pennsylvania.
In 1972 Dales joined the faculty of the University of California at Berkeley as a member of the Department of Near Eastern Studies. A year later this appointment was adjusted to a half-time appointment in the Department of Near Eastern Studies and a half-time appointment in the Department of South and Southeast Asian Studies. This latter arrangement permitted him to offer courses in both ancient Near Eastern and ancient South Asian archaeology and history. From 1980 until the time of his death, however, he devoted all his energies and talents to the Department of South and Southeast Asian Studies, which he chaired from April 1979 through December 1980. He also served as Chairman of Berkeley's Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies from 1980-1982.
The centerpiece of Dales' long career in the field consisted of his celebrated excavations at Harappa, where the first season began in 1986. These new excavations came to focus on the little-explored transition from the Early Harappan period to the Harappan period, on the graves and the physical remains from the Harappan-phase cemetery, and on the hitherto unexamined structure of Mound E. At the same time a full-scale field laboratory was set in place and a separate training program for Pakistani and American students was introduced. In spite of his own worsening health, Professor Dales continued to take an active part in the project down to the time of the last excavation season in 1990 and during the study seasons that followed. In all these activities he was most closely supported by his wife, Barbara Bradley Dales, who served as the registrar and book-keeper on this, as on so many of his other expeditions.
Aside from his teaching responsibilities on the Berkeley campus, Dales was an energetic researcher, writer, administrator, and faculty member. He served on numerous committees during his years at Berkeley and his service to his profession continued to be exemplary. In particular, he chaired the American Institute of Indian Studies; he was a member of the Board of Directors of the American Institute of Pakistani Studies and the Association for Field Archaeology; and he was a founding member of both the Society for Harappan Studies and The American Institute for Archaeology in Pakistan (of which he was also the President from 1985 to 1989). In addition, he held editorships for American Antiquity (1972-76) and Archaeology (1972-1992) and was named a Fellow of the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco.
In his long career, Dales published more than 80 articles and monographs. His books include Excavations at Mohenjo Daro: The
An individual with an unflagging sense of adventure, Dales participated in 30 seasons in the field between 1957 and 1992. The thrill that Dales and Kramer both hoped for, namely the discovery of a bilingual inscription that would unlock the secrets of the Indus Valley script, never materialized. But Dales' researches into the relationship between Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley and his many other contributions to the study of Near Eastern and South Asian history and archaeology can be said to have made a lasting and significant mark--and to have left a secure foundation for the researches of others to follow. Furthermore, he will be long remembered for his invaluable role in introducing modern scientific methods in the field of South Asian archaeology.
As a teacher, scholar, and friend, George F. Dales will be much missed. His death leaves a very considerable gap in Berkeley's academic programs--in the archaeology program of South and South East Asian Studies and in the Graduate Program in Ancient History and Mediterranean Archaeology--as well as in the larger international community of Old World historians, art historians, and archaeologists.
Boysie Eugene Day, Horticultural Science: Riverside and Berkeley
| 1917-1988 | |
| Professor of Horticultural Science and Plant Physiology |
It is no easy task to summarize the life of a complex and exceptionally talented man such as Professor Boysie Day. He was a brilliant scholar, outstanding military officer, exceedingly able teacher and lecturer, gifted in the mechanical arts, and a natural leader of men. Typical of agricultural scientists of his generation, Day came from a farm background. This enhanced his ability to communicate effectively with farmers and farm organizations, and it gave him added insight into their concerns. He was a voracious, omnivorous reader, an entrancing raconteur, and a devoted husband and family man. He was a warm, generous, and loyal friend. His wide circle of friends and acquaintances included a remarkably broad range of social and ethnic groups. Naturally friendly and gregarious, he was as much at home in philosophical discussions with intellectuals as in small talk with farm laborers or the aboriginal peoples of New Guinea. He corresponded with scientific colleagues scattered over many countries of the world. His travels as a military officer, scientist, and, in his retirement years as a sailor, gave him a broad insight into, and tolerance for, the diversity of peoples and cultures.
On June 5, 1988, at the age of 70, Boysie died of leukemia at his home in Point Richmond, California. He is survived by his devoted wife, Connie (née Constance Everett), who shared with him his vigorous and terrifying World War II experiences as well as his later brilliant success as a scientist and administrator. He leaves a son, Everett, working abroad and two daughters, Martha Holmer of San Pablo, California, Katie Jones of Milpitas, California, and three grandchildren.
Day was born September 9, 1917, in Haile, Louisiana, but grew up in Arizona. He earned a B.S. degree in range management in June 1939 and an M.S. in plant physiology in 1940 from the University of Arizona, Tucson. He served as a military officer in World War II during the period 1940-1946 and began graduate studies at the University of California, first at Berkeley and later at Davis, where he received his Ph.D. in plant physiology in June 1950 under the direction of Alden S. Crafts, a world pioneer in weed science.
In 1940, he was commissioned a second lieutenant and was posted to the Pacific Theatre of war in General McArthur's army. He participated in the island hopping that culminated in the liberation of the Philippines, rising to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. He received many decorations for his military exploits, but the recognition he cherished most was a painting commissioned by the city fathers of a town in the Philippines that was liberated from the Japanese by the unit commanded by Major B.E. Day. The painting depicts him in a heroic pose leading his troops. On demobilization, he held the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. After World War II, he served in the U.S. Army Reserve with the rank of Colonel. In 1954, he directed the field training of the officers of the Army Corps of Engineers in the 11 western states. He did similar duty for the Army Signal Corps in the 1955-57 period. He resigned from the Army Reserve in 1960, refusing an assignment (carrying the rank of Brigadier General) that he deemed would have detracted too much time and energy from his scientific career.
After receiving his Ph.D. in 1950, he accepted a position as Junior Plant Physiologist at the University of California, Riverside, and continued his scientific and administrative career with the University of California throughout his professional life, transferring to the Berkeley campus in 1971 and retiring in 1979.
Professor Day made his major scientific contributions while on the Riverside campus. He and his associates' major research interests centered around the use of chemical herbicides, their practical applications in agriculture, mode of action on plants, and fate in soils or on plant surfaces. His greatest contribution was poineering the development of non-tillage as a viable agricultural practice. In the 1960s, he was the first to demonstrate with comprehensive long-range experiments in California subtropical fruit orchards that non-cultivation sustained over a period of years had no negative effects on yield or quality and had a positive effect on production costs and on soil tilth. At the time, these findings were contrary to the conventional wisdom of most agricultural scientists and farm managers who believed in the
In 1964, his outstanding scientific accomplishments and leadership were recognized by his appointment as Chairman of National Academy of Sciences Committee on Weed Pests. He was later commissioned to put together and edit their publication, Weed Control. This comprehensive state-of-the-art volume of nearly 500 pages summarized the science and technology of weed science at that time (1968). It included a chapter written by B.E. Day. It is still useful as a major reference for a broad audience including not only research scientists, but also technologists, regulatory specialists, and others interested in this field. Moreover, it represents a milestone in the evolution of the fledgling discipline of weed science which developed largely during the second half of the twentieth century.
In 1966, his outstanding qualities, not only as a researcher but also as a leader and administrator, were recognized by his appointment as chairman of the Department of Horticultural Science at Riverside and, in 1968, promotion to Associate Director of the Citrus Research Center and the Agricultural Research Center, and to Director in 1970. In 1971, he moved to Berkeley to become the Statewide Director of the University of California Agricultural Experiment Station. In this prestigious position he gained a great insight into California's agricultural problems and helped very materially in guiding the University's large corps of agricultural scientists to set appropriate priorities and realistic goals. He became a much sought-after speaker in California and nationwide by both farm organizations and scientific societies. He had a special talent for logical organization of subject matter and vivid and lucid presentations. He was skilled at couching his discourse,
During his early scientific career, especially his Riverside years, Day was intimately involved as a leader and workhorse in the development of weed control research as a recognized scientific discipline. He served variously as committee man, treasurer, editor, chairman (1956-57), and vice president (1959-60) of the Western Weed Conference. Similarly, he was a charter member and very active in the affairs of a young organization called the Weed Society of America. His strong leadership on many committees and in key offices exerted a significant influence on its development and status as a recognized scientific society. These activities culminated in his election as its president in 1967. He became widely recognized as an outstanding leader in this field. He was called on by various state and other government bodies to give expert testimony and to speak before such bodies as the Rockefeller Foundation, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Society for Horticultural Science, the International Horticultural Congress, the National Academy of Sciences, and many others.
Day was extremely active in the service of the University. He served in such positions as graduate advisor in plant science; Chairman of Faculty, School of Agricultural Sciences; Chairman, Plant Science Graduate Program; member, Chancellor's Cabinet; and many other capacities. He was equally active in community affairs. He was a member of the Riverside Municipal Airport Commission; President, Riverside Town and Gown; Statewide Agricultural Committee of the California State Chamber of Commerce; and dozens of other boards, commissions, and related organizations. He was honored for his public service contributions by the California Association of Nurserymen, the Citrograph, and other similar organizations for his outstanding contributions in developing efficient methods of chemical weed control.
During the last two or three decades of his life, Day's avocation was sailing, beginning with a three-hulled seagoing sailing vessel which he built himself. He bought himself navigation instruments and taught
Day was not only a pioneer in the science of weed control, but also an able administrator, lecturer, ambassador for the agricultural sciences and the land grant college system, and an outstanding military officer. He built and flew his own plane. He also built and sailed his own boat, later sailed his own yacht very extensively around the Pacific Ocean, and became a member of the prestigious Explorers Club. He wrote a very engaging manuscript (unfinished and unpublished) covering adventures and observations while exploring the Pacific as skipper of his own yacht. Some of his descriptions are pure poetry.
Professor Day was truly a giant of a man, not only in physique, but also in intellect and humanity, who lived a full and fruitful life.
Everett R. Dempster, Genetics: Berkeley
| 1903-1992 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Everett Ross Dempster died of a stroke on 27 January 1992, after a short illness. He had been in good and active health through 1991. He continued to spend parts of most days on campus since his retirement in 1970 until early January 1992, and to meet with old friends in a regular noon Faculty Club discussion group.
He was born in San Francisco and grew up in Berkeley. His first degree, from Berkeley in 1928, was in electrical engineering. One insight into his energy and gallantry was his daily run from campus to the top of Grizzly Peak. Lauramay Tinsley often accompanied him, and when she would tire he would continue, carrying her on his shoulders. They were married in 1927.
A period of professional electrical engineering followed, mostly with the Magnavox Company, in Oakland, Chicago, Ft. Wayne, and London, from 1927 to 1933. Everett then returned to Berkeley to study genetics, and received the Ph.D. in 1941, with a focus on quantitative and population genetics. During World War II, he put his training to work both as a research engineer and as a statistician for the National Defense Research Committee.
He joined the Berkeley faculty in genetics in 1944, and soon began a long and fruitful collaboration with Michael Lerner, ranging from the breeding of poultry to general theories of evolution. Michael generally described the problems, and Everett created the statistical and mathematical solutions. He was a world authority on the methodology of quantitative genetics and, more broadly, comprehended the field of population genetics with rare wisdom and insights. He was a sounding board for 10 to 20 of the world's leading geneticists and was enormously trusted by them. They would frequently
He served as a consultant to the Atomic Energy Commission and the National Institutes of Health, among others, and his engineering, mathematical, and genetics skills were particularly useful on questions of radiation effects and on the demands of the growing human populations on resources. Those wishing to contribute in his memory may do so to Planned Parenthood, in keeping with his concerns about Earth's carrying capacity for humans. He was a valued and active member of nine scientific and professional societies covering these interests and skills.
He was surely not anti-human. Students always had first priority on his time and interests. He and Lauramay have two children, Iris Green and Philip Dempster, five grandchildren, and two great-grandchildren. In addition, they opened their home to one foster son, two wards, an unofficially adopted son, and 32 students who have lived in their home, working for room and board and sharing their lives. Lauramay has been and continues as a research associate in Berkeley's Jepson Herbarium. Her interests in things botanical and biological defined many of their globe-trotting trips, with Everett as a willing accomplice.
He received the Berkeley Citation in 1970. Among his contributions to the University was his service on the Academic Freedom Committee, particularly during the turbulent years of the Loyalty Oath controversy. He continued until 1991 to administer accounts assisting professors forced to resign. He was Chair of the Department of Genetics from 1963 to 1970, dealing with the passions of the anti-Vietnam movement and the “reconstituted” University with understanding and patience. During a memorable moment in the Greek Theater, when a student seized the microphone and the police seized the student, it was Everett who took the toppled microphone and restored a semblance of calm, perhaps averting a riot and great damage to his cherished University.
Kenneth B. DeOme, Zoology: Berkeley
| 1906-1991 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Kenneth Benton DeOme was the founding director of the Cancer Research Laboratory. He died October 20, 1991, having left a permanent stamp on cancer research, on the University of California, and on his numerous colleagues and friends.
Ken DeOme (to our knowledge no one ever called him Kenneth) was a remarkable human being, remarkable in his experience (he was even a minister in his early days), in his social skills, and in his wisdom. For his first 28 years he lived in Michigan; then he came to Berkeley to receive a Ph.D. in zoology. His major professor was Samuel Jackson Holmes and his field was mammalian genetics. Then for 12 years, he served as a veterinary pathologist on the Davis Campus, an experience which gave him the histopathological knowledge from which so many of us benefited in later years. In 1950, the state legislature decided to provide support for cancer research in the University of California by establishing a colony of mice with reliable genetic characteristics, which could be made available to investigators. Thus came about the Cancer Research Genetics Laboratory (genetics reflecting the mouse-breeding mandate), and Ken DeOme, its first director, also became Professor of Zoology at Berkeley.
DeOme had a remarkable capacity to attract colleagues and to encourage them to investigate the overwhelming biomedical challenges raised by the genesis of cancer. Howard Bern was an endocrinologist who became so involved; David Weiss was an immunologist who was affiliated with the laboratory; Dorothy Pitelka was a cell biologist (in fact, a protozoologist) who lent her considerable expertise in electron microscopy to the laboratory's program. A second generation including Satyabrata Nandi, an endocrinologist and tumor biologist, who became the second director of the laboratory, and
DeOme's research accomplishments were many. In collaborations, he often provided the essential ingredient that made for success. His initial research focus was on the hyperplastic alveolar nodules that precede the appearance of cancer in mouse mammary glands. During the course of studies that established the preneoplastic nature of these nodules in the mouse mammary gland, DeOme developed the technique of transplanting mammary tissue into its natural site, the mammary fat pad. This methodology is used routinely today, and, if there is a single research contribution for which he will be remembered, it is the development of this method and the clear definition of the preneoplastic lesion that the method permitted.
DeOme was a distinguished scientist of international stature, who brought great credit to the University. The field of experimental breast cancer research is now a vigorous one, actively pursued world-wide. His greatest achievement was his mentorship of a large group of colleagues and graduate students, who, along with their students and postdoctorals, have been instrumental in the continued development of this vitally important field of endeavor. In recognition of his research accomplishments, DeOme was honored in his lifetime by an honorary medical doctorate from the University of Perugia, by the Berkeley Citation, and by the Prentis Award of the Michigan Cancer Foundation.
We conclude with a heartfelt tribute to Ken DeOme as a biologist, a colleague, a director, and a dear friend. It is to his science, his prescience, his openness, and his humanity, that the Cancer Research Laboratory owes its development. He was greatly missed after he retired; he will be missed even more now.
René J. De Vogelaere, Mathematics: Berkeley
| 1926-1991 | |
| Professor |
René Joseph De Vogelaere was born in Etterbeck, Belgium, on May 18, 1926. He died unexpectedly of a heart attack at his home in Berkeley on December 14, 1991. He is survived by his wife of 43 years, Elisabeth, and their four children, Charles, Andrew, and Gabrielle of the Bay Area, and Hélène of Missouri.
During the difficult wartime and early post-war period, De Vogelaere studied engineering and mathematics at the Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium, where he received an Engineering Certificate and “Licence” in 1947 and the Ph.D. in mathematics in 1948. He was a student of Georges Lemaître, the astrophysicist and mathematician who pioneered the “big bang” theory of the expanding universe. His first work was in mathematical astronomy, a field in which he retained a lifelong interest.
De Vogelaere's first teaching position was at Laval University in Quebec, from 1948 to 1953. His strong interest in computers drew him to the United States, first during the summers, and then permanently. Following several years at the University of Notre Dame, he came to Berkeley in 1957 as a visiting associate professor and joined the faculty permanently the next year. He became a full professor of mathematics in 1960. During the years from 1958 to 1971, he was also a research mathematician in the Computer Center.
De Vogelaere's early research dealt with the differential equations arising in celestial mechanics. Early on, he became interested in the use of computers to solve these and other problems, and he worked on numerical methods for solving differential equations, especially
Over the past decade his research had been devoted to a novel field of inquiry that synthesized his interests in physics, theory of numbers, geometry, and computation, namely the study of finite Hamiltonian mechanics: the analogue of classical mechanics for a universe in which space has a finite number of points. At the time of his death, he had nearly completed the manuscript of a large book on the Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometry of finite spaces. A distinctive aspect of his approach is that many of the theorems were discovered by the use of a computer to study a large number of examples. This represents pioneering work in “experimental mathematics,” a method of discovery which is still in its infancy and has just begun to show its power.
One of De Vogelaere's great loves was his teaching and his interaction with students. He devoted an enormous effort to the preparation of his lectures. He pioneered the use of computers in teaching in the Berkeley Mathematics Department, a practice that most of the rest of us found hard to emulate, partly because of the effort needed to create computer programs from scratch, and partly because computer time was expensive in the early days. He was especially interested in developing “interactive” computer techniques as a teaching tool and he devised computer laboratory course in both applied and pure mathematics. Work of this sort helped to bring about advances that have made it much easier to use computers now.
De Vogelaere was also very strongly devoted to the departmental and campus libraries, toward whose betterment he gave generously of time and thought. He kept a sharp eye out for problems that might affect the department's students and faculty, particularly in recent difficult times. His enthusiasm was genuine, reflecting his own broad scholarship and grounded in his concern for the maintenance of the intellectual resources of the University. He was a medalist of the University of Liège in Belgium and also the recipient of a public commendation from the Berkeley Academic Senate's Committee on Computing.
René was a man of strong opinions and ideas, which he never hesitated to express. His vigorous, cheerful presence, sense of humor,
John Joseph Eiler, Pharmacy; Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Biochemistry: San Francisco
| 1910-1992 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
John J. Eiler, Professor of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and Biochemistry, and an Associate Dean of the School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco died on October 21, 1992. Dr. Eiler was a member of the School of Pharmacy faculty from 1938 to 1973. He continued to teach part time for four years after his retirement.
John became a licensed pharmacist in 1931 via the apprentice route. He received an A.B. (1933) and a Ph.D. (1937) in biochemistry from the University of California at Berkeley. He served briefly on the research staff at Cutter Laboratories in Berkeley, California, before joining the faculty at San Francisco. He rose through the ranks to become Professor of Pharmacy and Biochemistry in 1951. He also held the title of Professor of Biochemistry in both the medical and dental schools, and became Professor of Pharmaceutical Chemistry in 1958 when he was appointed the first chairman of that department. John taught biochemistry to generations of professional students in pharmacy, dentistry and medicine, and to graduate students in pharmaceutical chemistry and biochemistry. He taught a course on the biochemical basis of disease in the fifties long before such courses became de rigueur.
It was John Eiler who, with then Dean Troy Daniels, led the way to introduction of the Pharm.D. program into the University of California. This paved the way for the department of the Clinical Pharmacy programs for which UCSF is so highly regarded.
A tragic accident while bicycling ended John's leadership roles in the University. He continued to teach biochemistry for several years
Dr. Eiler is survived by his wife, Esther, his son John Jr. and two grandchildren, Melissa and Jasper.
Albert Tromly Ellis, Applied Mechanics and Engineering Sciences: San Diego
| 1917-1991 | |
| Professor of Applied Mechanics, Emeritus |
Dr. Albert Ellis, Professor of Applied Mechanics on the San Diego campus, died on April 11, 1991 of heart failure. He taught at UCSD for 24 years, following 33 years at Caltech. He came to UCSD to set up laboratories and courses with primary emphasis on experimental solid and fluid mechanics. As a result, students and colleagues in interdisciplinary areas, such as bioengineering and combustion, benefitted greatly from Al's instructions and guidance. Al was a tall person and was most gentle and mild mannered. When people brought difficult technical problems to him, he always answered slowly, quietly, so that momentous suggestions often came out so softly that people realized their potential impact only afterwards.
Al was famous for work on cavitation. Everyone knows something about gas bubbles in water, but nobody knows more about them than Al did. He was the first scientist in the world to photograph the process of collapse of these bubbles using motion pictures taken at a rate of one million pictures per second. He was the first one to build such a fast camera to take these photographs. He was the first to record the elastic waves in a solid generated by collapsing bubbles in its neighborhood. Everybody enjoys seeing bubbles trailing diving dolphins and whales at Sea World. But the captains of ocean liners know that they have to change their propellers often because similar bubbles “eat up” the metal. This has been an important subject for the Navy, and many people have tried to explain it. Al was the first to provide the required experimental instrument to study the problem, and Al's explanation has turned out to be of great practical value. He also proposed to use bubble collapse for beneficial purposes, for example, to drill rocks in deep wells in the deep sea floor.
Work of such importance did not just happen to be done. It must have its history, background, previous discoveries, and special occasions. All these led to Al's participation; he was the right person arriving at the right time. Here is his personal history. Albert Ellis was born April 22, 1917, in Atwater, California. He was a second cousin of Admiral Richard Bird. In 1929, at age 12, he obtained a radio operator's license. One day at the age of 15, he was walking on the beach of Los Angeles when he saw a help-wanted notice pinned on the cabin of a tuna boat recruiting a radio operator. Upon inquiry, he learned that the old radio operator was drunk but the captain wanted to sail right away. Having a license, Al got the job. Later he moved to a tanker of the Matson Line of the Union Oil Company as a radio officer. An event he told about was that at a certain port in South America, he jumped into the water for a swim and stared right into the eyes of a giant octopus.
He worked on the ships for two years. In 1934, at the age of 17, he applied for a job at the California Institute of Technology and was hired by Professor William Pickering as an assistant. Pickering was one of the foremost radio engineers of the country. Al worked for him for four years. He then completed his college education and obtained his B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering in 1943. During the period 1943-44, Al became an officer candidate of the U.S. Army Signal Corps. From 1944 to 1945, he went to Columbia University's Division of War Research as a research engineer. At the end of the war, he returned to Caltech and got his master's degree in physics in 1947. From 1947 to 1949, he worked as a physicist at the U.S. Naval Ordnance Test Station in Pasadena. From 1949 on, he was a Graduate Research Fellow at Caltech until he obtained his Ph.D. in 1953. During 1953-54, he was Research Engineer at Caltech and from 1954 to 1958, he was Senior Research Fellow. In 1958, he became Associate Professor of Applied Mechanics at Caltech. In 1967, he came to the University of California, San Diego, as Professor of Applied Mechanics.
When Al joined the Hydrodynamic Research Laboratory at Caltech, he was already an expert on electronics. Hydrodynamics at Caltech, initiated by Theodor von Karman, was unusually strong. Faculty included Robert Knapp, Milton Plesset, Ted Wu, Clark Millikan, Hans Liepmann, Homer Joe Stewart, and others. High-speed flow around hydrofoils was of interest, and cavitation was viewed as one of the central problems.
Al's Ph.D. thesis (1953) contributed several firsts mentioned above. But the mechanism of cavitation damage remained controversial. The
Al's scientific interest covered a very broad front. He had a fascination with natural phenomena. He and his students wrote about the propagation of elastic waves, the effect of macromolecules in the fluid, the building of water tunnels, the use of lasers in high-speed photography, the use of cavitation in spark rock drilling, etc. He had said that what he did was what he enjoyed doing, and the joy of discovery was just a byproduct. Besides teaching and research, Al served as a consultant to aerospace firms. He was active in many professional societies. But above all, he was devoted to his family. He is survived by his wife, Helen (née Hyder); a daughter, Kathryn Gaudur; a son, James, and three grandchildren. We miss him.
Leopold David Ettlinger, History of Art: Berkeley
| 1913-1989 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Leopold David Ettlinger, who taught from 1970 to 1980 in the Department of History of Art at Berkeley and was for some years its Chairman, died in Oakland on July 4th, 1989.
He was born on April 20th, 1913, in Halle, Germany, where his father was librarian of the University. He himself studied at the University of Halle, notably with the distinguished art historian Paul Frankl, and also at the University of Marburg. His fields were Renaissance and modern art, and subsidiarily classical archaeology. The breadth and solidity represented by this training were always to remain a great strength of his teaching and writing. The thesis for which he was awarded the Dr. phil. at Halle was on the relation of the 19th-century German architect and art theorist Gottfried Semper to classical antiquity.
Ettlinger graduated from Halle in 1937 and, since he was a Jew, it was high time to leave Germany. He arrived in England early in 1938, and for the next ten years scholarship and research were to be only a part-time activity: for the first three years he was working with refugee children, and from 1941 he was a schoolmaster at King Edward VI School in Birmingham.
However, Ettlinger was one of many refugee scholars encouraged to continue research by contact with the Warburg Institute in London. The Warburg Institute, at that time an independent research library which had transferred itself from Hamburg in Germany in 1931, was concerned with the later continuities in Europe of cultural traditions derived from the ancient Mediterranean civilizations, and it was a natural ambience and resource for someone of Ettlinger's interests. He was supported by Fritz Saxl, the Institute's Director, and others of its staff. As early as 1940 they published in their Journal
In 1948 Ettlinger was able to join the staff of the Institute, by now part of the University of London. The next 15 years were busy and productive, his activity centering particularly on the Italian Renaissance. A large number of publications, preponderantly iconological, culminated in the book The Sistine Chapel before Michelangelo: Religious Imagery and Papal Primacy (1965). He taught art history, with enthusiasm and flair, at the Warburg Institute and elsewhere. He spent a year, at Erwin Panofsky's instigation, at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, and another year at Yale University. He traveled widely in Italy, and was conspicuous in re-establishing academic and personal contact with German scholars. He played a large part in bringing a new generation of younger people into Renaissance studies.
In 1959 Ettlinger had succeeded E.H. Gombrich (also of the Warburg Institute) in the part-time post of Durning Lawrence Professor of art history at the Slade School of Art, University College, London. By 1964-65 this had evolved, at his urging, into a full-time chair committed to developing a separate department that would teach art history, not now to art-practice students but within new interdisciplinary humanities courses. He left both the Warburg Institute and the Slade School in order to set all this up, a task involving delicate and sustained inter-institutional negotiation and persuasive fund procurement. The next five years were not the happiest or most effective time for Ettlinger, and perhaps the enterprise was not quite one to suit his talents and temperament. In any event, exasperated by failure to realize the project (which did later develop and prosper) as he wished it, he resigned and--in 1970--he came to Berkeley, where he had had experience as a visiting professor in 1968-69.
The Berkeley years offered academic fulfillment for Ettlinger. He engaged in productive teaching. His breadth as a scholar, his extraordinary gifts as a speaker, the intelligence with which he trained and the generosity with which he nurtured the many graduate students who chose to work under him contributed greatly to the life of his department. In listening to his lectures, students and colleagues in and outside the department found much to admire--his ability to select fascinating, rich subjects, the breadth of his knowledge of European culture, the rigor and subtlety of his arguments, the acuteness of his intellectual and visual analyses. All of these qualities were
The two areas in which Ettlinger taught and directed students' research--the Italian Renaissance and 19th-century European art--were also the areas of his own research. During his years at Berkeley he published on topics ranging from Botticelli (a 1977 book, co-authored with Helen Ettlinger) and Antonio and Piero Pollaiuolo (a book the following year) to Winckelmann and Hans van Marées.
In 1971, the year following his appointment, Ettlinger accepted the position of Co-Chair of the Department of Art and History of Art (as it still was) and subsequently, until 1975, Chair of Art History. As chair, he saw the department through years that were sometimes taxing and he had his share of the rewards and frustrations that come with this position. Choosing from a number of invitations, he held a visiting appointment at the University of Bonn in 1975-76, where he declined the permanent Chair that was offered him. After his retirement he held the position of visiting professor at Middlebury College, the University of Puget Sound, and Stanford University. He was a Corresponding Member of the German Archaeological Institute, and a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries.
Ettlinger was married three times--to Amrei Jacoby, to Madeleine Jay and to Helen Shahrokh Lewis, from whom he was divorced.
Surprising though it was to some of his friends, his reception into the Roman Catholic Church at Easter, 1979, was the culmination of an engagement with the Christian faith first manifest in his work on and in the Sistine Chapel.
Marjorie E. Fiske, Psychiatry: San Francisco
| 1914-1992 | |
| Professor of Social Psychology, Emerita |
Marjorie Fiske, professor emerita of social psychology, died on February 11, 1992. In her distinguished scientific career, she had authored ten books and scores of journal articles, mainly in the fields of adult personality development and aging. For 23 years, beginning in 1958, she directed an interdisciplinary team of researchers in these fields at the Department of Psychiatry, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco. She also served until her retirement in 1981 as chairman of the Doctoral Program in Human Development and Aging in that department, a program which she founded in 1971.
Marjorie was born in Attleboro, Massachusetts, on June 25, 1914. She was graduated from Mount Holyoke College in 1935, and received her master's degree from Columbia University in 1938. From 1935 until 1955, when she moved to California, she was a familiar figure among the New York leadership of the newly emerging field of social psychology, the member of a circle which included such figures as Paul Lazarsfeld, C. Wright Mills, and Robert K. Merton.
Directing several studies at Columbia's Bureau of Applied Social Research in those years, she learned the value of interdisciplinary research involving psychiatrists, sociologists, psychologists and anthropologists--a type of scholarship she championed throughout her career. In 1953 she was promoted to the executive directorship of a new division of the Bureau, the Planning Committee on Media Research. Her breadth of interest was shown in the many consultantships she enjoyed during her New York years, when her clients included the Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry, the National Federation of Churches, the Planned Parenthood Federation, and the Anti-Defamation League.
Upon coming to California in 1955, Marjorie taught at the Berkeley campus of the University of California, in the Department of Sociology and the School of Librarianship. In the latter capacity, she authored a report on censorship in public and high school libraries, which was awarded the annual Library Literature Award of the American and International Library Associations.
Her best known work remains her studies of middle age and adulthood, which she began upon joining the Department of Psychiatry at the San Francisco Campus in 1958. Often working with large interdisciplinary teams of social and behavioral scientists, she sought a method that would allow the research subjects to “speak for themselves” in the final results. The usual psychological tests and questionnaires were supplemented with detailed, narrative interviews, in some studies repeated with each subject over a period of years. The result was a huge volume of material, so rich in subject matter that several lifetimes could be absorbed in the complete analysis. But the method also yielded a series of unusual insights concerning how men and women cope with the normal, and unexpected, events of middle and late life, and what promotes and impedes mental health in these stages of development.
The students in the doctoral program looked on Marjorie as a role model. She allowed nothing to interfere with her high output of productive work--not illness, fatigue, accomplishment, or the demands of international recognition, which were many. She was on the editorial boards of several journals. She was a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Psychological Association and the Gerontological Society of America. She was awarded the Robert W. Kleemeier Award of the Gerontological Society of America and the Distinguished Service Award of the American Psychological Association's Division of Adult Development and Aging. She was awarded an honorary doctorate by Mount Holyoke College.
Colleagues remember Marjorie Fiske as an exceptionally openminded and creative thinker, a tireless worker, and an extremely loyal friend. She had high personal standards, both professionally and socially, and she inspired the best in others. She is survived by her daughter, Carol Lissance, of Seattle.
Andreas Floer, Mathematics: Berkeley
| 1956-1991 | |
| Professor |
Andreas Floer died on May 15th, 1991 in Bochum, Germany, at the age of 34. He was on leave at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum. Andreas was born on August 23, 1956 in Duisburg, Germany. He received the degree Diplom-Mathematiker from the Ruhr-Universität in 1982, having specialized in algebraic topology. In the fall of that year he came to Berkeley as a doctoral student, working with Clifford Taubes on gauge theory and with Alan Weinstein on symplectic geometry. After two years at Berkeley he returned to Germany to fulfill a military-service obligation. While there, he resumed his work at Bochum, rapidly completing a dissertation on V.I. Arnold's fixed-point conjecture for symplectic maps to earn the degree Dr. rer. nat. in December 1984. His Berkeley dissertation with Taubes, which was to be on the subject of monopoles on 3-manifolds, was not completed but appeared later as a research paper.
In spring 1985 he returned to Berkeley as a research associate. Participation in a seminar led to the beginning of his work on the fundamental theory now called Floer homology. Andreas obtained a postdoctoral fellowship in mathematical physics at the State University of New York at Stony Brook on the strength of his German doctorate. After a year at Stony Brook he spent two years as a Courant Instructor at New York University and completed there some of his seminal work. In 1988 he returned to Berkeley as an Assistant Professor.
During the last two years of his life Andreas received honors at a rapid pace: invitations as visiting lecturer from all over the world (Moscow, Oxford, Paris, Zurich), a Sloan Fellowship (1989), and an invitation as a plenary speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians
In his research Andreas Floer developed a new method for “counting” the solutions of maximum-minimum problems arising in geometry. A certain quantity called the “index” traditionally used to classify solutions was infinite, and therefore unhelpful, in many important but apparently intractable problems. Andreas realized that the difference between the indices of any two solutions could still be defined and could be used where the index itself was useless. Combining this observation with detailed, careful analysis, and using work of many other mathematicians as well as his own, Andreas developed a theory that led to the solution of a number of outstanding problems. The value of his work was grasped immediately by specialists in differential geometry, topology, and mathematical physics, for whom “Floer homology” has become an essential part of their problem-solving toolkit.
Although Andreas' fame came from his research, he had an intense personal concern with questions of teaching. Thanks in part to his German education, he was dissatisfied with the traditional American “by the book” approach to undergraduate courses. While teaching a course in real analysis, he had taken the material apart from top to bottom, reanalyzing standard concepts and theorems in order to prepare his students for mathematics as it is done today.
Andreas is survived by his mother, Marlies Floer, and his brothers, Detlef and Rainer Floer. To them we extend our heartfelt sympathy. The death of such a brilliant young mathematician at the height of his creative powers is a special tragedy: we rejoice and marvel at the deep and seminal insights he had already had, but mourn the loss to science and mankind of the further beautiful and important discoveries he would have made.
William Bache Fretter, Physics: Berkeley
| 1916-1991 | |
| Professor Emeritus | |
| Vice President of the University, Emeritus |
William Bache Fretter, distinguished physicist and teacher, Vice-President of the University, Emeritus and outstanding administrator for the University of California, passed away in Berkeley on Sunday, March 24, 1991 at the age of 74.
He was born on September 28, 1916, the son of William A. and Dorothy B. Fretter. His father, British by birth and a member of the King's Guard before he came to the U.S., died when Bill was 11. His mother who taught school in Pasadena for many years liked to spend summer vacations at a small cabin on the shore of the lower lake. That cabin was a welcome vacation spot for him and his family and a valuable legacy to them. He attended Pasadena High School and Pasadena Junior College and then the University of California at Berkeley where he received the AB degree in physics in 1937. He entered graduate work in physics in the same year, but in January 1941 moved to the Radiation Laboratory at Massachusetts Institute of Technology to work on radar, and, shortly thereafter, to Westinghouse Corporation in Pittsburgh where he was a research engineer until the end of World War II. He returned to Berkeley where, under Robert Brode, he rapidly finished his Ph.D. thesis on the “Mass of Cosmic Ray Mesotrons” in 1946. For the year 1946-47 he served as Instructor in Physics. He was Assistant Professor from 1947 to 1951, Associate Professor 1951-55 and Professor 1955 to his retirement in 1983.
Bill married Grace Powles on New Year's Day 1939. The two had met at a campus play when they were both students. Grace is an outstanding actress, while he, in his rare appearances, was a very good actor. They starred in and/or directed many UC Drama Section
As an amateur winemaker Bill started out in the early 50s with purchased grapes, then with a faculty colleague operated a small vineyard in the Napa Valley. He continued to grow grapes and make wine for most of the rest of his life, much of the time in conjunction with his son Travis who managed the Fretter Winery in Berkeley. Bill wrote about wine and was inducted into the French winetasting society as Chevalier de Taste-vin, an honor rare for an American. He was a Fulbright Scholar in Paris in 1952-53 and again in 1960-61, when he was also a Guggenheim Fellow. He served as Visiting Professor at the Collège de France in 1960-61 and again in 1968. At a ceremony in his home in Berkeley in 1964, Louis LePrince-Ringuet, the prominent French physicist, made him Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur.
Bill was active in Academic Senate affairs throughout his life. He served on the Committee on Courses in 1952-53 and again in 1954-55. He was chairman of the Committee on University Welfare in 1958-59. In 1962 at the resignation of Lincoln Constance as Dean of the College of Letters and Science, Bill was appointed as successor. Lincoln wrote after Fretter's death:
“Bill Fretter was my first new appointment as Assistant Dean in the College of Letters and Science (1955). I hesitated to ask him to serve since I knew he had many responsibilities, including membership on the committee appointed by my predecessor to review the entire college program. One of Bill's finest traits emerged immediately: he was never too busy to take on any task that needed doing, and if he did take it on, he always handled it responsibly... Bill's voice was an invaluable one in conferences with assistant deans. He was thoughtful, temperate, judicious, fair, tolerant, humane and completely unflappable. Bob Brode once remarked that you could disagree with him, but never get angry with him--I fully agree.
“In my last (seventh) year as Dean, he served as my Associate Dean, which put him in charge of all student affairs and, at the same time, introduced him gradually to certain other college and departmental problems. He sometimes accused me of setting his feet on the slippery slope of “administration” which he later negotiated so
Bill was succeeded as Dean in 1967 by Walter Knight (one of the authors), who wrote: “As Bill's successor I quickly became acquainted with his style of operation. He was quick at recognizing problems and working out reasonable solutions rapidly, provided a lot of consultation was not required. For larger problems Bill, on at least three occasions, ventured into the thick of departmental disagreements... Performance like this under fire during a departmental gathering is a frightful experience and I suspect that Bill pioneered the technique of dealing with departmental disputes by attacking the problem at its core.”
After a year in France in 1968-69, he served as Miller Professor of Physics in 1969-70, continuing his research. From 1971 to 1975 he was a member of the Berkeley Budget Committee, the last two years as Chairman and thus a member of the Statewide Budget Committee. The year 1975-76 he was visiting Professor at Oxford University, and on his return became Chairman of the Statewide Academic Council and of the Assembly. In this position he served as the faculty representative on the Board of Regents. Albert Bowker, Chancellor of the Berkeley campus from 1971 to 1980 remarked, “He has been more effective than any other Chairman (of the Senate and faculty representative to the Regents) I have observed.” In 1978 when David Saxon was named President of the University of California, he chose Bill Fretter to be Vice-President in University Hall, where Bill served through Saxon's presidency ending in 1983. Saxon said “of major importance was Bill's role as Vice-President of the University in restoring credibility in Sacramento.”
Bill made contributions to teaching at several levels. He taught for several years the course for students in the biological
sciences. He was a popular lecturer, fair to his students and a good communicator with them. He supplemented his lectures
with interesting and apt demonstration experiments. He co-authored with David Saxon a book for the Physics 10 course, Physics for the Liberal Arts Students. Soon after he joined the physics faculty he convinced them to authorize a new course, Physics 232, Techniques of Modern
Physical Measurements. It was a graduate course with Fretter in charge and consisted of lectures by many of the physics faculty
who were experts in their own specialties and techniques. This course for Berkeley students and the book that he published
in 1954, Introduction
With his thesis Fretter started to investigate the properties, particularly the mass, of cosmic-ray particles, now known as muons or mu leptons. Soon, other previously unknown particles appeared in the Wilson cloud chambers of workers in Europe and the U.S. By 1956 Fretter and his collaborators were publishing papers on new particles such as Λ and Ξ hyperons. They developed a new technique for measuring the velocities of relativistic particles. During his 1961 sabbatical in Paris and in Geneva at CERN, he turned to the use of beams of particles, especially pi mesons, available at laboratories where high-energy accelerators had been built. The Wilson cloud chamber was supplanted by the bubble chamber, and he set up a bubble-chamber analysis facility to study the interactions of these particles. Many of the experiments were done in conjunction with French and other European groups. It was normal for his Ph.D. students to enjoy their first postdoctoral appointments with a European group and for him to host European visitors and postdocs in his group. Students and postdocs of this era speak glowingly of the warmth and hospitality of Bill and Grace, the friendly, encouraging and stimulating atmosphere of his small, informal group, of his “stepping behind to let the light shine on the student.” Many of his colleagues remark with amazement that he was able for so long to direct such a productive research program in parallel with his unusually heavy (and effective) administration and committee work. In all he directed the research of 24 Ph.D. students.
Bill served the physics community with his customary diligence. He was on the site-selection committee for the accelerator built at Fermilab, and served for many years on Fermilab's oversight committee, the University Research Association Board of Trustees (two years as Chairman). He was on the editorial Board of Physics Today, a frequent reviewer of physics papers and research proposals, and a consultant to the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education.
Fretter received the Berkeley Citation at his retirement party in the fall of 1983. We close the account of this remarkable man with a statement from a faculty colleague:
“Bill Fretter's career here for the last ten years or more has essentially been that of a teacher plus University administrator... He is skillful, devoted, perceptive, always well-informed and endowed
Carlo Luigi Golino, Foreign Languages: Riverside and Los Angeles
| 1913-1991 | |
| Professor of Italian, Emeritus |
Carlo Golino died suddenly at his home in La Selva Beach, California on February 14, 1991. He was born in Pescara, Italy, on June 6, 1913 and was married to Anna Martin in 1940. He is survived by his wife, nine children and 17 grandchildren. He received his B.A. from City College of New York (1936); an M.A. (Italian literature) from Columbia University (1937); an M.A. (oriental languages) from the University of Colorado (1944); and his Ph.D. in romance languages and literature from the University of California, Berkeley (1948). From 1942 to 1946, he served in the United States Navy where he acted as a Japanese interpreter. He was appointed to the faculty at UCLA in 1947. In 1965, he was appointed Professor of Italian and Dean of College of Letters and Sciences on the Riverside campus. Subsequently he became Vice Chancellor on the Riverside Campus. In 1973, he left California to become Chancellor and Commonwealth Professor of Italian at the University of Massachusetts, Boston, where he remained until his retirement in 1978.
Professor Golino contributed considerably to the field of Italian scholarship and particularly to contemporary Italian literature.
One of his main goals was to make Italian culture more readily available to college students and the American public. His
numerous lectures on and reviews of contemporary works being published in Italy and still unknown in the United States speak
clearly to this. As a scholar, he was known among Italianists as an incisive promoter of the concept of the baroque. His visibility
was due largely to his critical edition of Carlo de'Dottori's seventeenth century work, La prigione (1962), his Italian grammars with Charles Speroni, his translations and articles on contemporary Italian poetry, and his
founding of the Italian
Seldom does one find in universities an individual as well-adapted to all of his functions-->as a teacher, as a research scholar, and as an administrator. To each role, Professor Golino brought keen intelligence, courage when that was needed, always a passion for what he was doing and, throughout everything, a deep and affectionate concern for the welfare of young people. The academy was well served by Carlo Golino and while we mourn his passing we warmly recall his friendship.
H. Paul Grice, Philosophy: Berkeley
| 1913-1988 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Paul Grice was born March 13, 1913, in Birmingham, England, earned two Firsts at Corpus Christi College, Oxford (1935 and 1936), and, after a year as Assistant Master at Rossall School in Lancashire, began a period as Lecturer, Tutor, Fellow, and finally University Lecturer at St. John's College, Oxford. His Oxford career, during which his reputation as a philosopher's philosopher spread through the English-speaking portion of the world, was interrupted by nearly five years' service in the Royal Navy, at first in the Atlantic theatre and later in Admiralty intelligence. After the war, he was a visiting lecturer at Harvard, Brandeis, Stanford, and Cornell, and was elected to the British Academy in 1966. He joined the Berkeley faculty in 1967, where he taught until 1986, well past his 1979 retirement, serving briefly as department chairman in 1971. He was one of very few philosophers invited to give both the William James Lectures at Harvard (1967) and the John Locke Lectures at Oxford (1978). Although health problems greatly diminished his physical vigor in later years, he remained philosophically very active, leading discussion groups in his home, giving papers at professional meetings, and completing the manuscript for his first book, Studies in the Way of Words (Harvard University Press, 1989) very near his death. (A second book, The Conception of Value, based on his Carus Lectures, was published in 1991 by Oxford University Press.) Among his former students are many of the most distinguished philosophers of the present day.
His contribution to the Department of Philosophy was unique. Grice taught only graduate courses, although advanced undergraduates were encouraged to attend, and he was regarded by many as a sort of spiritual head of a new movement in philosophy at Berkeley.
Grice did important work on philosophical subjects as diverse is Aristotle's metaphysics, the foundations of psychology, and ethics. His strongest influence lies in the philosophy of language, where his though continues to shape the way philosophers, linguists, and cognitive scientists think about meaning, communication, and the relationship between language and mind. He stressed the philosophical importance of separating what a sentence means from, on the one hand, what a speaker said in uttering it and, on the other, what the speaker meant by uttering it. He provided systematic attempts to say precisely what meaning is by providing a series of ever more refined analyses of the utterer's meaning, sentence meaning, and what is said. He produced an account of how it is possible for what a speaker says and what that speaker means to diverge. By characterizing a philosophically important distinction between the “genuinely semantic” and “merely pragmatic” implications of a statement, Grice clarified the relationship between classical logic and the semantics of natural language. He provided some much needed philosophical ventilation by deploying his notion of “implicature” to devastating effect against certain over-zealous strains of “ordinary language philosophy,” without himself abandoning the view that philosophy must pay attention to the nuances of ordinary talk. And he undercut some of the most influential arguments for a philosophically significant notion of “presupposition.”
Grice's conviviality is legendary among philosophers. The flavor of his wit survives in his writing, as does a suggestion of the way he could draw his listeners into his perspectives on a topic and treat philosophical discussion as a very high form of entertainment. It is a great pity that we can't in the same way preserve his love of laughter and the expressiveness of his ice-blue eyes. A bench has been placed in front of Moses Hall to commemorate Paul Grice, providing a place to continue indefinitely the philosophical conversation he encouraged, enjoyed, and, to a great extent, lived for.
He is survived by his wife, Kathleen; his son, Tim; his daughter, Karen McNicoll; his brother, Derek; and three grandchildren.
Otto Ernst Guttentag, Medicine: San Francisco
| 1900-1992 | |
| Samuel Hahnemann Professor of Medicine and Medical Philosophy, Emeritus |
Dr. Otto Guttentag, a challenging and beloved member of the campus community for 55 years, died of heart failure January 13, 1992 at his home in Piedmont. He brought to California in the early thirties the finest traditions of German academic medicine, became increasingly involved with ethical questions, and ended his career as a world leader in a new discipline, medical ethics. Surviving are his wife Erika of Piedmont, a retired teacher; daughter Maria, an instructor in Ann Arbor, Michigan; and sons Lucas, a civil rights lawyer in New York City, and Christoph, the director of undergraduate admissions at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina.
Dr. Guttentag was born at the turn of the century into a family with three generations of physicians before him, in Stettin, Pommern, Germany. He studied for the degree “Candidate in Medicine” at Marburg, Jena and Heidelberg and for the title “Physician” at Munich, Berlin and Halle. There, also, he received in 1924 the M.D. degree with highest honors after a year of independent work supervised by the distinguished nephrologist, Franz Volhard. He remained with Volhard at Halle, then at Frankfurt, until 1933 when, with the Nazis coming into power, he accepted a previously extended invitation from the Homeopathic Foundation of California to become director of their research laboratory in San Francisco.
At the time he left Frankfurt, Guttentag was in charge of a 50-bed research ward, programmed to evaluate critically the effectiveness of homeopathic treatment, then an alternative mode used by many qualified physicians. He had prepared himself for this with advanced
For a brief time, Guttentag conducted studies and published from the Homeopathic Foundation of California, and he remained over the years interested in developments relating to the homeopathic tradition. However, in 1936 the Hahnemann Medical College of the Pacific merged with the University of California Medical School, where an endowed chair of Homeopathy was created in the Department of Medicine for Guttentag. (Some years later, his title was changed to “Samuel Hahnemann Professor of Medicine and Medical Philosophy.”) Here he became rapidly assimilated into the culture of the medical school. He attended the rounds and conferences of the Department of Medicine, both on the campus and at the County Hospital. He circulated among the sophomores in the pharmacology laboratory and served as a consultant to seniors in the medical clinic, where he could demonstrate the art of interacting with patients and the fruits of disciplined observation. He established the department's first renal clinic and later, with his growing interest in physical anthropology, an obesity clinic. But his chief impact was as mentor to the many students who, over the years, in small groups or singly, would subscribe to his elective seminar, offered annually until the last months of his life, first under the title “Homeopathy,” where manifestations of human diversity were studied, and later “The Medical Attitude,” or perhaps, “Role of the Attending Physician.”
Students were drawn to Otto Guttentag not only for the teaching but by the quality of his character: friendly, unpretentious, secure in his knowledge and value systems, so that he welcomed differences of opinion; sympathetic and non judgmental when young students were attempting to develop their own professional identities. A favorite companion at the Faculty Club, his best jokes were about himself, and his heavy German accent.
Dr. Guttentag obtained U.S. citizenship in 1940. He volunteered for service in the U.S. Army as a medical officer in World War II, participated in D-Day, and was stationed in Germany for a number of months during the occupation. He was there again for an extended period in 1947 after being appointed by the American military
Guttentag's stature and his writings on medical philosophy and ethics influenced the national debate concerning the impact of the biotechnological revolution on the welfare of patients. In May 1951, he participated in a pioneering symposium at UCSF, later published in Science, on the problem of experimentation on humans. The symposium was held in response to concerns being expressed about patients' rights and other ethical issues coming into view because of newly aggressive clinical research being conducted here and elsewhere. Guttentag expressed eloquently in his address the inherent, time-hallowed concerned of the ideal physician who, while cognizant of the indispensable nature of clinical research, is mindful, too, of his traditional, primary obligation to any person who is a patient. He thoughtfully contrasted the differing, often conflicting, roles and obligations of the physician-investigator and the attending physician, with respect to the patient-research subject. This widely quoted, seminal paper was one of the first to address these issues in a scholarly manner and to make recommendations for dealing with this essential part of medicine. Guttentag published other papers and delivered lectures in this area such as, “Rights and Duties in Medical Practice,” “Science and Morality in Medicine,” and “The Humanities and the Profession of Medicine.” Through his publications in a wide variety of journals, he became one of the best known of our school's faculty among students around the country. In 1963 he became the principal investigator of a grant proposal by the National Institutes of Health to look at the impact of medical science on medical morality and ethics by means of a national survey of medical educators. The results appeared as a book, Science and Morality in Medicine, by Earl R. Babbie.
Dr. Guttentag reached the age of mandatory retirement in 1967 but was recalled annually, kept an office, and continued his usual activities into the last year of his life. In 1978, he received the annual award of the Society for Health and Human Values of the National Association of Scholars and Teachers of the Humanities. In 1979, he gave the opening address at a Hastings Symposium held in his honor at Cornell under the title “Changing Values in Medicine.” In 1980, UCSF awarded him its highest honor, the UCSF Medal, and in the same year he was made an honorary member of the Medical School's
Warren A. Hall, Engineering: Los Angeles, Riverside, and Davis
| 1919-1990 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Warren Acker Hall, Professor Emeritus of Engineering at UCLA died enroute to his high school's 55th reunion on June 24, 1990. He is survived by his wife, Betty; two daughters, Beverly Hall and Marilyn (Mel) Lorentz; a son, Frank; nine grandchildren and five great grandchildren.
Warren was born in Hot Springs, South Dakota, on August 12, 1919. He was raised on a dryland farm near Crawford, Nebraska. After graduating from Santa Ana College in 1940, he went to the California Institute of Technology. There he received a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering and in 1942 entered the Navy as an engineering officer. At the end of World War II, he began a long and productive career in water resources at the University of California, serving on three campuses--Davis, Los Angeles and Riverside. It began in 1947 when he was appointed Lecturer in the newly established College of Engineering at UCLA and undertook studies for a Ph.D. in engineering. In 1951, Warren was recalled for an 18-month tour of active duty in the Navy, but while still in uniform he was able to complete his Ph.D. degree. In 1952, he returned to UCLA as an Assistant Professor of Engineering. A year later he was invited to UC, Davis as an Assistant Professor in the College of Agriculture and Assistant Irrigation Engineer in the Experiment Station.
Warren returned to UCLA in 1956 and during the next ten years he advanced to full professor and held two major administrative positions: four years as a compassionate Assistant Dean for Undergraduate Students and five years as Director of the Water Resources Center, a multicampus research unit. He also retained his appointment as an irrigation engineer in the Experiment Station at Davis. He applied system analysis and multi-objective tradeoffs to water resources
Warren also was the catalyst in bringing together all faculty interested in water resources. These faculty were relatively isolated because they were scattered among so many different departments and universities across the country and had no means of exploring or acting on matters of mutual concern. Warren convened two conferences that resulted in the creation of the Universities' Council on Water Resources. During its formative years he served as a member of the Board of Directors, as Executive Secretary and as Chairman. Today the Universities' Council on Water Resources is recognized throughout the world as the authoritative voice on matters of water-resources, research and education. At its annual meeting in July 1990, the Council established The Warren A. Hall Medal for Distinguished Contributions to Water Resources.
Offered the Directorship of the Dry Land Research Institute in 1966, Warren transferred from UCLA to the Riverside campus in order to take on new challenges. His program demonstrated that corn, sorghum and peaches could be produced in the desert midst creosote bush, thus combining reservoir management and agriculture to control irrigation systems. In 1971 he was the senior author of an internationally recognized textbook, Water Resources Systems Engineering.
Moving again, in 1974 Warren retired from the University of California and became the first Elwood Mead Professor of Engineering at Colorado State University in Fort Collins. Later he was appointed the director of Colorado State's International School for Water Resources.
During his long career as an educator he had many consulting assignments abroad, including Brazil, Chile, India, Iraq, Mexico and Peru with their water management problems. He was also in great demand by the federal government. He took leave from UC, Riverside to be President Richard Nixon's Technical Assistant for Water Resources in the Office of Science and Technology. From the Executive Office of the president he moved to the Department of the Interior, Office of Water Resources Research, first as associate director and then as director.
In 1987, Warren retired and moved from Fort Collins to a farm near Meeker, Oklahoma. There he produced hay, Christmas trees and
Warren Hall was a resourceful professor, able administrator and successful consulting engineer. He was respected by his peers and well liked by his students. For many students, including those from foreign lands he was their mentor. Warren was energetic and generous with his time. He left his mark.
Lawrence Ray Heckard: Berkeley
| 1923-1991 | |
| Curator of the Jepson Herbarium |
The death of Lawrence R. Heckard from AIDS-related causes on November 26, 1991, left a void among those who cherish the native plants of California. As Curator of the Jepson Herbarium and Library since 1968, Heckard faithfully adhered to the goals set by the founder of that institution, Willis Linn Jepson (1867-1946). Jepson was proud to be the first California-born botanist and this pride was translated into a zeal that gained him fame and devoted friends throughout his native state. Although Heckard never had an opportunity to meet Jepson, he learned to appreciate his accomplishments, visions, and idiosyncrasies by working in the milieu created by him and left intact at his death. Important insights were also gained from conversations with various of Jepson's correspondents, whom Heckard met while botanizing in all parts of California.
Like many academicians, Heckard had an extremely modest beginning. Born April 9, 1923, in the small town of Long Beach on the Washington side of the mouth of the Columbia River, Lawrence was the youngest of six children of Edwin Heckard and Ruby Phair Heckard, whose parents were pioneers. Heckard's family and neighbors survived the Great Depression by living off the bountiful land and sea and taking advantage of foodstuffs washed ashore from ships wrecked on the sand bar at the mouth of the Columbia. Larry (as he preferred to be called as an adult) could bring tears to the eyes of mothers everywhere by recounting his childhood, mired in the mud of Willapa Bay as he was harvesting oysters, or milking the family cow in order to exchange milk for piano lessons. Reciprocally, Larry had an admirable ability and desire to be a good listener, believing that seemingly inconsequential events make up the fabric of life.
Following high school, Larry attended Lower Columbia Junior College at Longview, Washington, where he could live with a married brother (Kenneth). When another brother (Clifford) moved to Seattle, Larry changed to the University of Washington. During World War II, Larry served in the U.S. Army with stateside duty. Freed of financial problems by the G.I. Bill, he attended Oregon State University with a major in horticulture. At an early age he had developed a deep respect and love for nature, especially plants, and had been exposed to the idea of scientific research by visiting a cranberry grower's research station near his home. Arriving at Berkeley for graduate work in the summer of 1948, he soon settled into an arduous research project on the biosystematics of a taxonomically difficult group of species of the genus Phacelia in the Hydrophyllaceae (waterleaf family) under the guidance of Professor Lincoln Constance. The P. magellanica group ranges widely over cordilleran Western America from Canada to Tierra del Fuego and had been the source of some 60 described taxa. Its complicated intercrossing relationships make a travesty of “the biological definition of species.” Heckard's ingenious solution, based on a decade of morphological and cytological analysis, experimental hybridization, and extensive field work, was the creation of a “polyploid pillar complex,” which has been widely cited as a model and a classic of biosystematic research.
His companion (Paul Silva, with whom he shared his life for 40 years) having taken a position in the Department of Botany at the University of Illinois in 1952, Heckard joined him in 1954 and continued to write his thesis in absentia. After receiving the doctorate (1955), he was invited to join the faculty at the University of Illinois. In addition to teaching courses in taxonomy, he supervised the laboratory sections of the general botany course, which served more than a thousand students each year.
In 1960 the death of G. Thomas Robbins, the assistant to Rimo Bacigalupi, Curator of the Jepson Herbarium, provided an opportunity for Heckard to return to California. He and Silva joined the staffs of the Jepson and University herbaria, respectively. Heckard became Curator of the Jepson Herbarium following Bacigalupi's retirement.
On joining the staff of the Jepson Herbarium, Heckard shifted the focus of his research to the family Scrophulariaceae (figworts), which is represented in California by several large genera. He soon teamed up with another of Constance's former students, T.I. Chuang, who held a permanent position at Illinois State University but spent each
With respect to geography, Heckard was particularly interested in Snow Mountain, a little-known massif in northwestern California that turned out to be of special floristic importance. He was joined in his botanical exploration of this area by James C. Hickman, a recent addition to the Jepson Herbarium staff. Together they backpacked extensively on the mountain, studying the plant communities and collecting specimens, many of which represented species not previously recorded from the region. The difficulty of trying to identify these plants by using existing resources emphasized the urgent need for an up-to-date statewide floristic account. Thus began the monumental effort to revise Jepson's Manual of the Flowering Plants of California, which had been published in 1925 and used in high schools and colleges throughout the state. The project, funded by individuals, private foundations, and government agencies, grew to include nearly 200 authors, several botanical artists, and a small administrative staff.
Unfortunately, Heckard did not live to see the revised manual, which was published by the University of California Press early in 1993 under the editorship of Hickman, but he was aware that it was to be dedicated to him. He contributed significantly to the project, drawing upon his vast knowledge of California and its flora, his excellent relationships with botanists nationwide, his acute ideas on organization and format, and his financial resources. His official role was principal consultant and chairman of the editorial board.
Heckard was an officer in several scientific societies, including the American Society of Plant Taxonomists (secretary and program chairman, 1961-1966) and the California Botanical Society (president, 1971), but it was his service with the California Native Plant Society that was most arduous and satisfying. He thoroughly enjoyed working and socializing with this diverse group of persons who are held together by their love for California and its native plants. His warmth, good humor, and generosity endeared him to everyone, especially amateurs who approached him for answers to taxonomic questions and were amazed at the ready accessibility of this professional botanist.
Heckard served the California Native Plant Society for many years as a director, as corresponding secretary, and as a member of the Rare Plant Advisory Committee, preparing the great bulk of the early status reports on rare and endangered species, helping to write the
Aside from botany, Heckard's chief interest in life was music and travel. He played piano regularly for his own enjoyment and relaxation. He was a generous supporter of the San Francisco Opera, San Francisco Ballet, Berkeley Repertory Theatre, and numerous conservation organizations.
Heckard was a scientist of great integrity, whose research was both critical and constructive. He was also a caring and unselfish individual, freely sharing what he knew and working well with others. His wide knowledge, keen insight, and thoughtful judgment were hallmarks of his invaluable biosystematic contributions.
Shortly before his death, Heckard and Silva narrowly escaped from the firestorm that destroyed their home in the Oakland Hills. Heckard repaid the generosity of his benefactor by bequeathing most of his estate to the Jepson Herbarium. He is survived by his sister, Lucile Re Heckard, in addition to his brothers and his companion.
Isabel Creed Hungerland, Philosophy: Berkeley
| 1907-1987 | |
| Professor Emerita |
Isabel Hungerland died May 9, 1987 in Berkeley. Born June 25, 1907, she received an A.B. degree from Berkeley in 1930, with a major in Latin. After a year studying philosophy in Oxford, she enrolled as a graduate student at Berkeley, achieving the Ph.D. degree in philosophy in 1936. From 1936 to 1940 she taught in the Philosophy Department at UCLA, serving also as an assistant to Bertrand Russell when he was visiting there. During the second World War she was engaged in non-University work. In 1945 she returned to Berkeley as a Lecturer in Philosophy. From 1947 to 1961 she taught in the Department of Speech, rising through the ranks from Assistant Professor to Professor. She transferred to the Department of Philosophy in 1961, remaining there until her retirement in 1967.
Hungerland's research was centered in the areas of aesthetics, philosophy of language, and history of philosophy. She published two books and numerous papers. The breadth of her philosophical interests may be gathered from a representative sample of the titles: “The Logic of Aesthetic Concepts,” “Iconic Signs and Expressiveness,” “The Justification of the Habit of Induction,” “`Logics' of Moral Discourse,” “My Pains and Yours,” “Contextual Implication,” “Once Again, Aesthetic and Non-aesthetic,” “Meaning, Figure, and Symbol in Poetry.” The books were, in 1958, Poetic Discourse and, in 1981 (with George R. Vick), Thomas Hobbes: Part I of De Corpore.
Hungerland's work received wide recognition among professional philosophers, both in this country and abroad. Several of her papers were anthologized, and the books were very favorably reviewed. In 1961 she was honored by election as president of the American Philosophical Association's Pacific Division, and in 1965 she was similarly honored by the American Society for Aesthetics. In the
Isabel Hungerland was also a gifted teacher, equally effective in large lecture courses and in courses for more advanced students. In her home in Piedmont she played the role of a gracious and stimulating hostess at frequent informal gatherings in which graduate students and junior faculty had the opportunity of meeting and conversing with some of the leading philosophical lights of the times--Russell, Karl Popper, Gilbert Ryle, John Austin, W.V. Quine, H.L.A. Hart, Rudolf Carnap, Hans Reichenbach, H.H. Price, to name only a few. Her contacts and personal acquaintance with so many professional philosophers in this country and in England were also of great use to the Philosophy Department in its recruitment of new personnel.
Isabel Hungerland's bright and lively mind, her outgoing personality, and, above all, her intellectual verve and enthusiasm, which were preserved intact into her advanced years, are greatly missed by all who knew her.
She is survived by a son, Henry Hungerland, of Piedmont.
Roy Jastram, Business Administration: Berkeley
| 1915-1991 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Roy Jastram served on the Berkeley faculty from 1946 until his retirement in 1983. He came to the University of California after extensive service as Director of Air Operations Research, Headquarters Commander in Chief, United States Fleet; as a statistician for the National Resources Planning Board; and as a researcher for the National Bureau of Economic Research. After he completed his Ph.D. at Stanford University in 1947, Berkeley promoted him from Lecturer to Associate Professor in 1948. He was advanced to Professor in 1954. His early writings included an introduction to statistical inference for economics students.
Jastram taught economic statistics and microeconomics for much of his career. Later, he developed a seminar in business policy for MBA students. He helped to initiate and supervise the Learning Partnership Program, a joint program with Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation in which advanced students gained field experience. This program received the Exxon Award of the American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business as the most innovative program in graduate business education.
In addition to his teaching and research duties, Jastram served as Assistant Dean (1948-51) and then as Associate Dean (1951-54) of the School of Business. He was active in the Academic Senate, serving on the Committee on Courses and Curricula and numerous other committees, and chairing the Committee on Educational Policy in the '50s. From time to time, Jastram also undertook consulting assignments with Arthur D. Little Company. In later years, he served as a consultant to Occidental Petroleum Company on its synthetic fuels program.
Jastram's 1977 book, The Golden Constant, established him as an authority on the price and role of gold over several centuries in the national and world economies. In recognition of this work, he was honored by election to the Athenaeum Club in London. He appeared on programs of numerous professional economics organizations in discussions of gold and monetary issues. Jastram was also asked to advise senior officials of the central banks of Colombia and Peru concerning a reserve currency role for gold. Following his research on gold, Jastram published Silver: the Restless Metal, which examined the role of silver in international markets and financial systems.
Subsequent to his retirement, Roy lived in Carmel Valley and then in Claremont, California. He served as advisor to several religious organizations. He is survived by two sons, Jeff Jastram, of Upland, California, and William Jastram, of Tualatin, Oregon; and a daughter, Judy Jastram, of Mendocino County, as well as by three grand-children and one great-grandchild.
Elmer Richard Jennings, Pathology: Irvine
| 1917-1992 | |
| Professor |
Elmer “Al” Jennings was Professor in Residence of Pathology and Assistant Dean of Postgraduate Education at the University of California, Irvine College of Medicine, having joined the faculty in 1975 as Clinical Professor. He was a distinguished and nationally known pathologist who was born and raised in Detroit, Michigan. His undergraduate degree was at Wayne State University and he thence entered its medical school for his M.D. degree with honors in 1948. He remained on the faculty of his alma mater, advancing from instructor to Professor of Pathology and Director of Laboratories and it was from there that he was invited to become a member of the UCI College of Medicine's Pathology Department.
Dr. Jennings had unusual abilities, permitting him to span and excel in several professional areas. He began his career as a line faculty member at his alma mater, and his latter years as an enthusiastic supporter and member of the Department of Pathology at UCI's College of Medicine. Al was a natural leader and actively submerged in two of the four major national organizations of Pathology, the American Society of Clinical Pathologists and the American Association of Blood Banks. In each he served on many committees and advanced in stature to become president of those very large organizations.
Al was a person who liked people, related easily with them and was always upbeat and energetic as he addressed problems and worked diligently to put together consensus positions. He was a consummate committee chairman, a long-range planner of remarkable ability who foresaw trends and was able to mobilize the resources necessary to put plans together. His numerous friends and
At the major affiliated private hospital of the College of Medicine, the Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, he quickly assumed a leadership role in developing that originally small institution into one of the fine medical centers of California. In planning its growth he immediately recognized the necessity of affiliating with the Memorial Medical Center Foundation for Education in the Health Sciences. He promptly led the hospital into affiliation with the University of California, and under his leadership Memorial developed large and important resident training programs with many of the departments of the College of Medicine. It was as head of that Memorial Education Center that he was invited to become an Assistant Dean of Continuing Medical Education, a position which he held for many years until his retirement.
The clinical laboratories Al headed started with 35 employees, Al being the one pathologist. Over the years this organization developed into several laboratories with 350 employees and 14 pathologists, to become one of the fine centers of pathologic excellence in Southern California. In his academic and creative activities, he wrote some of the earliest research papers on the use of anti-Rh gammaglobulins in immunizing pregnant women to prevent the development of one of the serious newborn diseases causing some 10,000 perinatal deaths annually in the United States. Al headed the largest clinical trial studies of the new therapy. He was equally well known for his early recognition of quality standards in the laboratories and the necessity of carefully designed and accurately carried out quality control methods to assure the accuracy of the laboratory work that was reported to physicians. It was at the time of his research work in blood transfusions that he discovered several important modifications in the standard procedures for crossmatching blood that were later adopted nationally. Over a period of years these activities led to his leadership of the American Association of Blood Banks. During his lifetime, Al published some 96 scientific articles and contributing chapters in four medical textbooks. He was awarded the “Distinguished Ward Burdick Recognition of the American Society of Clinical Pathologists” and was the founding president of the Health Education Center of the Memorial Medical Center, serving for many years as head of its Continuing Medical Education program. Al and his lovely wife, Martha (“Sammy”), headed a warm and stable
Hans Jenny, Soils and Plant Nutrition: Berkeley
| 1899-1992 | |
| Professor of Pedology, Emeritus |
Hans Jenny, consummate scholar, inspiring teacher, and abiding friend of the soil resource, died on January 9, 1992, just a month short of his ninety-third birthday. He was born in Basel, Switzerland, on February 7, 1899, and culminated his early education with a diploma in agriculture from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Zurich) in 1922. He continued his studies at Zurich in colloid chemistry under Georg Wiegner, receiving a D. Sc. degree in 1927 for a thesis on ion exchange reactions.
Research as a Rockefeller Fellow with Nobel Laureate Selman Waksman at Rutgers in 1926-27 was followed by an appointment at the University of Missouri (Columbia), initially as a sabbatical leave replacement for Richard Bradfield. Freed from the academic cliques of Zurich, he enjoyed seven productive and formative years at Missouri that saw the beginnings of his lifelong interests in pedology and in the chemistry of soils grow into polished research achievements that gained him national prominence.
In 1934 he spent a year with Walter P. Kelly at the Citrus Experiment Station of the University of California (Riverside). After returning to Missouri for a final stint, he joined the faculty at Berkeley in 1936 as Associate Professor of soil chemistry and morphology. He was promoted to Professor in 1940, and served as chair of his department in 1943-49. Following his retirement, he was awarded an honorary LL.D. degree from Berkeley in 1967 for distinguished achievements, recorded in more than 120 publications, that “ushered in a new era of research into the origin and distribution of soils on the earth's surface.”
Scholarly and professional honors came to Hans in abundance throughout his 70-year career. The early work at Missouri rapidly
International recognition came to Hans after the publication, in 1941, of Factors of Soil Formation, a book that has spawned two generations of worldwide scholarship, and whose basic paradigm has been diffused so widely that today it forms part of the school science curriculum everywhere. In this book, he brought the diverse ideas of earlier pedologists (including his great predecessor at Berkeley, Eugene W. Hilgard) to fruition by a brilliant synthesis of field studies with the abstract formalism of physical chemistry. He thereby set down the generic mathematical relationship that connects the observed properties of soil with the independent factors that determine them: climate, organismal pool, topography, parent material and time. This systematic unification of the driving mechanisms for soil formation has had an impact on the resource sciences no less stunning than did the seminal notions of Darwin and Lyell a century before. Its organizing principle is sufficiently powerful that it was extended by others to encompass the study of terrestrial ecosystems a decade later. The Jenny equation has come to have life of its own as the prototypical systems approach to understanding the patterns of diversity and stability in communities that are part of the continental biosphere. Many of these applications are discussed, inter alia, throughout the pages of The Soil Resource, a summing-up book published by Hans in 1980. In 1991, a retrospective symposium was held at the annual meeting of the Soil Science Society of
Soon after his arrival at Berkeley, Hans was fascinated to learn of the Pygmy Forest, a remarkable community of ericaceous and coniferous plant species whose stunted growth and grotesquely twisted morphology reveal a long and tortured struggle for survival on some ancient marine terraces in Mendocino County. The Pygmy Forest became an ecological Rosetta Stone for Hans, and he dedicated much of his post-retirement life to deciphering its relationship to his five factors of soil formation, work that he continued until just months before his death. His intellectual obsession with the Pygmy Forest also led Hans to a renewed perception of the uniqueness and fragility of soil ecosystems. With Jean Jenny ever at his side, he waged a series of successful campaigns to preserve a number of such unique areas in California, including the Jughandle State Reserve (containing part of the Pygmy Forest), Mt. Shasta mudflows, and Jepson Prairie.
Some of us are fortunate enough to have our lives touched by contact with a man of the personal charm and genius that belonged to Hans Jenny. Our intellectual debt to him is enormous, for the way that he changed forever the science in which he chose to specialize, and for the inspiring facets of his personal example. To this, however, we must add the gratitude of our children, and theirs, for his crowning achievements in helping to protect our precious endowment of soil resources throughout the ages to come.
Frederick Richard Jensen, Chemistry: Berkeley
| 1925-1987 | |
| Professor |
Frederick Richard (Fritz) Jensen, a long-time member of the Chemistry Department at Berkeley, died after a long and painful illness on February 14, 1987. He was born on December 8, 1925, in Mason, near Yerington, Nevada, and grew up in the farm country of Nevada. His interest in science was sparked by his father, who raised his awareness of the natural world and especially the birds of Carson Valley. His father's death in 1934 of blood poisoning, following a minor cut sustained while working as a butcher, was a painful loss to the young boy. After his graduation from Douglas High School, Gardnerville, Nevada, in 1944, he served in the Navy. Thereafter he obtained B.S. (1951) and M.S. (1952) degrees from the University of Nevada with a double major in chemistry and physics. In 1955, he obtained the Ph.D. degree in chemistry from Purdue University. That same year he joined the faculty at the Berkeley campus of the University of California, and rose through the ranks to a full Professorship in 1966. During his Berkeley career he was the recipient of a number of awards including Sloan Foundation and Guggenheim fellowships and a Fulbright Commission Travel Grant. He was also a visiting scholar at MIT and at the universities of Munich and Queensland. At Berkeley, he taught a variety of graduate and undergraduate courses in organic chemistry. He was scientific advisor for many years to the Food and Drug Administration in San Francisco and was a consultant for the Dow Chemical Company.
Fritz Jensen was a hard-working scientist with an intense drive to succeed. His research was primarily in the field of organic reaction mechanisms. His early research on Friedel-Crafts acylations of aromatic compounds was definitive and showed the features of accuracy and reproducibility that were to characterize his later
Jensen was also an early pioneer in the applications of NMR spectroscopy to organic chemistry. In collaboration with professors Noyce and Sederholm, he and one of his students made use of dynamic NMR measurements to obtain the first rate barrier for the chair-chair interconversion of cyclohexane. In this work he designed, constructed, and implemented one of the earliest low-temperature NMR probes. Subsequently, he and his research group used this method to obtain conformational preferences and interconversion barriers for a number of compounds and ring systems. Many of these results still have textbook significance.
In 1948, he married the former Patricia Ann Powell. He was a devoted family man and was proud of their children, twin sons, Rory and Rick, and daughter Rebecca. He instilled in them his streak of curiosity and there were also always family projects in the works. His wife died in 1967. He subsequently met Frances Ann Walker, a chemistry Professor at San Francisco State University (now at the University of Arizona), and they married in 1976.
Throughout his life he retained a boundless curiosity and wide-ranging interests. He was at the same time an intellectual but also an outdoorsman. He was an expert on the history of the West and loved literature and poetry. He knew a great deal about North American birds and was a member of the Cooper Ornithological Society. He loved camping, fishing and hunting, and was a life member of the American Rifle Association. His interests also included geology, fossils, orchids, Indian artifacts and early western
Fritz Jensen was a complex man, a teacher and scientist with a strong and warm personality and with definite views on life, politics and an extraordinary variety of subjects; he is missed by his many friends and colleagues.
Winston William Jones, Botany and Plant Sciences: Riverside
| 1910-1991 | |
| Professor of Horticulture | |
| Horticulturist In the Agricultural Experiment Station, Emeritus |
Winston William (Bill) Jones originally joined the research staff of the Citrus Experiment Station as an Associate Horticulturist and in recognition of teaching assignments added to his research responsibilities, was granted the title of Professor of Horticulture, effective September 1, 1962. During the 31 years of his career on the Riverside campus of the University of California, he served with distinction as a researcher, teacher and as an administrator when called upon to serve as Acting Chairman of his department.
Professor Jones was born in Eclectic, Alabama, January 18, 1910. He graduated from Elmore Co. High School in 1928 and entered Alabama Polytechnic Institute at Auburn the same year. He received a bachelor of science degree in agricultural education from that institution in 1931, a master of science degree in plant physiology from Purdue University in 1933 and a Ph.D. in plant physiology from University of Chicago in 1936. He accepted an Assistant Professor position at the University of Hawaii in 1936. He accepted an Assistant Professor position at the University of Hawaii in 1936 and served as Chairman of the Department of Horticulture, Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station from 1940 to 1942. In 1942, Bill accepted an Associate Professorship in the Department of Horticulture at the University of Arizona and served as Department Chairman from 1945 to 1946. He was promoted to full Professor at the University of Arizona in 1945. He came to Riverside July 1, 1946. Although his stay at the University of Hawaii was brief, he is recognized by growers as one of the pioneers who contributed greatly to development of the macadamia industry. He also conducted post-harvest physiology
From Arizona, Dr. Jones came to Riverside as a faculty member of the Department of Orchard Management, a unit that was subsequently renamed Department of Horticulture, Department of Horticulture Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, and finally Department of Botany and Plant Sciences. Bill retired July 1, 1977. His research at UCR was focused largely on the influence of nutrient elements on citrus yield, fruit size and on external aesthetics and internal quality. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium received most of his attention but many other nutrients including the “micro-elements” were studied in his search for the ideal combination of nutrients that would lead to maximum economic return to the grower. Bill was a leader in developing the technique of leaf analysis to determine deficiencies and excesses of nutrient accumulation in the foliage of tree crops and in promoting the use of foliar sprays of nutrients to quickly and efficiently correct deficiencies and excesses that were detected. Similar, but less intensive work was conducted with avocado trees and exploratory studies with macadamia were continued.
In addition to his publication of over 100 articles in peer reviewed journals and books he was constantly working toward assisting producers in solving cultural problems, providing almost 100 articles for grower journals and related publications. Bill was involved in the development of management procedures to substantially reduce the nitrate-pollution potential of ground water without sacrificing fruit production or quality in the nitrogen fertilization practices for citrus. His peers in other institutions and in the agricultural community have referred to him as “truly a giant in his chosen field of research” which was to better understand respiration and photosynthetic responses of plants as they relate to nutrient balance.
Bill carefully planned and executed an outstanding research program. In his meticulous design of experiments and interpretation of results, no detail was too small for careful consideration. Yet a clear perspective of important aspects was retained. Jones' research in mineral nutrition, soil management and irrigation, and associated physical factors governing productivity attracted worldwide attention and he was recognized as a research star among horticulturists who stand at the top of their profession.
Jones taught courses dealing with nutrition and physiology of tree crops at all of the institutions where he worked. Students indicated
Bill was Department Chairman for two years at the University of Hawaii, for one year at the University of Arizona, and was acting Chairman of the Department of Orchard Management (a forerunner of the Department of Botany and Plant Science), University of California Citrus Experiment Station, for one year. He served on numerous departmental and university committees during his career at the University of California. He was very active in the American Society for Horticultural Science serving on editorial boards, committees, and as chair of sections and of the Western Section of the Society. He was elected “Fellow” of the American Society for Horticultural Science in 1969.
Bill was a relaxed, easy going type of person but his highly organized and well planned efforts produced a wealth of information that is widely used by researchers involved in the citrus producing areas of the world. His students were complimentary of his clear, interesting and useful presentations in class and in discussions as a graduate student advisor.
Dr. Winston William (Bill) Jones, Professor of Horticulture, Emeritus, died at the age of 81 on July 24, 1991. He was a dedicated family man and lived a long and happy life with his wife and two daughters. He and Gladys were married June 17, 1933, at Lafayette, Indiana and their daughters are Carol Ann Adams and Sharon Jean Shaffer. Bill and Gladys have three grandchildren.
Henry Felix Kaiser, Education: Berkeley
| 1927-1992 | |
| Professor, Emeritus |
Henry F. Kaiser achieved worldwide eminence in psychometrics and statistical psychology. He ranks among the half dozen most creative and influential thinkers in his highly specialized field--factor analysis--in the second half of this century. On Tuesday, January 14, 1992, he died suddenly of a massive coronary. He was 64. He is survived by his wife, Joy Kaiser (née Preston), to whom he was married in 1949, and their two sons and a daughter.
Kaiser was born in Morristown, New Jersey. When he was six, he and his parents moved to California, where he received all of his formal education. With interruptions of his college education by service in both World War II and the Korean war, he earned the B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. degrees, all at Berkeley. In World War II, he served as an apprentice seaman in the U.S. Navy (1945), then as a cadet in the Coast Guard, followed by enlistment in the U.S. Naval Reserve (1947-48). He was a Navy Lieutenant in the Korean War (1948-51) and later held the same rank in the Naval Reserve (1951-67). Kaiser's considerable service in the U.S. Armed Forces is reminiscent of his great precursor, Charles Spearman (1863-1945), the inventor of factor analysis (in 1904), who attained the rank of major in the British corps of army engineers before he took up psychology.
After Kaiser received the Ph.D. in 1956, with a specialty in psychological and educational statistics and measurement, he stayed on the Berkeley campus for another year, as Instructor in the Department of Education. In 1957, he was appointed Assistant Professor of Education and Psychology at the University of Illinois, there attaining the rank of Professor in 1962. In 1965, he moved to the University of Wisconsin, as Professor of Educational Psychology. Later he was invited to return to Berkeley, and in 1968 he joined
During the most productive period of his career, Kaiser received prestigious appointments as fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (1961-62); Louis L. Thurstone Distinguished Fellow, University of North Carolina (1964-65); and (after retirement from Berkeley) Fulbright Distinguished Professor of Computer Science, University of Zagreb, Yugoslavia (1986). He was a fellow of the American Psychological Association and a member of the National Council on Measurement in Education. He enjoyed the distinction of being elected president of the three most important organizations in his field: the Psychometric Society, the Society of Multivariate Experimental Psychology, and the American Statistical Association (Illinois Chapter).
Kaiser was first and foremost a quantitative methodologist in the behavioral sciences, not an empirical, data gathering investigator. His substantive and topical interests in psychology and education were entirely incidental to his interest in the contribution that could be made to empirical research by the rigorous and optimal quantitative treatment of data. His principal contributions in this respect involve the mathematics of factor analysis. But the immense influence of his work in this highly specialized and complex field can scarcely by fully appreciated by anyone but experts, although Kaiser's name per se, and particularly the name of the computerized technique called Varimax, that he invented for transforming factors, are widely recognized by behavioral scientists throughout the world. His many journal articles, written mostly for advanced specialists in the field, are characterized by their originality, mathematical ingenuity, and a writing style of crisp clarity, incisiveness, and brevity. Among the 110 publications in his bibliography, a relatively small number of path-breaking articles were the basis of his eminence. The four most seminal of his contributions account for two-thirds of all his citations in the Science Citation Index and the Social Science Citation Index. These articles have been cited over the years in the behavioral-sciences literature with extraordinary frequency, and in modern textbooks of factor analysis Kaiser's work is cited more often than that of any other figure in the whole history of the field. His Ph.D. dissertation (“The Varimax Criterion for Analytic Rotation in Factor Analysis”) published in 1958 in the leading journal of quantitative psychology, Psychometrika, became a “citation classic.” With
Factor analysis is a class of mathematical procedures aimed at identifying the basic dimensions of factors that underlie the relationships, or correlations, among a large number of variables. Kaiser's aim when he began work in this area in the mid-1950s can be given in his own words: “Factor analysis will eventually come out of the realm of strange, mystical, ad hoc, half-art, half-science sort of numerology into the camp of reputable methodologies because of the possibility of attacking factor-analytic problems in a mathematically respectable fashion through the use of high-speed computers.” Despite the unavoidable technical terminology, Kaiser's several major contributions toward this goal deserve at least brief mention here. (1) Varimax, which has long been a household word at computer centers throughout the world, is a computerized algorithm for the objective, or analytic, transformation (orthogonal rotation) of factor axes to approximate Thurstone's criterion of “simple structure” to the maximum extent allowed by the data. He later devised a computer algorithm for oblique rotation, allowing for correlated factors and hierarchical analysis. (2) He developed objective, analytic criteria for communality estimation, a mathematical rationale for determining the number of factors in a correlation matrix (the Eigenvalues >1 rule), and an index (“Measure of Sampling Adequacy”) of the degree to which a given correlation matrix lends itself to a meaningful factor analysis. (B) His pioneering article “Applications of Electronic Computers to Factor Analysis,” played a major role in bringing the electronic computer into use in the behavioral and social sciences. (4) He developed a general computer package (“Little Jiffy”) for performing orthogonal and oblique factor analysis that incorporates many of the features he had contributed to the rigorous mathematical underpinnings and refinement of factor-analytic techniques. (5) He invented a method known as alpha factor analysis, which mathematically relates factor analysis to the well-known Kuder-Richardson formulation of test reliability and provides estimates of factors having maximum generalizability.
As a teacher, Kaiser was most admired and appreciated by those graduate students who came to his courses with a genuine interest in psychometric science and a strong aptitude and background in mathematics and statistics. Several have themselves become well-recognized figures in quantitative psychology and have publicly acknowledged their indebtedness to his influence. Kaiser was unstinting in his guidance of the most interested and ablest students,
Relatively few academicians, however competent they may be, show a touch of creative genius. Kaiser did. But with this quality there often comes a certain eccentricity. It would betray Kaiser's own conspicuous honesty to disguise the fact that he was a true eccentric, a “character” in the colorful sense, even literally--for instance, he painted his shoes with an aerosol spray can to make them any unconventional color he happened to prefer at the time; and when listing his formal degrees, as in biographical directories, he usually added “E.S.” (for Eagle Scout), after the Ph.D., as his highest degree. And he was notorious for the “Memos” he frequently distributed to the education faculty--always sharp, often hilarious, but occasionally (when written in a moment of pique) scathing and insulting to someone's ideas, attitudes, or values. Though quite seriously religious (Episcopalian) and outspokenly conservative in politics, he was an irreverent, radical iconoclast in academic affairs. To those who knew him well, probably the most memorable and endearing feature of his character was the utter absence of guile, pretense, or façade. His great openness was indeed somewhat unusual. It was not at all like that of the outgoing extrovert, for he was actually a rather shy introvert. But it was as if nothing he felt as really important in his life, intellectually or emotionally, was ever hidden from others' view.
Sheldon J. Korchin, Psychology: Berkeley
| 1921-1989 | |
| Professor |
Sheldon J. Korchin was born in Brooklyn on September 8, 1921. Thirteen months later he contracted polio, which left him with a lifetime physical disability, and with an unshakable determination to go wherever his interests lay, to enjoy life to the full. He spent his early years in his parents' “appetizing store,” a neighborhood delicatessen and social center in which his lifelong interest in good friends and good food began.
Shelly Korchin earned a B.A. in 1942 at Brooklyn College. Among the most notable accomplishments of his undergraduate years was meeting Sylvia Brecher, whom he married and who remained the love of his life. An M.A. at Clark University in 1943 was followed in 1946 by a Ph.D. in psychology at Harvard University. His academic career did not follow a linear path. In 1947 he left Harvard to become the assistant chief psychologist at the Veteran's Administration Hospital in Philadelphia. He was one of the architects of the Post-World-War-II model of training of clinical psychologists. His vision was that, unique among mental-health professions, clinical psychologists can and should be dedicated equally to providing high-quality clinical services and to providing new knowledge through research and scholarship. This is still the dominant approach to the education of clinical psychologists in major universities across the country.
Shelly Korchin went on to direct the psychology laboratory at Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago, and then to head the Division on Stress at the National Institute of Mental Health. He accepted with good humor Tom Wolfe's later description of him and his colleagues in The Right Stuff as psychologists who persisted in trying to assess stress in astronauts who didn't believe that they had any.
Shelly came “home” to academic when he joined the Berkeley faculty in 1963. He founded its Psychology Clinic a year later and served as clinic director and head of the clinical program from 1964 to 1972 and again from 1984 to 1987. This was a time of growth in university clinical psychology programs, but also a time in which some universities were abandoning their commitment to maintaining clinics as training, research, and service centers. Shelly simply refused to hear arguments that threatened the abridgment of clinical-intervention training. He protected and strengthened the clinic, an it remains the centerpiece of the clinical-psychology program to this day.
During his 26 years at Berkeley, Shelly made other enduring contributions to the growth and direction of clinical psychology. In 1976 he published his classic text, Modern Clinical Psychology. This eloquent, intensely personal view of the field has inspired students in many countries and has been translated into Japanese and Italian. The book contains his central message: Clinical psychologists who want to understand and alleviate human suffering must consider the intrapsychic, dynamic functioning of the individual and the social context and values in which the individual's life unfolds. In a field that tends to choose between intrapsychic and social contextual interpretations of personality development, Shelly strongly supported attempts to integrate the two alternatives.
Shelly was awarded a Fulbright Fellowship to Italy in 1960-61 and again in 1976-77. In recognition of his contributions to clinical training and research, he received the Distinguished Contribution to the Science and Profession of Clinical Psychology Award from the Clinical Psychology division of the American Psychological Association (1978). The following year the California Psychological Association recognized him with an award for Distinguished Scientific Contribution.
A man of strong and definite liberal values, Shelly Korchin worked hard to put them into action. Under his leadership, long before the institutionalization of “affirmative action,” Berkeley's clinical program became a center for the education of ethnic-minority students. He obtained one of the first National Institute of Mental Health research-training grants in minority mental health. With Enrico Jones, he co-directed the training program and coedited Minority Mental Health (1982), which contained summaries of both theoretical issues and empirical research by the editors, their students, and other notable contributors. On the national level, he served as a member and then chair of the American Psychological Association's
In his later years, Shelly's influence on the development and direction of clinical psychology extended from Berkeley and the United States to the world's stage. He was frequently invited to teach in his beloved Italy and in Germany. Shortly before his death, he was still active as president of the Division of Clinical and Community Psychology for the International Association of Applied Psychology.
Shelly Korchin cared about clinical psychology, but he cared even more about his relationships. He was first and foremost a family man--a devoted husband to Sylvia and father of Ellen Korchin Curtis, Jon Korchin, and Mark Korchin. He was always a loyal friend to us and to many of his campus colleagues. No matter how busy he was, or we were, he drew us into his office for a talk, a joke, a lunch or dinner plan. He was a loyal member of the department poker group. He loved fishing, not the catching but the sitting and talking in the sun or the fog. He was a valued, unforgettable mentor to many students, and to countless friends inside and outside academia all over the world.
Shelly Korchin died on March 4, 1989, after a valiant struggle against cancer. As he battled with leaving life, he showed the same fierce spirit, courage, and determination that he displayed in the living of it.
Spiro Konstantine Kostof, Architecture: Berkeley
| 1936-1991 | |
| Professor |
Spiro Kostof, a member of the faculty of the Department of Architecture since 1965, died on December 7, 1991 at his home in Berkeley. A dedicated teacher and brilliant lecturer, he inspired an entire generation of architecture students. His books, lectures, and public television series enriched the education, the experience, and the enjoyment of thousands of others beyond the Berkeley campus.
Born in Turkey on May 7, 1936, and educated at Istanbul's Robert College, Kostof came to the United States in 1957 for graduate work in drama at Yale University. During the course of his studies, he migrated to art history, specializing in the architecture of the period between classical antiquity and the Renaissance. He received a Ph.D. in 1961, and taught at Yale for four years before joining the Department of Architecture in Berkeley's newly formed College of Environmental Design. While he lectured extensively, and taught as a visiting professor at schools such as MIT (1970), Columbia University (1976) and Rice University (1986-87), he remained at Berkeley with a dedication to the department, the university, and to academic excellence.
Kostof's scholarship and gifts as a performer distinguished him as a master teacher whose talents were showcased in the undergraduate survey course, “A Historical Survey of Architecture and Urbanism.” From its beginning, the course represented a breakthrough in scholarly perspective. While most of his contemporaries tended to view architectural history as an established sequence of styles and key buildings, Kostof emphasized context, both physical and social. He pointed out that the architectural monument comes embedded in a framework of vernacular, often transient “background”
This broadened view of architecture--not simply as a record of evolving styles, but as a social act and “the material theater of human activity”--also informs the major volume that developed, in 1985, from these lectures, A History of Architecture: Settings and Rituals. His invention was not for novelty alone, but for revealing the interrelationships between architecture and culture, people and the places they build. Henry A. Millon, Dean of the National Gallery's Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts, noted that “Kostof has shown the same fertile, creative mind that says something new as well as saying it in a new way. His A History of Architecture demonstrates a striking combination of comprehensive coverage, with a thorough awareness of the scholarship in the field.” The book has been translated into Spanish and Japanese with a German edition in preparation. Over 60,000 copies have been sold in the United States alone; the book has been adopted by some 60 schools of architecture and is now generally regarded as the standard--if idiosyncratic--architectural history text.
The list of Kostof publications reveals the breadth of his vision and the intensity of his inquiry. The Orthodox Baptistery of Ravenna developed from his Ph.D. dissertation, “The Caves of God,” examined the rock-hewn monastic environment of early-Christian culture in his native Turkey. The Third Rome, in 1973, constituted both an exhibition and a book, analyzing the architecture and planning of Rome as political vehicles during the period 1870-1950. Characteristically, Kostof's willingness to research the unpopular fascist era ran counter to the values of the times. His work on this period of Italian architecture and urbanism remains seminal. An edited volume, Architect: Chapters in the History of the Profession, investigated architectural practice through history, and was the first substantive study of the subject; it, too, has appeared in Japanese and Spanish editions.
Although Kostof's scholarly activities were prodigious, his first love was teaching. Allan Temko, architecture critic for the San Francisco Chronicle, has described Kostof's gifts most succinctly: “Spiro Kostof is not only a great architectural historian, but one of the supreme teachers of our time... There is no question about the profound impact that Professor Kostof has had on students over the past quarter century. Wonderfully free of academic hauteur and
A commitment to teaching in the broadest sense, coupled with a belief in the importance of “environmental literacy,” spurred Kostof's involvement as author and host of a five-part PBS television series called America by Design. The series, which was first aired in the fall of 1987, thematically examined the American cultural landscape in which we live, we work, we worship, and we build. With its book-accompanying text, the series prompted more than 300 magazine and newspaper reviews across the country, and has been re-screened on several occasions.
There was also Kostof the colleague. Honest, forthright, vocal, not easily compromised, and in many cases, the voice of reason, as a “neutral” historian, he often played the mediator among differing factions of the departmental faculty. He was an excellent departmental citizen, and played a central role in formulating and implementing the Berkeley doctorate program in architectural history, regarded as one of the best--if not the best--in the country.
Finally, one must talk of Spiro Kostof as a human being. If he was a brilliant but demanding scholar and don, he was compassionate as a colleague, a mentor or a friend. In spite of his manifold accomplishments, he never forgot his humble beginnings. In spite of his academic interest in the subject of the automobile and its impact on urban form, he drove only grudgingly. He instead preferred public transportation, not only because of his limited mastery of modern technology, but primarily because it brought him into contact with more people from differing backgrounds and social strata. Perhaps in this single trait, his personality is best revealed. Kostof was not a scholar divorced from the social entity about which he wrote; it was a part of him as he was a part of it.
In 1988, he received the American Institute of Architects' “Institute Honor” for his contribution to our knowledge of architecture. The citation reads:
By making architecture and its history comprehensible, Spiro Kostof has helped make it more meaningful; by placing architecture in the context of people's lives, Spiro Kostof brought fresh understanding to the relationship between design and human experience; by stimulating public dialogue, Spiro Kostof has strengthened the connection not only between the architect and society, but the community and its environment.
Spiro Kostof did all of that and more.
Albert Lepawsky, Political Science: Berkeley
| 1908-1992 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Albert Lepawsky passed away on June 2, 1992 at the age of 84. He was born in Chicago on February 16, 1908. He first came to Berkeley in 1951, and for 25 years he taught and did research in the fields of public administration and public policy. After retiring in 1975, he spent his remaining years in research on the New Deal, with special attention to the National Resources Committee and the National Resources Planning Board. He was active in the environmental movement at home and abroad.
Many scholars who studied at the University of Chicago in the 1930s knew him well, due to his role in the intellectual ferment within political science and the other social sciences at Chicago during these years. At the age of 23 he was already a Ph.D. and a research collaborator with Charles E. Merriam. By the age of 27, he had published three books with the University of Chicago Press: Judicial Systems of Metropolitan Chicago (1932); Movement of the Metropolitan Region of Chicago (1933), (co-authored with Charles E. Merriam and Spencer Parratt); and Home Rule for Metropolitan Chicago (1935). Among the best of his publications was a report of the National Resources Committee in 1939, which helped to launch modern research on local government as a component in tri-level federal system that is the foundation for intergovernmental relations in the United States. During these years, he was an active participant in the New Deal, and the ideals of the New Deal remained a cornerstone of his approach to government and politics.
Before World War II, he was research director for the Law Department of the City of Chicago, assistant director of the Public Administration
Once at Berkeley, he built upon his concerns with public administration and resource planning to become a pioneer in he field of natural resource policy and the politics of ecological and environmental issues. Students flocked to his courses from departments across the campus. The focus of his teaching, his many publications, and his policy concerns ranged from immediate choices about land use and environmental protection in the City of Berkeley, to broad ecological issues that were played out at the metropolitan, state, regional, national, and international level.
We must recall the novelty of these topics when he first began to address them. Many years ago, when he initially proposed a course on the politics of environmental issues at Berkeley, the topic was so unfamiliar that some question was raised as to whether this was an appropriate focus for a course. Its importance today is a testimony to his foresight.
Speaking of Albert Lepawsky's life-long commitment to public service, his brother-in-law and fellow political scientist, Gabriel Almond, has stated: “Improvement of the public service through the diffusion of knowledge was a central theme in Lepawsky's career.... As a member of the early team around Merriam in the depths of the depression--the team that helped to elaborate the democratic alternative to the Communist and Fascist solutions, the democratic alternative that later came to be called the welfare state--Albert Lepawsky found a life-work, in which he was still fully engaged until the moment of his death. He was resolved to reaffirm the validity and legitimacy of the New Deal as a basic modification of the liberal laissez faire version of democracy, interpreting the developments
Choh-Ming Li, Business Administration: Berkeley
| 1912-1991 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
A distinguished economist and the founding head (Vice Chancellor) of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Choh-Ming Li died in April, 1991 at his home in Berkeley. His life encompassed three highly productive careers. He was born in Canton, China, in 1912, in a family of 11 children. His father, a prominent businessman, was a friend of Dr. Sun Yat-Sen, the founding president of the Republic of China.
Choh-Ming Li received the B.S. in commerce (1932) and the Ph.D. in economics (1936) at the University of California, Berkeley. He returned to China and taught at three leading universities, which had been consolidated because of the war into a single institution. In 1945 he was appointed deputy director-general of the Chinese National Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, which aided the economic and social recovery of postwar China. From 1947 to 1949, he was China's permanent delegate to the United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East.
Li came to teach at Berkeley in 1951, first as Lecturer, then as Associate Professor, and finally as Professor and Chairman of the Center for Chinese Studies. His scholarly contributions focused on the economic system of Communist China and its performance. His seminal books, Economic Development of Communist China (1969) and The Statistical System of Communist China (1962) were the last such studies before the country sealed itself off from outsiders. Choh-Ming Li led the study of social and economic problems of China at Berkeley and helped to set up Berkeley's Center for Chinese Studies. He and his colleagues developed a major resource library on contemporary China, insuring Berkeley a prominent role in supporting scholarly research on China. Li, at the same time, established
In 1963, the Government of Hong Kong appointed Choh-Ming Li to head the new Chinese University of Hong Kong, which was formed as the union of several predecessor colleges that had operated in mainland China before the Communist take-over. (The Regents of the University of California granted an unusual 10-year leave of absence; he eventually became Professor Emeritus at Berkeley in 1973.) The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) provided curricula in all major fields, primarily to Chinese residents of Hong Kong. Unlike the University of Hong Kong, where courses were taught only in English, Mandarin and Cantonese as well as English are its languages of instruction.
The Hong Kong Government provided support to build a modern campus at Sha Tin, in the New Territories of the Crown Colony of Hong Kong. As Vice Chancellor, Choh-Ming Li raised substantial private gifts to augment the available governmental funds. He established an advisory board on academic matters, composed of prominent scientists and scholars from the U.S., the U.K., and other countries, to guide the development of faculty and curricula at the Chinese University. From its beginning, CUHK--as a bridge between East and West--emphasized student and faculty exchanges with the University of California. Li continued as Vice Chancellor until 1978, when he retired and came back to Berkeley to live. He received numerous honors, including several honorary doctorates and honorary Knight Commander of the British Empire. The medical college of the Chinese University was named after him.
Li received the 1974 Elise and Walter A. Haas International Award, given to a foreign alumnus for outstanding service to his country or for the betterment of international relations. In 1979, the Berkeley Division of the Academic Senate designated him as recipient of the Clark Kerr Award, for his distinguished service to higher education.
Choh-Ming Li continued active work as an economics scholar and advisor for many years. Interested in Chinese calligraphy, he designed the characters that are carved on the monumental stone at the entrance of the Chinese University. Li's dictionary of the Chinese language, incorporating a system that he developed for classifying Chinese characters, achieved widespread recognition and was published both in the West and in the People's Republic of China.
Li is survived by his wife, Sylvia, a resident of Berkeley, and three children: Winston, of Cincinnati; Jean Li Rogers, of Washington, D.C.; and Tony, of Berkeley.
Walter D. Loban, Education: Berkeley
| 1912-1992 | |
| Professor |
Walter Loban, beloved and highly respected teacher and researcher, died of a heart attack at his Piedmont home on March 12, 1992. At the time of his death he was busy with plans to rebuild the home on the Claremont Knolls that he lost during the Berkeley-Oakland fire. He was born on March 29, 1912 and grew up in Brookings, South Dakota, where he graduated from high school. He attended South Dakota State College and received a B.A. in English from the University of Minnesota in 1933. He attended summer school at the University of Chicago, receiving an M.A. in English in 1937. His U.S. Navy service extended from 1942 through 1946; he served as gunnery officer, achieving the rank of Lieutenant Commander. Following his service experience, he completed the Ph.D. at the University of Minnesota in 1949, specializing in education in English language and literature.
His first teaching position was as a secondary English teacher in the Litchfield Public Schools, Minnesota, from 1933-1936. He then served as chairman of the English Department at University High School at the University of Minnesota (1936-1939). He assumed the position of Professor of English at Northwestern University (1939-1942) and, following his U.S. Navy service, became an Instructor in Humanities at the University of Minnesota (1947-1949). His Berkeley professorial appointment extended from 1950 through his retirement in 1979, in the Graduate School of Education.
Loban devoted himself to lifelong scholarly study of the stages of linguistic development in children from kindergarten through secondary and post-secondary years. His research sought to determine predictable stages of growth in language, to identify definite sequences in the development of language, and to discover how children
He was equally concerned with the role of the study of literature in the social and cultural life of a democracy and how its study might contribute to fostering respect for human dignity. His monograph, Literature and Social Sensitivity (1954), investigated how adolescent readers develop sympathy or insight into human relations through the reading of literature. He and his two co-authors, Margaret Ryan and James Squire, wrote a methods text, Teaching Language and Literature: Grades Seven-Twelve (1970), which had wide impact on secondary English education across the nation. He also authored many texts that were used extensively in secondary schools throughout the United States, including Adventures in Literature (1968), and Adventures in Appreciation (1970).
Throughout his career Loban maintained a deep interest and intense involvement in English-teacher education and its professional associations. He was a founding member of the Curriculum Study Commission of the Central California Council of Teachers of English. He was constantly involved in work with school districts throughout the nation through keynote addresses and advising educators in the creation and evaluation of English curricula at various levels. He was viewed by his colleagues as a “weaver at the border” tying together research, professional thinking and theory, and the actual practice of education.
Walter will be remembered by his colleagues and former students for his understanding and insight into the nature of language development and for his moving readings of literature. The breadth of his personal vistas is revealed in the following brief personal note to a friend regarding his last sabbatical.
One of the advantages of a sabbatical leave is the increased opportunity to read, attend dramatic presentations, and listen to music. I do these things all the time, but during a sabbatical I immerse myself much
Walter will be remembered for his ability to stir the imagination with his memorable stories, his good sense of humor, and his passionate words on literature, teachers, and children. He will be remembered fondly for his ever-present grace and wisdom.
Jack London, Education: Berkeley
| 1915-1988 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
In 1937 a young printer and trade unionist was walking a picket line at a Republic Steel Strike. The Chicago police arrived on the scene opened fire and killed a number of the striking workers. This was the defining moment in Jack London's life and was the bedrock of a lifetime commitment to social justice and to ordinary working men and women the world around. Jack London joined the faculty of Berkeley's School of Education in 1954 and contributed prodigiously to the development of the still young academic discipline of adult education, particularly workers' education, both in the United States and abroad. In his later years he was the acknowledged leader of what has become known as the Prophetic School of Adult Education--adults engaged in cooperative study and action to promote changes in policies and practices that advance freedom, democracy, social justice and human rights. He was the youngest and last of the great troika of adult educators in North America--Eduard C. Lindeman, the father of adult education in America; J. Roby Kidd, founder of the International Council for Adult Education; and Jack London, more than anyone else the true master teacher whose gentle touch left its mark on the lives of those he encountered. Jack London remained a member of the labor movement until his death, and was a founding member of the Berkeley campus local of the American Federation of Teachers (AFT No. 1474), just one of many outward signs of his life of resolute commitment to democracy and social justice.
Born and raised in Duluth, Minnesota, London left home as a young man to become a printer and lithographer in Chicago. He spent several years attending night school at Central YMCA College in Chicago, virtually the only option open then for a working class
Interrupted by the war and the need to support his young family, Jack London finally completed a Ph.D. in sociology at the University of Chicago in 1952. The title of his dissertation, “Decision-making in a Union Local: A Case Study,” reflects his life-long commitment to worker education and worker self-governance. After joining the Berkeley faculty in 1954 he served the University and his field with distinction until his retirement in 1983. Jack London's contributions to the field of adult education, though not typical of university faculty, would be difficult to overestimate. He was a leading scholar in his field, publishing more than 100 books, articles, reports, and chapters of books. He was a contributing editor to all of the major journals, and chaired the Commission of Professors of the American Association of Adult and Community Education, and received many honors including, in 1978, the distinguished-service award in the field of adult education from the Adult Education Association of the United States. All of this marked a significant but broad contribution to the early development of the entire field of adult education as an academic discipline. Jack London spent a number of years working and teaching abroad, principally in Africa. His outstanding work in Tanzania, Nigeria, and Kenya has had an indelible impact on the shaping of adult education in these newly emerging nations.
Jack London is one of those very rare persons in the modern university whose major influence has come through their teaching. His former students and colleagues, many in key leadership positions in the field of adult education around the world, almost to a person, say in effect that, “Jack's greatest gift came to light through his teaching. It is there that his knowledge, skill, commitment and love reached fruition” (Budd Hall, former Secretary-General, International Council for Adult Education). Jack London believed in the possibilities and worth of each individual and he let each of them know it. His students were his priority; he made each of them, at one time or another, feel special. He had the uncanny ability to bring out the best in each of his students while treating them with respect, and
Always the worker-educator--the educator-worker, Jack London will be remembered as an inspiration, as a perpetual quester...as one who could be counted on, at just the right moment, and in just the right tone, to ask “So now what...” in that magical way that helped us over the next obstacle in the road. As long as people seek to know, in order to create a more just and humane world, Jack London will be remembered with care and love.
Jack London is survived by his wife, Ethel who was a colleague and companion of mythical scale in her own right, and by three in the next generation Robin, Murph and Danny.
Catherine Henck Lovell, Administration: Riverside
| 1922-1991 | |
| Professor of Public Administration, Emerita |
Catherine Lovell lived life to the fullest. She was dedicated to public service and to the causes of mankind around the world, including nuclear disarmament and the welfare of the poor in developing countries. Catherine died of heart failure on November 17, 1991 at her home in New York City.
Dr. Lovell received her bachelor of arts degree in economics from UC Berkeley in 1942. At Berkeley she was active in student government and was a very successful member of the UCB downhill ski team. Only an injury prevented her from accepting an invitation to compete in the Olympic trials. For over 20 years Catherine organized and headed a number of service organizations and worked in public housing. She was executive director of the American Friends Service Committee on Legislation, Project Director of the International Conferences for Diplomats, and a successful lobbyist in Sacramento. She was also the general manager and Vice President of the Pacifica Educational Radio Foundation and manager of KPFK in Los Angeles.
Lovell returned to her academic education in 1967. She received a master's degree in public administration from the University of Southern California in 1969 and her Ph.D. in 1971. Her dissertation was a typology of search for the contextual variables surrounding administration and public policy making. While completing her degree Lovell served as the Associate Project Director for a research project on correctional administrators funded by the Joint Commission on Correctional Management and Training.
Following graduation Lovell served on the faculties of USC and California State Polytechnic University, Pomona. From 1973 to 1975 she was a lecturer at the Graduate School of Administration at the University of California, Riverside. She became an Assistant Professor
Lovell was a nationally recognized scholar in the area of federalism and intergovernmental relations. She served as principal investigator on several National Science Foundation grants focusing on issues such as the effects of general revenue sharing on cities, the impacts of federal and state mandates on local government, and the effects of intergovernmental regulatory changes under the Reagan administration. Catherine also published numerous articles on these and related topics in leading journals of public administration including Public Administration Review, Publius, Policy Studies Journal, and Administration and Society.
Catherine retired from UCR in 1988 to join her husband in his international development work in Bahrain, Indonesia, and Bangladesh. Just prior to her death Lovell completed a manuscript for a book about the role of charismatic leadership in organizations. The book examines the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee, an organization that she greatly admired and believed was an effective prototype of self-help organization that could serve the poor and the powerless in underdeveloped countries.
Dr. Lovell's friends and colleagues at UCR mourn the passing of a unique person whose presence on earth made a difference for the good. We regret we did not have the privilege to know her longer.
William Reginald Lyons, Anatomy: Berkeley and San Francisco
| 1901-1992 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
William Reginald Lyons, whose pioneering research on the hormonal control of the breast enriched the discipline of reproductive endocrinology, died at the age of 91 on November 24, 1992, near Palm Springs, California.
Bill Lyons was born in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, and became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1941. He received his bachelor of arts degree in classics (Latin and French) at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario in 1923. This was followed by an M.A. degree (1929) and a Ph.D. (1932) at the University of California at Berkeley, his thesis entitled “Immunological Aspects of the Sexual Cycle.”
Dr. Lyons was appointed to the faculty of the Department of Anatomy at Berkeley during the period when basic biomedical science departments of the School of Medicine in San Francisco were “temporarily” housed in Berkeley as a result of the 1906 earthquake. He served in the Medical Corps of the U.S. Army as a Captain between 1944 and 1946, after which he returned to the Department of Anatomy at Berkeley and obtained the full professorship in 1949. By working during summer vacations and taking a leave from the university, he earned an M.D. degree from Duke University in 1950. In 1958 he moved with the Department of Anatomy to the School of Medicine in San Francisco where he remained for the rest of his career. Although he retired in 1964, he continued to pursue his research until 1972 as an emeritus professor. He went to Mexico on several occasions where he served as a consultant in studies relating to the use of human pituitary hormones.
During the early to mid-1950s, the University of California School of Medicine undertook the U.S. Government-sponsored project of establishing a medical education center in Djakarta, Indonesia. Lyons went to Djakarta in the year 1954-55 to aid in setting up the basis for
Lyon's contributions to mammary gland biology and to prolactin physiology were fundamental. His major presentation at the Laurentian Hormone Conference in 1957 laid the endocrinological basis for research programs using rodent models for the study of breast cancer that continue to this day. His patience and skill in performing demanding experiments and his careful analyses and sense of control set standards of excellence for succeeding generation of investigators.
As a result of his pioneering work, Lyons received the U.S. Army Legion of Merit in 1946 for his wartime work as a neuropathologist, when he carried out studies of peripheral nerve injuries and their repair. In 1964 he was designated the Faculty Research Lecturer by the San Francisco Division of the Academic Senate for his work as “an internationally recognized investigator in reproductive endocrinology (who) pioneered the identification and study of lactogenic and other hormones involved in milk secretion and breast tissue activity.” An Honorary Doctor of Laws degree was conferred upon him in 1968 by the University of California for his many years of service as a distinguished teacher and scientific investigator. The honorary title recognized him as being “world renowned for his elucidation of the complex hormonal relationships that govern mammary gland development and lactation and for his wartime work on the repair of peripheral nerve injuries.” This high honor also recognized his contributions in several other areas of research and his “profound influence on many students and colleagues during a notable career of learning and teaching.” Lyons was a member of the American Association of Anatomists, the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, and the Endocrine Society, for which he served as a council member from 1952-1954.
In teaching histology he was always a firm believer in the use of fresh organs or tissues for demonstrations in the laboratory whenever possible. The fresh material was usually obtained that day from a local slaughterhouse, and the demonstrations were intended to bridge the gap between gross and microscopic anatomy, to provide the students with an appreciation of the actual appearance of fresh organs from which the microscopic preparations had been obtained. This was a special approach to the teaching of histology, owing to a philosophy which he shared with professors Miriam Simpson and Alexei Koneff of the Department of Anatomy.
His younger colleagues who taught with him in the histology course for first-year medical students on both the Berkeley and San Francisco
Lyons was a man of high integrity and dignity who was modest, thoughtful and kind. He was a private person who kept his problems to himself and seldom complained, although he always seemed to find time to listen to the problems or opinions of his graduate students and fellow faculty members. His basic science and clinical training gave Lyons an admirable breadth of interests ranging from his association with the biochemical investigations of Professor C.H. Li in the Hormone Research Laboratory to his interactions with comparative endocrinologists in regard to prolactin biology.
Bill Lyons was fortunate to be physically active throughout most of his life. He particularly enjoyed swimming and scuba diving which he continued well into his seventies and was still swimming regularly in his ninetieth year! In addition to his interest and participation in sports activities, Bill always welcomed the opportunity to travel to foreign countries in connection with his professional activities. His fondness for travel to distant shores was even more apparent when he made trips after his retirement to Panama, South America, New Zealand, Australia and Antarctica, among other lands.
Bill Lyons was a remarkable man, not only academically and physically but also as an individual. His evident dignity and his quiet and incisive sense of humor combined to make him a colleague who will not soon be forgotten. He is survived by his son, William T. Lyons of San Francisco, and a brother, Raymond J. Lyons of Amherstburg, Ontario, Canada.
Børge Gedsø Madsen, Scandinavian: Berkeley
| 1920-1988 | |
| Professor of Scandinavian Literature, Emeritus |
Bø:rge Gedsø Madsen came to America as a young man with a long education in Denmark behind him. As a boy he attended the cathedral school in Odense. He went on to study at the universities of Aarhus and Cophenhagen, where he acquired a through grounding in Scandinavian culture of the late nineteenth century, a positivist orientation toward literature, an exact knowledge of the ins and outs of the Danish learned world, and a perfect French accent. As a teacher and scholar he never managed to adjust completely to the American academic environment.
Like many another young Scandinavian who sought his fortune in America, Borge spent many years teaching in midwestern schools before earning a Ph.D. from Minnesota in 1957. He came to Berkeley as an Assistant Professor of Scandinavian that same year.
It would be difficult to do justice to Borge's steadiness in relation to the Danish component in our program. Year after year Børge taught advanced courses in Danish language and literature, Scandinavian theater, and the modernist breakthrough. He could be a rigorous and demanding teacher, one who adapted to students' abilities and training, but who made no concessions about linguistic standards or the use of evidence. He was very severe with advanced graduate students who had been lazy. Børge did not understand or approve our American interest in theory and methodology; in spite of this he contributed certain imponderables to our program--a love of literature and learning, a sense that taste, erudition, wit, and style are also a part of learning in the humanities.
Never a particularly productive scholar, Børge's important research was his book, Strindberg's Naturalistic Theater, a study of the Swedish dramatist's use of French programs and manifestos. With one or
Over the years Børge developed into a much-appreciated spectator of this institutional world. All of us can recall with pleasure his disabused but accurate observations of academic arrogance, prevarication, and place-seeking. He could be utterly plain-spoken upon occasion.
Børge retired in 1988. His health had been poor for some time, and he died within the year. He was divorced. His is survived by three children, Thomas, Annalise, and Peter.
Donald J. Magilligan Jr., Surgery: San Francisco
| 1939-1989 | |
| Professor and Chief of The Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery |
Donald J. Magilligan Jr., died prematurely on November 20, 1989, after a short illness. Though Don had been a faculty member for only 15 months his death was mourned throughout the University.
Don was born in Brooklyn, N.Y. on June 6, 1939. He graduated from Brooklyn Preparatory and received his bachelor of arts with honors from Holy Cross College before attending medical school at Georgetown University. In 1965 he began his surgical residency at the University of Rochester, but left in 1967 for two years to serve in the United States Navy. Assigned to the Third Marine Division in Vietnam, he distinguished himself during the battle of Khe Sahn and received national attention for his heroic efforts to save a fellow corpsman wounded while attempting to air evacuate one of the many casualties of that battle. He received the Bronze Star for Valor in combat in recognition of his actions under those very difficult circumstances. Returning to the United States in 1968, he finished his tour of active duty at the United States Naval Hospital in Long Beach, California, before resuming his surgical residency at the University of Rochester in 1969.
Don joined the staff of the Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, in 1974 after completing his training in both general surgery and cardiothoracic surgery at the University of Rochester. Five years later he became the chairman of the division, a position that he held for the next 10 years. Under his guidance the division achieved national stature, making numerous contributions to clinical cardiothoracic surgery. One of his major achievements was to maintain an extensive cardiac surgery database containing complete annual follow-up information on all patients who had undergone valve surgery at Henry Ford Hospital. Through periodic and thoughtful analysis of this database he helped to define the natural history and
Don had numerous scientific and lay publications as well as a gift for public speaking. During his career he was the guest speaker at a variety of national and international meetings. He maintained an interest in all facets of adult cardiothoracic surgery and reviewed articles on diverse topics for several journals. He served as editor of the Cardiovascular Surgery Supplement to Circulation and was on the editorial board of two major journals, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery and The Journal of Cardiac Surgery. Though not in charge of a thoracic residency program until 1988, the American Board of Thoracic Surgeons recognized his commitment to excellence in cardiothoracic surgical training by inviting him to be a guest examiner from 1986-1988. During his career he served on numerous national committees including the American Health Association, The American College of Surgeons, The Society of Thoracic Surgeons and The American College of Chest Physicians. He was also the recipient of numerous awards including the prestigious Maxwell Chamberlain Award for the outstanding scientific paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons.
Don is survived by his wife, Danette, and six wonderful children of whom he was always justly proud. Despite the frequent absences from home that such a busy career entailed, Don was still very much a family person. He relished the time he spent with them and guarded it jealously. He affected the lives of everyone who knew him and his untimely death was a profound loss not only to his family but also to his many friends, patients and former colleagues.
Horace Winchell Magoun, Anatomy: Los Angeles
| 1907-1991 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
The death of Horace Winchell Magoun in Santa Monica, California on March 6, 1991, ended the career of one of the great creative figures in American neuroscience. Nationally and internationally recognized for his extensive investigations of the central nervous system, Magoun formulated the principle that the specialized functions of the cerebral cortex require the input of subcortical systems that reflect and govern the status and drives of the organism, including the continuum between deep sleep and high vigilance. Based on research carried out in the 1930s and 1940s, he, his collaborators and his students showed that the ascending reticular system of the brain stem serves as an arousal mechanism modulating cortical activity, as measured by the electroencephalogram (EEG). That concept was generalized and expanded to include the idea of cortical dependence on the state of neurotransmitter systems of brainstem origin. Since the discovery of the reticular activating system in 1949 by Magoun and Moruzzi, it was an continues to be the core, directly or indirectly, of a great deal of research into central nervous system mechanisms carried out by psychiatrists, psychologists, as well as neuroscientists.
Born in Philadelphia June 23, 1907, Magoun grew up in Newport, Rhode Island, where his father, an Episcopal clergyman, established and directed a Seaman's Church Institute during the First World War. After graduation from Rhode Island State College in 1929, Magoun obtained a master of science degree from Syracuse University; thereafter the doctorate from Northwestern University in 1934. His research there and his collaborative work at the Illinois Neuropsychiatric Institute were instrumental in reintroducing the stereotaxic method of precise targeting of electrodes for recording, stimulating, or destroying the electrical activity of specific cell clusters within the living brain.
In 1950 he became founding chairman of the Department of Anatomy at the new School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles. Temporary research laboratories were established in unused dependents' wards at the Long Beach Veterans Hospital for an expanding international group of appointed and visiting neuroscientists and students. Magoun's plans for a Brain Research Institute, the first in the United States, materialized in 1959 in a 10-story building attached to the UCLA Center for the Health Sciences.
As dean of the Graduate Division at UCLA, 1962-1972, Professor Magoun championed the recruitment of qualified women and minorities into the tenured ranks of the university. After his retirement, he continued that policy as director of the fellowship office of the National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1972-1974. In 1974 he returned to UCLA as emeritus Professor in the Department of Psychiatry to help develop its Division of Biobehavioral Sciences. From 1989 Magoun served as consultant to the Neuroscience History Program and devoted his last years to writing on historical essays.
He served on many advisory committee and councils of both private and federal health organizations, most notably to three of the National Institutes of Health. His 250 publications include research reports and reviews, historical articles, and papers on education in science; the most well known monograph is The Walking Brain (1958).
Magoun was a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Association of Anatomy (president, 1964), the American Physiological Society, The Society of Neuroscience, the International Brain Research Organization (“IBRO”; chairman of the Subpanel on Brain History); an associate member of the American Neurological Association and the American Academy of Neurology; and an honorary member of Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Cerebral Palsy, Societe de Neurologie Francaise, and other professional organizations. He received honorary doctor of science degrees from Northwestern University and Rhode Island State University and the Order of the Sacred Treasure from the Emperor of Japan, in addition to the Passano, Borden, and other awards and lectureships. His colleagues will miss the inspiration he provided especially to young scientists.
He is survived by his wife, Jeanette Jackson Magoun; son James; daughters Elizabeth and Ann; a sister, Mrs. Eleanor Jackmann in Pacific Grove, California; and five grandchildren and seven great-grandchildren.
Leonard A. Marascuilo, Education: Berkeley
| 1930-1989 | |
| Professor |
Leonard Marascuilo was a faculty member in the Berkeley School of Education for 27 years. During that time, he was the school's principal specialist in educational statistics, providing instruction and advice on quantitative research methods for many hundreds of graduate students who have, themselves, gone on to illustrious careers as educational researchers. Len always treated his students as collaborators and friends, and the collaborations and friendships continued indefinitely after graduation.
As the author of five textbooks and more than 60 published articles, Len was widely known and highly respected in his field. He was especially active in the American Educational Research Association, where he was a founder of the Journal of Educational Statistics and the Special Interest Group in educational statistics. In 1970 he won AERA's Palmer O. Johnson Award for a particularly important article that he had written with former student Joel Levin, now a professor at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Len was unusually productive in developing statistical techniques that would enable educational researchers to answer questions of interest as directly and rigorously as possible. In this regard, he focused particularly on procedures for simultaneous multiple comparisons in complex data sets. Among the procedures he developed were those for comparisons of proportions, correlation coefficients, and other measures of association, and for contrasts in factorial analyses of variance and in research designs where the usual statistical assumptions do not hold. Len's expertise in these areas made him an excellent statistical consultant to his faculty colleagues as well as to students.
Leonard Marascuilo was born into a large family in St. Paul, Minnesota on December 11, 1930. After taking the B.A. in mathematics and the M.A. in biostatistics at the University of Minnesota, he was a statistician in the U.S. Army for two years before beginning work toward the Ph.D. in biostatistics at Berkeley, in 1956. He was appointed Assistant Professor of Education at Berkeley in 1962, and was promoted to Professor in 1973. He died on October 22, 1989, at his home in El Cerrito.
Many of us will long remember Len's home as the place where we enjoyed the warm hospitality that he extended to colleagues, students, and staff, and to numerous friends with whom he shared his love of good food, opera, and travel abroad. Most of all, however, we will remember Len himself, for his sometimes startling candor, his sometimes outrageous humor, and his constant joie de vivre and kindness to all.
Ralph Wendell McKee, Biological Chemistry; Public Health: Los Angeles
| 1912-1992 | |
| Professor of Biological Chemistry, Emeritus | |
| Professor of Nutritional Sciences, Emeritus |
Ralph McKee died from cardiac arrest on April 27, 1992 as he was approached his 80th birthday. His sudden death came as a shock to his colleagues as many had seem him only a few day before, striding down the halls full of his usual energy with bow tie in place and a big smile and cheery greeting for everyone he met.
Ralph spent his early childhood on a farm in Oklahoma and when he was nine years old his family moved to Michigan. There he continued his education and attended Kalamazoo College, graduating with a B.S. in 1934. He stayed on supported by an Upjohn scholarship, and received an M.S. degree in chemistry a year later. He then enrolled in the Biochemistry Department of St. Louis University where he began his research on the newly discovered vitamin K. He became the first investigator to isolate this vitamin from fish meal and in 1940 he was granted a Ph.D. degree. Only two years later, in 1942, the St. Louis University research team headed by Professor Edward Doisy was awarded the Nobel prize for its work on vitamin K.
In the meantime (in 1940) Ralph had gone on to Harvard University as an assistant professor, first in the School of Public Health and after a year in the Department of Biochemistry in the Medical School. Here he worked on methods to combat the malarial parasite and for his efforts he received an award from the American Association for the Advancement of Science and recognization by Albert Schweitzer.
In 1953 Ralph was recruited by UCLA to the new School of Medicine as Professor of Physiological Chemistry and he remained there in the renamed Department of Biological Chemistry until his retirement in 1980. During this time the chief focus of his research was on tumor cell metabolism. He studied the enzymes of the glycolytic pathway and their
When Ralph retired he didn't leave the University but moved over to the School of Public Health where he continued to work full time. His research now emphasized biochemical aspects of the nutritional requirements for vitamins and minerals and their role in the prevention of tumor development. He was also an able and enthusiastic mentor for the graduate students. Every year he lectured on vitamin K to the students in the vitamins course, bringing along the laboratory notebooks he had used in his own research as a student.
Ralph gave much of his time to his community. He was a devoted member of the Methodist church, and worked with the Boy Scouts, YMCA, Goodwill, Rotary Club and City of Hope. He was honored by his community, receiving the award of Pacific Palisades Citizen of the Year in 1968. He also served as a trustee of Kalamazoo College for many years.
Ralph was devoted to his family, taking them with him on sabbaticals and traveling with them, usually on camping trips which he would plan in great detail and anticipate for many months. He is survived by his wife Jeriene, whom he met and married while still in college; two sons, Robert and James; a daughter, Jean Hayes; and her sons Robert, Michael, and Gary.
Although Ralph achieved a high degree of success early in his academic career, he never stopped working always with steadfast optimism and enthusiasm. With his wise and willing counsel he helped many students, former students, academic colleagues and members of his family and community. We all miss him.
John David Miller, Pediatrics and Medicine: Irvine
| 1950-1992 | |
| Assistant Professor in Residence |
John David Miller was born in Nova Scotia on August 20, 1950. He died in Newport Beach after a lengthy illness on November 25, 1992. John received his education through a pediatric endocrinology fellowship in Canada and additional pediatric endocrinology training at the Children's Hospital in Cincinnati. He received several scholarships and awards, including the Queen Elizabeth II Scientist Award of the National Research Council of Canada and a Career Scientist award of the Ontario Ministry of Health.
John was recruited by the Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, from the City of Hope, Duarte, California, his first post out of his fellowship at the University of Cincinnati. At UCI, he added an important dimension to our Division of Pediatric Endocrinology in expanding care for juvenile diabetes mellitus as well as for other pediatric endocrine disorders. At the same time he contributed clinically to the Diabetes Consortium in the UCI Department of Medicine.
It was clear from the start of our association that John was a conscientious, caring and ethical physician. His clinical skills were excellent. John enjoyed clinical work. His patients and their families developed close affectionate ties with him.
John was also a highly motivated and effective teacher. Students of all levels sought out opportunities to work with him on his research activities. He was twice awarded the annual Outstanding Full Time Faculty recognition by the Department of Pediatrics.
Another of John's great talents was his ability to produce creative and innovative clinical research. He not only produced ideas, but he had the necessary drive to see work to completion and publication. His last work consisted of pioneering studies of pulsatile secretion
John had an amazing capacity for scholarly work even in the throes of his final illness. During his short career he published 18 peer-reviewed articles, 6 book chapters, and 27 abstracts. He died with 5 more research articles in preparation. He had received several extramural research awards. His publications were predominantly in the area of metabolism of carbohydrates and calcium. He maintained also a strong interest in growth hormone physiology. His final published works were pioneering studies on growth hormone secretory patterns in normal newborn infants and in newborns with growth disorders. When death took John he was beginning to receive national and international recognition for these and other studies. He was a member of a number of regional and national societies devoted to endocrinology and to diabetes mellitus. He had performed editorial chores for several significant journals. Up to the final days of his life, when sheer existence became a labored and painful process, John maintained an active interest in the state of the publications and grant applications on which he and his collaborators were working. John left us heroic examples of courage and determination. We could also ask what we could accomplish if we approached our tasks, whether in teaching, research, or professional activities with the same degree of fortitude and enthusiasm.
We who knew and worked with John enjoyed his wit and good humor. He was, by nature, an optimist. In these personal characteristics he followed the advice of Hippocrates: “The physician must have at his command a certain ready wit, as dourness is repulsive to the healthy and to the sick” (Decorum, VII). John was a good judge of people and he saw through pomposity and posturing. At the same time he was charitable to others. It was not his style to hold grudges or to waste time in academic struggles over turf or position.
John was with us only a short time, but he left us a rich legacy of examples of patience, tolerance, discipline, industry, intellectual honesty, good cheer, optimism and professional integrity. We can learn from his example and in so doing we can become better physicians and better human beings.
Helen Nahm, Nursing: San Francisco
| 1902-1992 | |
| Dean of the School of Nursing, Emerita |
Helen Nahm, Dean of the UC San Francisco School of Nursing from 1958 through 1968, died May 23, 1992 at Cedarcrest Manor in Washington, Mo., at the age of 90.
For much of her career Dr. Nahm set the tone and pace for nurse educators at all levels of nursing in the United States and internationally. Because she believed that there is an explicit difference between medicine and nursing, she defined professional nursing as independent and interdependent practice, in addition to its collaborative functions. Appointed in 1950 as the director of the National Nursing Accrediting Service (the precursor of the National League for Nursing), she became director of the Department of Baccalaureate and Higher Degree Programs at the NLN in 1952 and in 1953 director of the Division of Nursing Education at the NLN.
From these positions she articulated a vision of nursing education which included the social and behavioral sciences, an innovative addition at the time which began to set the standard, particularly for baccalaureate education in nursing. At UCSF she facilitated the growth of the social and behavioral sciences in the School of Nursing, which eventually led to a department, the first basic science department within a School of Nursing. The department has served as a departmental prototype for the rest of the country.
Equally devoted to rigorous accreditation standards for nursing education, she guided the profession through the difficult process of establishing a single nursing accreditation service. For these achievements she received one of American nursing's highest accolades, the Mary Adelaide Nursing Award in 1967.
This was but one of many awards from her own profession and the educational world: four honorary doctoral degrees, numerous national
Her leadership in the years she was dean at the UCSF School of Nursing brought the school into the very top ranks of American university schools of nursing. In those years the school grew from 250 to 450 students and from 25 to 60 faculty. She laid the foundation for the school's subsequent successes with a number of innovative programs: an experimental baccalaureate degree and an expanded clinical specialty program terminating in a master of science degree. Perhaps most significantly, she and her faculty established a cutting edge doctoral program in nursing, one of the few in the country at that time and the only one in the west. The graduates of that program have gone on to take faculty positions in the leading university schools of nursing, deanships around the country and significant research, teaching and policy positions in international organizations and nursing schools.
A distinguished educator who wore her honors and achievements lightly and with great warmth and charm, Helen Nahm is remembered with respect and affection in her profession, in higher education and in the health sciences.
Thomas F. Parkinson, English: Berkeley
| 1920-1992 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Tom Parkinson contributed mighty service to both department and campus. Yet, to the end of his life here, he rather stood out than fit in. His great physical height and his craggy features were signals of his character and spirit: forthright, uncompromising, outspoken, passionate. Although he loved the academic life, and appreciated its privileges and comforts, he never forgot his own origins: he was the son of a San Francisco master-plumber union leader blacklisted in the great General Strike of the late '30s. Tom grew up in poverty, in the house his father had built in the Haight-Ashbury. After Lowell High School he had an unsuccessful bout with the insurance industry, then attended junior college. Discharged from the Army because of his height, he spent three of the war years as a shipfitter and outfitting planner, and a year logging in the northern California woods. All through this experience of exhausting and often painful physical labor, his love of literature and his habit of reading, nurtured by talented junior college teachers, remained intact. He took his three Berkeley degrees in four years.
The early decades of his career--the McCarthy and civil rights eras--called for the defense of causes and for championship of the oppressed. Tom, at a time when he was establishing an early reputation as scholar, critic and poet, and was uncovering new pleasures of family and of civilization--food, wine, music, travel, Europe--never lost any of his political sympathies. In 1960, the house UnAmerican Activities Committee held hearings at the San Francisco City Hall. Students asked Tom to monitor their picketing. After the San Francisco police washed the students down the building's steps with fire horses, Tom publicly commended the students for their peaceful and dignified behavior, and again for their peaceful picketing against compulsory ROTC.
Shortly, thereafter, he wrote a half-serious, half-comic article for the Daily Cal in which he pointed out that “in exchange for picking up hotdog and Dentyne wrappers on Sunday,” football players received around $750 a year, a sum equal to that paid to Readers in English, and almost double that paid our best undergraduate women, the Anne Sampson scholars.
The tall tree attracts the lightning. In those politically poisonous times, this article, and his other statements in support of students, instantly made Tom the subject of a broadside published by a rightwing political group. It called him a Stalinist and homosexual (terms which in those days were virtually synonymous). The broadside ended up in the hands of an insane former student, who, commanded by God, and wanting, he said, “to get someone associated with Communism,” walked into Tom's office with a sawed-off shotgun under his coat and fired it point-blank. The student with Tom was killed; half of Tom's face was wrecked, and vertebrae in his neck were fused.
We can only imagine the strain, the strength of will, it took to suppress the pain, the rage, and the physical disability enough to recover and go on, to resume teaching, and writing books, articles, and poems, as he did in the ensuing 30 years. And he continued to support causes. During the Free Speech Movement he headed the campus chapter of AAUP. He testified as an expert witness at the trial of Alan Ginsberg's Howl. He defended the booksellers of Lenor Kandel's The Love Book. His poem “A Litany for the American People,” mis-read by students at graduation in Memorial Stadium, is said to have had something to do with the fact that we no longer hold all-campus graduation ceremonies.
But of course, not all of Tom's services as citizen were controversial. His out-of-class services to students were many and continuous. He was instrumental in getting a substantial increase in prizes for students. He helped push through the establishment of the humanities field major. He worked with numerous groups both on and off campus to support secondary education, the teaching of writing, poetry reading, teacher training, extension offerings. He served the campus for a year as Ombudsperson, and had a central role in bringing student representation to Senate committees. He was one of the earliest and strongest faculty advocates for ethnic studies. In scholarship, his name is most closely associated with that of W.B. Yeats. One of the first important books on the poet, his W.B. Yeats, Self-Critic (1951) is still a cornerstone of serious discussions of Yeats's texts and his lifelong habit of revising them. W.B. Yeats, the Later
As poet, he moved easily within the San Francisco literary world. His own poetry (he published five volumes) has not been sufficiently appreciated. But in his championing of such others as Allen Ginsberg, John Montague, and Robert Duncan, he helped shape the “Beat” movement; his Casebook on the Beat (1960) shows him as their best critic and commentator. He also wrote extensively on Hart Crane, Yvor Winters, and Robert Lowell. His award-winning Poets, Poems, Movements (1987) contains essays on many poets who were his friends.
Tom culled his share of national fellowships and honors, and received conspicuous recognition abroad, with visiting appointments in Oxford, York, and the Institute of American Studies at Rome. In 1991 he received the Berkeley Citation.
He died on January 15, 1992 from an apparent heart attack, after a long period of illness. We have found two quotations that are most apposite to this memorial. The first is from the person who knew him best: “Tom Parkinson, in his mind and his body, had far more than the usual share of pain and suffering. In his posture toward the human condition, toward others, he did not accept misery as the normal state.” The second is Tom's own comment on Yeats, which can also be read as an unconscious self-portrait: “His poetic, like his poetry, shows us what can be done, it reveals to us possibilities of attainment that keep us from being satisfied with anything less than the very best. Even his failures, in performance or in motive, encourage risk and daring.”
Stuart Anderson Peoples, Physiological Sciences: Davis
| 1907-1992 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Stuart Anderson Peoples, Professor of Physiological Sciences at UCD School of Veterinary Medicine and former chairperson of the same department, died February 14, 1992. He was 84 years old.
He is survived by his wife, Velona Peoples of Davis; a grandson, Aaron Peoples; a granddaughter, Marina Peoples; and a sister, Janet Peoples Harrington of St. Helena.
Stuart Anderson Peoples was born in Petaluma on November 3, 1907 to Dr. and Mrs. Stuart Z. Peoples. He was educated in Petaluma schools and received a bachelor of arts degree from UCB in 1930. He later entered UC Medical School of San Francisco and received a doctor of medicine degree in 1934.
He was the recipient of a Merck Fellowship in pharmacology at the UC School of Medicine, San Francisco for 1934-1935; and a Commonwealth Fellowship in Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, London for 1935-1936. Dr. Peoples served as Assistant Professor of Physiology and Pharmacology at the University of Louisville Medical School, 1936-1938; Associate Professor of Physiology and Pharmacology at the University of Alabama Medical School, 1938-1943; and Professor of Physiology and Pharmacology at Baylor University Medical School, 1943-1947.
Peoples joined the UCD faculty in 1947 as Professor and Chairperson of the Department of Physiological Sciences in the School of Veterinary Medicine. He actively participated in the development of the academic programs of this new veterinary school; he was the founding chair and an original member of the Department of Physiological Sciences, which was later to include both Physiological Sciences and Pharmacology and Toxicology. During his term as chair, Peoples recruited A.L. Black, V.W. Burns, and R.A. Freedland, all of whom are now professors emeriti. He retired in 1975.
After retirement, Peoples served as a medical consultant for the Worker Safety Program of the California Department of Food and Agriculture from 1975-1982, and continued to be called upon to testify as an expert witness in forensic toxicological cases until 1986.
Peoples was a member of several scientific societies. Among his most significant contributions, he produced over 125 scientific papers and abstracts, many of which were written during his 28 years at UCD. His research focused on the general problems of agricultural chemicals in animal feed and on the effect of these chemicals as residues on animal and human health. In the course of this research, he developed valuable analytical techniques and detailed studies in the pharmacokinetics of several agro-chemicals including DDT, Kelthane, Organic Arsenicals and DRC-1339. He is recognized for his work on arsenic compounds in particular.
During People's long teaching and research career, several thousand students were touched by his ability to communicate, in the clearest and most precise terms, the basic principles of pharmacology and toxicology. His colleagues remember him as a productive scientist, an able administrator, an active participant in faculty affairs, and a champion of student causes; practitioners remember him as an expert consultant on toxicologic matters. Dr. Peoples was considered by his colleagues to be an exceptional academician, who was truly unselfish and genuinely dedicated to the advancement of science and human well-being. Friends miss his genial smile and remember him as a warm, friendly, outgoing person who was always willing to go the extra mile to help others.
Isadore Perlman, Chemistry: Berkeley
| 1915-1991 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Isadore Perlman died quietly in his sleep at about 10 a.m., August 3, 1991, at the John Douglas French Center for Alzheimer's and Related Diseases in Los Alamitos near Long Beach, California.
He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on April 12, 1915. His early life was marked by many changes, and these may have developed his capability to adjust to new concepts, facilitating the outstanding scientific contributions he made in later years to so many different disciplines. When he was very young the family moved to Minnesota and then moved again in 1930 to South Gate in Southern California. Perlman began undergraduate work at UCLA, transferred to UC Berkeley in 1934 for his junior and senior years and obtained a bachelor's degree in chemistry in 1936. He met Lee Grinblat in 1937; they married the same year and subsequently had three daughters, Judy, Alice and Paula, who all survive him.
In 1937 Perlman became interested in the use of radioactive tracers in physiology and began graduate studies under Israel L. Chaikoff at Berkeley. While a graduate student he was awarded a Rosenberg Fellowship, and, after obtaining the Ph.D. in physiology (1940), continued research with the aid of an Upjohn Fellowship. From 1937 to 1943 he published 19 papers in this field that demonstrated the usefulness of radioactive tracers of phosphorus, bromine and iodine to physiology.
Isadore Perlman first met Glenn T. Seaborg at UCLA in the fall of 1933, and this contact continued in Berkeley. In January 1942, immediately after the United States entered World War II, Perlman joined Seaborg's research group, which was investigating the development of chemical methods for the separation of plutonium from uranium and fission products. The Plutonium Project was very successful,
Immediately after the war Perlman returned to Berkeley, first as an Associate Professor and then a full Professor (1949) of Chemistry, thus beginning a third career. He helped direct the newly established Nuclear Chemistry Division in the Radiation Laboratory (now the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory), where the research on transuranium nuclides led to the synthesis and identification of 10 new elements. He and his student Louis B. Werner were the first to isolate a compound of curium in macroscopic quantity.
In 1947 he began publishing experimental and theoretical papers on alpha decay and was considered a world leader in this field for the next 20 years. The Bohr-Mottelson collective model and the later S.G. Nilsson unified model of the nucleus owed much to Perlman's experimental research program.
In the next two decades Perlman concentrated on the alpha decay process, nuclear energy level studies, and the identification of new isotopes. He worked with Stanley G. Thompson and Frank Asaro, for example, on nuclear structure, Frank S. Stephens on odd parity rotational states, Richard M. Diamond and Frank S. Stephens on multiple coulomb excitation, Albert Ghiorso, John O. Rasmussen and Frank Asaro on alpha-decay systematics, and Glenn T. Seaborg, Jack M. Hollander, Donald Strominger and C.M. Lederer on compilations of tables of isotopes. He published two books with Earl K. Hyde and Glenn T. Seaborg on The Nuclear Properties of the Heavy Elements. Between 1943 and 1975 Perlman and his collaborators, including 40 graduate students, published 92 papers in the nuclear field, with 58 in the Physical Review. Perlman was always a great friend to those starting their research careers.
In 1952 Perlman received the California Section Award of the American Chemical Society and was a Guggenheim Fellow in 1955 and 1963. In 1957 he served as Chairman of the Department of Chemistry at UC Berkeley and in 1958 became head of the Nuclear Chemistry Division and an Associate Director of the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory. Perlman received the Ernest O. Lawrence Award from the Atomic Energy Commission in 1960. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Danish Royal Academy.
In 1967, Perlman became interested in a completely new field, the determination of the origin of ancient pottery by elemental analysis of the pottery fabric. His group developed new measurement techniques for neutron activation analysis and new methodologies for interpreting the data. These led to fundamental changes in archaeological concepts, particularly in the Eastern Mediterranean, and were also important to geological studies. Perlman's work infused new vigor and standards of excellence in the field of neutron activation analysis, and laboratories based on procedures developed by Perlman and his colleagues were founded in France, Israel, and Germany. In this, his fourth career, he published with his students and co-workers over 25 papers relevant to archaeology and two significant to geology.
Perlman “retired” from the University of California at Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory in 1973 and obtained a dual professorship in archaeology and chemistry at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. There with Joseph Yellin he built a neutron activation analysis laboratory for studies of ancient pottery that soon became the most important facility in the world for this purpose.
He again “retired” in 1985, this time from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and returned to the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. There he helped Frank Asaro organize a program of measuring the abundance of the element iridium in thousands of rock samples to determine the relationship (according to the Alvarez concept) between massive extinctions of life on Earth in the past and the impact of large asteroids or comets.
At the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem as at UC Berkeley, Perlman was always a most conscientious teacher, and there were very strong bonds of affection between him and his students. His versatility, brilliance, quick wit, and unselfishness impressed all who knew him.
Robert V. Pyle, Nuclear Engineering: Berkeley
| 1923-1991 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Robert V. Pyle died unexpectedly of a heart attack on September 12, 1991 in Seattle, Washington, after having completed a distinguished career in research and teaching. Pyle was born on October 4, 1923, and grew up near San Diego, California. Upon graduation from UCLA in 1944, Phi Beta Kappa, with an AB in physics he entered the US Army and served as a lieutenant in the Signal Corps. On his discharge from the Army in 1946, he came to Berkeley for graduate school and received a Ph.D. in physics in 1951.
Pyle began his professional career at the University of California Radiation Laboratory, now the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, in early 1951. He was employed, along with a group of other young physicists, to design accelerators which could rival nuclear reactors as neutron producers. The project was known by the code letters “MTA.” He worked on the electron model of what has since become known as the alternating-gradient cyclotron. When a review of this program was published in 1956, he was one of the principal authors.
Subsequently, Pyle joined Project Sherwood, as the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission's program on controlled thermonuclear fusion was called at that time, and the remainder of his professional career was devoted primarily to research and development for fusion energy and related matters. His first significant contribution here was a carefully documented verification that the neutrons generated in high-current discharges in deuterium gas could not be taken as evidence for high-temperature thermonuclear conditions, but rather resulted from directional bombardment, indicating pinch instabilities, exactly as had been claimed by Soviet scientists reporting on similar work. While this finding dampened optimism for an early solution to the controlled-fusion-energy problem, it also helped lead
During his three decades in this field, Pyle's research covered a remarkable diversity of subjects, but all selected for their importance to the fusion program. Undoubtedly most significant, and therefore most frequently quoted was his extensive work on atomic and ionic cross-sections of relevance to the fusion problem, such as improved measurements of electron transfer cross-sections for deuterium, that provided design data for his later engineering achievements.
In 1971, the fusion research group at LBL took on the task of developing a new injection system of intense energetic neutral deuterium beams for heating an MFE plasma. This project, originally oriented toward the magnetic-mirror experiment at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, involved the invention of novel large ion sources, as well as the design, construction, and testing of high-performance electrostatic accelerators coupled with charge-transfer neutralizer channels. Pyle was the natural chief scientist for the last two of these tasks. The result was a monumental success. Under his leadership the group not only extended the technology of ion-beam accelerators from currents of milliamps to hundreds of amperes, but then charge-neutralized these high-energy beams so that they could penetrate the magnetic fields confining the high-temperature plasma. With Pyle as project manager, LBL became a center for neutral-beam injector (NBI) development for fusion applications.
Before long, these injectors enabled mirror-machine research to achieve plasma conditions so impressive that other fusion experiments began turning to this heating technique. In particular, it was decided that the large tokamak at Princeton, the TFTR, would have to have neutral-beam injectors, and LBL was asked to design, build and test the prototype. After this task was successfully completed, Pyle and his team were chosen to develop the so-called “Common Long-Pulse Source,” including the associated accelerating structure, that was to feed the neutral-beam injectors for all of the large fusion experiments in the United States.
Today, all of the large tokamaks in the world use multi-megawatt neutral-beam injector systems patterned after the one developed under Pyle's leadership at LBL. High-temperature plasmas that are actually in the thermonuclear range of parameters are nowadays routinely produced in these experiments, and much of the credit for this success belongs to Robert Pyle, for his untiring efforts, his good judgment, his physical insight, his perseverance and his skill as a project manager.
Pyle joined the fledgling Nuclear Engineering Department in 1960 as a Lecturer and introduced the nuclear-fusion program into the curriculum. For many years, until a full-time faculty member was added in the field of nuclear fusion, he was the mainstay in the department in research and teaching in this field. Many students obtained master's and Ph.D. degrees under his supervision.
Whether in his role as program manager, collaborator, research supervisor, or just plain friend, Bob impressed everyone with his understanding, patience, and ability to stimulate the people with whom he worked. He is warmly remembered by his students and colleagues. He is survived by his wife Joyce of Bellingham, Washington.
Henry James Ralston: San Francisco and Berkeley
| 1906-1993 | |
| Research Physiologist |
Henry J. “Bip” Ralston, whose research on the physiology and the mechanics of human walking led to major improvements in artificial limbs for amputees, died of cardiovascular disease at his home in San Francisco on January 3, 1993 at the age of 86.
Bip Ralston was a member of a pioneer San Francisco family, his grandfather arriving in San Francisco from Scotland in 1861. Ralston attended public school in San Francisco and matriculated at the University of California, Berkeley in 1923. He supported himself as an undergraduate by serving as a staff writer and columnist for the old San Francisco Bulletin. He then entered the graduate program in zoology at Berkeley and received the Ph.D. in 1934, following which he served as instructor in zoology for a year. He held appointments at City College of San Francisco from 1935-1939, and in the School of Dentistry in San Francisco from 1939 to 1944. He served as Assistant Professor at the Department of Physiology at the University of Texas, Galveston, from 1944 to 1945, and then was named to the faculty of the California College of Physicians and Surgeons at the University of the Pacific, where he rose to the rank of Professor in 1953. During that same postwar period Ralston began his physiological research in the Biomechanics Laboratory of the Department of Orthopedic Surgery in San Francisco, collaborating with Professor Verne Inman and faculty members of the Department of Mechanical Engineering in Berkeley. Their work was an outstanding example of multidisciplinary research focused on an important problem: the physiological and mechanical properties of human locomotion, and how normal locomotion is perturbed in individuals having an amputation of part or all of the lower extremity, or in patients having paralysis of the lower limb following injury or stroke. Ralston was appointed a Research Physiologist
In addition to his research activities at UCSF, Ralston taught neuromuscular physiology to several generations of students in the Physical Therapy Program in the School of Medicine.
Bip Ralston was an ardent chess player during his college days and was nationally ranked in the 1930s and 1940s. He was also a lifelong admirer of the musical compositions of Beethoven and his extensive collection of recordings of Beethoven dating back to the 1930s were among his most precious possessions.
Bip Ralston and his wife Sue were married for 59 years at the time of his death. Their eldest son, Henry J. III, is Professor of Anatomy at the University of California, San Francisco; their second son, Stephen, is a senior staff lawyer at the Legal Defense Fund of the NAACP in New York; their younger son, John, is a high school teacher in the San Francisco Bay Area and has held administrative staff appointments at UCSF. Ralston is also survived by his sister, Harriet Dodgen, of Pullman, Washington.
Theodore Lee Reller, Education: Berkeley
| 1908-1992 | |
| Professor of Educational Administration, Emeritus |
Theodore L. Reller, Professor of Educational Administration and former Dean of the School of Education at Berkeley, died of a heart attack on March 18, 1992. He came to Berkeley in 1948 at the invitation of Dean William Brownell and, with the strong backing of the education faculty, became Dean of the school in 1962 and served until 1971. Fortunately, he brought to the deanship previous experience in administration, for during the decade of his tenure in the '60s, relations among faculty, students, and University administrators were notoriously difficult.
Reller was born in 1908 in Hatfield, Pennsylvania, and earned the bachelor of science and master of arts degrees from the University of Pennsylvania in 1928 and 1930. During much of the time from 1927 to 1930 he worked as supervising principal of Towanmencin Township Schools. In 1930 he entered Yale University with a teaching fellowship and was awarded the Ph.D. in 1933. From 1931 to 1948 he was Instructor and then Professor at the University of Pennsylvania. While at Pennsylvania, he was involved in an number of educational studies and surveys, and directed an annual conference for 10,000 teachers from Pennsylvania and neighboring states.
In 1935-36, he was granted leave to accept a Harrison's Post-Doctoral Fellowship to study the administration of schools and the relationships between education and the social services in the British Isles; perhaps this was the beginning of his continuing interest in comparative education in a number of countries.
After he came to Berkeley in 1948 as Professor of Education, Reller, by then a recognized authority on public administration and finance, was able to combine his popular seminars and classes at the University with participation in surveys of schools at local, state, and
As Dean, he believed that a school of education of a major university should play an important leadership role in education throughout the state, and his continuation of a Field Service Center, with a mandate to assist public schools by providing expertise to help solve their problems, was one attempt to meet this need. He also fostered an Education Alumni Association to bring alumni of the school together to discuss current problems and issues in the workplace and to hear from leaders in the University and the field. He established an institute for the training of school administrators and worked closely with school districts in the placement of top administrators.
In addition to his concern with public schools in the state, he was fascinated by the educational scene in many countries. He studied and wrote extensively on comparative education, and his sabbatical leaves would find him exploring yet another area of the world.
In 1958 he won a Fulbright Award to lecture and conduct research at the University of Amsterdam, studying the complications produced by the political and religious history of The Netherlands and suggesting remedies to bring a measure of order to the situation. In 1965 he spent several months in Baghdad at the request of the then government of Iraq, observing and advising on the rapid expansion of a nationally operated school system for girls as well as for boys. He was able to arrange for students from Iraq, as well as those from other nations he visited, to come to Berkeley to study for higher degrees before returning to serve in their own countries.
His interest in comparative education led him to study the educational systems of Japan, Thailand, and Laos in the Far East; to consult, along with a group of Berkeley professors from several disciplines, with counterparts in Yugoslavia; to continue his studies of British education; to serve with a government fact-finding group in Lebanon; and to secure for the University and the school agency for International Development contracts to assist the educational systems of Colombia, Samoa, and Pakistan.
As professor, he was a fine teacher and, in his quiet way, a challenge and inspiration to his students. As Dean, he was a humane administrator, smoothing the way for his younger faculty, in particular, by providing support for their research, writing, and professional activities. He believed that education in the public schools was not
After his retirement in 1976 he remained interested in the educational scene in this country and abroad, and he continued traveling and occasionally teaching a course. He found peace and contentment working in his garden and enjoying the companionship of his family and friends.
Professor Reller is survived by his wife Margery of Berkeley; sons Theodore Jr. of Palo Alto and Austin of New York City; daughter Nancy of Redwood City; and two grandchildren.
Horst W.J. Rittel, Architecture: Berkeley
| 1930-1990 | |
| Professor of The Science of Design |
Horst W.J. Rittel, a pioneering theorist of design and planning died of lymphatic cancer on July 8, 1990 in Heidelberg, Germany. He was born in 1930 and grew up in Berlin, where he attended the Gymnasium Adolfinum. Upon graduation he enrolled at the University of Göttingen to study mathematics and theoretical physics. In 1953, fresh out of school, he found employment in the Maschinenfabrik Deutschland in Dortmund as an operations researcher. There Horst first became fascinated with the concepts that later became the focus of his career: the activities of design and planning. Before pursuing these topics, however, he joined the Sozialforschungsstelle of the University of Münster in Dortmund in 1958. His role was that of mathematician and statistician, developing socioeconomic prediction models and evaluating sociological field research. Simultaneously, he pursued the study of sociology and mathematical logic at the university.
Rittel's writings are as varied as his educational background. They are difficult to classify, because they are scattered in the professional journals of disciplines as disparate as chemistry and law, computer science and policy science, or architecture and information science. The writings, however do have a common core. Horst saw the theme of his work to be the reasoning of designers: the nature of their problems, the kinds and structures of the knowledge they use, the formation of judgment, their logics of procedure. He called it the science of design.
As he said, he had the good fortune to participate in the development of the science of design from its beginning. He laid the cornerstones of his work at the Hochschule für Gestaltung at Ulm where he was both teacher and director from 1958 to 1963. At Ulm he argued
Rather, he asked, to what degree can and should design processes be made explicit, and to what extent can and should they be made communicable to others. For only communicable processes can be taught, and only explicitly formulated processes can be critically scrutinized and improved upon.
In 1963 Rittel was called to Berkeley. Of this event he said “my special luck was the invitation to join the faculty at Berkeley: I could not have found a livelier, more stimulating and resourceful place in the world.” And indeed, Rittel often talked about how he was challenged by his new colleagues and students here. He always acknowledged how their thinking had influenced his own; he considered them to have been the pioneers of the idea that design and planning are most important subjects of scientific inquiry.
His Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning proved to be a seminal treatise. There he expounds on the inherently intractable nature of design and planning problems which he termed “wicked” to contrast with the tame problems of mathematics, chess, or puzzle solving.
The notion of wicked problems led Rittel to a radically new conception of design and planning processes and of methods appropriate to their resolution. He described the design process as inherently argumentative, in which the designer continually raises questions and argues with himself and others over the advantages and disadvantages of alternative responses. Methods that support argumentation and facilitate the identification of questions, responses, and arguments, he called methods of the second generation to distinguish them from their earlier methods of operations research.
In 1973 Rittel received a call to join the architecture faculty at the University of Stuttgart. There, he founded the Institut für Grundlagen der Planung, which he directed until his last days. Yet, he had not abandoned Berkeley for Stuttgart; he simply became an international commuter splitting his time between the two institutions.
In more recent times Horst was involved with what he termed natural intelligence-enhancement. He had been a stubborn skeptic of the ambitions of artificial intelligence researchers, who seek to create computer programs that simulate intelligent behavior, or better yet, that surpass human intellectual capabilities. To him this was the story of the Golem, or of Faust and his homunculus, all over again. He was specifically critical of today's widespread attempts at constructing expert systems. He contended that the expert knowledge embodied in such systems would become nothing more than
Before his premature death, Rittel was working on a general theory of technology, that is the description, analysis, and theory of instrumental knowledge. He was asking how we might more effectively trace the consequences of applying a technology, and how we might construct a combination of technologies in pursuit of desired results without also generating unforeseen and undesirable side- and after-effects, the nightmares of designers. Horst considered his work in chemistry, for which he received international recognition, to be a special case of this general theory. Over the years he had developed an algebra of chemistry which allowed him to trace the outcomes of chemical reactions over as many steps as desired. Chemical engineers are typically interested in the “yield” of a reaction, that is, the percentage of a desired compound produced by a reaction, not the residues of that reaction. But, typically for Horst, he was interested in what others discarded. He wanted to find what happens when residues get thrown together as in the effluents of sewage plants. These residues or nondescript aggregates he called “mishmashes.” He often apologized for the term but said that even distinguished chemists could not find a less vulgar word for this important concept. He had outlined a theory of mishmashes, but it will fall to others to elaborate it.
Incomplete as it is, the rich and innovative work of Horst Rittel, even if it is not yet fully recognized, has opened new directions and has already stamped many generations of students. Because, as he once said, innovative ideas need lengthy incubation before they become integrated into the course of “normal” research and into professional practice, the full impact of his work will not be appreciated for many years.
He is survived by his wife, Anita; a son, David, and a daughter, Caroline.
Felix Ruvolo, Art: Berkeley
| 1912-1992 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
“Many former students will, with fondness, remember Felix as a profound teacher and artist who emphasized that subjectivity is truth. With a passion for jazz and its lyrical meaning, Felix instilled in his students a deep and emotive concern for painting in particular and art in general.” One colleague made this observation and another offered the following. “When Felix was recommended for appointment in 1950, the Art Department faculty voted unanimous approval. This was amazing as usually much discussion of a candidate's merits ensued and rarely was there such complete agreement. There was no doubt that Felix Ruvolo's reputation had gone before him.”
He was born in New York City in 1912, but raised in the home of his grandparents in Sicily where he first studied with an Italian artist. At age 12, he returned to the home of his parents, who soon moved to Chicago. They were aware of his intense interest in art and had him continue studies with a local artist and then at the Chicago Art Institute. By 1938 he was exhibiting regularly and was accorded his first invitation to participate in an American Federation of Arts traveling exhibition. Invitations to exhibitions at other major institutions followed--the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Brooklyn Museum, the Corcoran Gallery of Art, the Carnegie Institute, the Phillips Gallery Museum, the Pennsylvania Academy, the Walker Art Center, the “Contemporary American Painting” surveys at the Krannert Museum from 1948 to 1961, the Sao Paulo Biennials in Brazil, the Galerie Creuse in Paris. He was represented in the ground-breaking exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1951, “Abstract Painting and Sculpture in America.” His many one-man shows included those at
His teaching career began at the Art Institute of Chicago in 1945 and continued until 1948 when he moved with his wife Mardi to New York. Mills College in Oakland had established a program of bringing distinguished artists, such as Fernand Leger, to the campus as guest instructors. Felix was invited for the summer session of 1948; during that sojourn, he had solo exhibitions in the Mills College Art Gallery and at the De Young Museum in San Francisco. At that time he met many Bay Area artists who were to become life-long friends of the Ruvolos.
His national reputation had been firmly established, when in 1949 Felix was extended the invitation for appointment to the faculty on the Berkeley campus. He accepted, but intended to leave the Chicago-New York scene for just one year. He began teaching here in the fall of 1950 after having driven across the country with Mardin in a classic Ford, a woody station wagon, with their dog, a red Irish setter, in the back seat. They first settled in Walnut Creek, which was then largely a pleasant, rural area. They liked it. The idea of a one-year sojourn faded. Their son, Antonio, was born. More and more people moved into the area, it became suburban. The roads were still two-lane and the commute became unbearable. They moved into Berkeley.
The first house in Berkeley was on Hearst below Shattuck, an ancient Victorian, walking distance from Spreckels Hall, the “art building” near present Wurster Hall. In the rear of the property was a large barn-like structure which became Felix's studio. The floor was soon covered with paint cans as he went to work producing a series of large canvases, painting with broad strokes in a heavy impasto. His earlier works were referential, often on fantasy themes. These new paintings were non-objective in idiom, rich in color, line and texture. They were marvelous, they were beautiful, they bespoke his creative genius. Critics came, collectors came, colleagues came, students came, friends from the East came. Artists were invited to serve
They discovered an attractive, modern house in the Oakland-Berkeley hills. Their son had completed a doctorate in anthropology and together they assembled an invaluable ethnic art collection, certainly one of the finest anywhere. Works from every part of the globe were displayed throughout the home. Then, on Sunday morning, October 20, 1991, a tremendous wind blew over the hills bringing a catastrophic fire. Felix later told a friend, “I stepped out of my house and saw a wall of fire coming down the road.” Their car was being repaired, they had only to save a few personal items before their neighbor, Adelie Bischoff, got them into her small car--one of the last to leave the stricken area. They accepted their great loss with courage and stoicism. They found another beautiful home in Marin County, in an area of Sausalito overlooking the bay, not unlike the Amalfi coast. He set up an easel and prepared to paint and to draw again. These plans were frustrated by the onslaught of cancer. Felix passed away on October 10, 1992. He is survived by Mardi, his wife of 45 years; their son, Antonio; and daughter-in-law, Gabrelle. Felix remains a vivid memory for all those here, in the east, and in Europe who knew him as an affectionate friend, a respected teacher and an artist who so greatly enriched their lives and their futures. Among his students who have achieved distinction in the profession are: Wayne Anderson, Walter de Maria, Mark di Suvero, William Brown, Mary Snowden, Paul Wonner, Fred Martin, Ray Saunders, and Barbara Rogers.
John Bertrand de Cusance Morant Saunders, Anatomy: San Francisco
| 1903-1991 | |
| Professor Emeritus, Regents Chair of Medical History | |
| Professor of Anatomy, Emeritus | |
| Chancellor, Emeritus |
John Bertrand de Cusance Morant Saunders, first Provost and first Chancellor of the University of California San Francisco, died on December 12, 1991 at the age of 88. He had served the University with distinction and vision for nearly 60 years.
John Saunders was born of Scottish parents in Grahamstown, South Africa, in 1903, and there he attended St. Andrews Preparatory School and Rhodes University College (1919-1920). Like his father, he decided on a medical career and in 1920 was accepted into the University of Edinburgh Medical School from which he graduated M.B., Ch.B. in 1925. Thereafter he was an intern, a surgical resident, and an instructor in anatomy. In 1930 he became a fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons (Edinburgh).
In response to an invitation to join faculty of the UC Medical School, John and his wife Alison arrived in San Francisco in 1931. He was appointed an Assistant Professor of Anatomy and taught on both the San Francisco and Berkeley campuses. In 1933 he was given the additional appointment of Lecturer in the History of the Health Sciences. His advancement threafter was rapid. In 1935 he became an Associate Professor of Anatomy, and in 1937 was appointed Chairman of the Department of the History of the Health Sciences. The following year he became Professor and Chairman of the Department of Anatomy and in 1943 was named Librarian of the UC San Francisco campus. Next he became Dean of the School of Medicine and Chief Campus Officer in 1956. Two years later he was appointed the first Provost of the UC San Francisco campus and in 1964 became the first Chancellor. In 1966 he resigned the latter position to accept the newly
Dr. Saunders' long period of service at UCSF included the difficult years of the Depression and World War II. During the latter, in spite of his many University duties, he was a member of the National Research Council, the National Defense and Research Committee, and the Joint Research Board. He was much involved in the post-war period with the growth of the Schools of Dentistry, Medicine, Nursing, and Pharmacy, and in the establishment of the Graduate Division in 1961. He played an active role in the beginning of the Moffitt Hospital, the Medical Sciences Buildings, and other campus structures.
John had an interesting upbringing. He was influenced by his father, a surgeon with a penchant for the classics, who tutored him in Latin and Greek from an early age. Later he found this knowledge valuable when he became interested in medical history. Another influence was his maternal grandfather, John Miller Meiklejohn the first Professor of Education in the University of St. Andrews who devised a phonetic system to improve reading skills. All the Saunders children learned to read by it. From his mother, an active promoter of the protection of South African flora, he came to appreciate the importance of guarding the environment.
An excellent instructor, John taught gross and clinical anatomy at all levels. He was highly popular with the students because he was able to make complex structures understandable usually by means of artistic blackboard drawings. It was not unusual for his lectures to exceed the scheduled time but nobody seemed to mind. His seminars and lectures on the history of medicine, where he displayed historical books and illustrations, always drew enthusiastic audiences.
In Edinburgh Saunders became interested in orthopedics and on reaching San Francisco he joined Drs. Abbott and Inman in their investigation of the spine, normal and pathological gait, and the mechanics of the upper and lower limb joints. The results of these studies received wide recognition.
Despite his many administrative duties John authored around 120 publications about half of which are concerned with clinical anatomy. Of the remainder, 28 are on medical history and eight of these are books. The rest are prefaces to books. In addition, he wrote about 130 critical book reviews for Isis and other journals.
Furthermore, he received great renown from the publication of several important books. Among those he co-authored are The Illustrations
When John became Librarian in 1943 the UCSF Library contained around 65,000 bound volumes; when he retired 28 years later the number had increased to 335,000. The fine collection of books in the new UCSF Library is in large part due to his foresight and stewardship. In 1972 the Academic Senate recognized this by presenting him with a resolution which states “his vision and imagination are reflected in the fresh and vigorous approach given to the development of the Library.” More recently, the late David Bishop, University Librarian, stated that the contributions of John Saunders “were absolutely critical in making this Library an outstanding informational and intellectual resource.”
John strongly believed that man must be considered in relation to his environment and culture. With this in mind in 1960 he appointed a “Committee for Arts and Lectures” to promote the concept of human ecology and the role of the physical, biological, and social environment on the health and well-being of man. This resulted in visits to the campus by many outstanding lecturers and performers. About the same time, he established in the library a browsing room containing books on a wide variety of topics including philosophy, history, the arts, and modern and classical fiction.
John's long and productive career brought him many honors. In 1962 he was made a Commander of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, an order of chivalry established in the Middle Ages to protect the health of Crusaders. In addition to this he received an LL.D. (UC), an honorary D. Sc. (Edinburgh), the UCSF Medal, a Doctor of Humane Letters (USF), and an honorary Ph.D. (Chinese Cultural University of Taipei). In 1946 the quadrangle between the old library and the School of Nursing was named Saunders Court in honor of John and Alison Saunders for their many contributions benefiting students and faculty. Mrs. Saunders, who died in 1976, was an untiring worker for the campus.
In his earlier years John was active in a variety of sports. He was a scratch golfer and in his student days was Captain of the Edinburgh University Golf Team. By way of relaxation he enjoyed painting water-colors and fly fishing. Although he became emeritus in 1971 for most of the next 20 years he continued to write, lecture, and give seminars on the history of medicine.
John Saunders will be remembered for his devotion to the University of California and for his leadership in developing the San Francisco campus into a position of eminence in the health sciences. He will also be remembered as a gifted teacher, a distinguished scholar, and as a kindly and compassionate person with whom one could feel at ease.
He is survived by his second wife, Rosebud Lane Stalk, and by his daughters, Allison (Mrs. Alyn Duxbury) and Margery (Mrs. Donald Hellman) both of Seattle, and by six grandchildren. His ashes will be interred in Scotland.
Henry A. Schade, Naval Architecture: Berkeley
| 1900-1992 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Henry Adrian Schade (“Packy” to his friends) was born on December 3, 1900 in St. Paul, Minnesota, and died in his sleep at his home in Kensington on August 12, 1992. He attended the St. Paul public schools and in 1919 was appointed to the United States Naval Academy, from which he was graduated with distinction in 1923. Following two years at sea, he was selected for the Construction Corps of the U.S. Navy and sent to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for further education in naval architecture. He received the M.S. degree from MIT in 1928. There followed tours of duty at the Mare Island Navy Yard, the design section of the Bureau of Construction and Repair, and the Experimental Model Basin, the latter two in Washington, D.C. In 1935 Schade was sent for further graduate study to the Technische Hochschule Berlin-Charlottenburg, and from this university he received the degree Dr.-Ing. (with distinction) in 1937.
Upon his return to the U.S., he was assigned to the office of the supervisor of shipbuilding of the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company. During this period Schade played a major role in the development of the Essex-class aircraft carriers, which became the backbone of the fast carrier task forces roaming the Pacific during the latter half of World War II. In 1941 Schade was reassigned to the Bureau of Ships in Washington, where he was placed in charge of aircraft-carrier design. During this time he was responsible for the design of the Midway class of large attack carriers. These incorporated several significant design innovations. Perhaps the most important of these was treating the flight deck as a strength deck. For his work during World War II he was awarded the Legion of Merit and the O.B.E. (Order of the British Empire).
In the summer of 1944 Schade was assigned as the U.S. Navy representative on the Scientific Mission to Europe, which was responsible for studying and evaluating enemy wartime scientific and engineering accomplishments. A few months later he organized and was appointed chief of the Naval Technical Mission in Europe. As chief of this mission, now with the rank of Commodore, he directed a team of specialists in various subjects in the collection of technical information all over Germany. For this work he was awarded the Gold Star in lieu of a second Legion of Merit.
On November 1, 1945 Schade became director of the Naval Research Laboratory, a position that he held until he retired from the Navy in January 1949 in order to accept a position here at Berkeley as Professor of mechanical engineering and Director of the Institute of Engineering Research. In the latter capacity he was responsible for the administration of all contract-supported research in the College of Engineering. As Professor of mechanical engineering he began developing a curriculum in naval architecture as an option within mechanical engineering.
During the next few years, he oversaw the construction of a laboratory at the Richmond Field Station for research in ship structures and ship hydrodynamics. In 1958 he organized the Department of Naval Architecture and became its first chairman. Although Packy had had experience in almost all practical aspects of ship design and construction, his attitude toward university teaching was that the university was the place to learn fundamentals, and that practical details could be more effectively learned on the job. With this philosophy the department started a graduate program with the underlying premise that classroom instruction and research should be mutually supporting and interrelated. One consequence was the early introduction of a program leading to the doctorate. Packy's former doctoral students now occupy important positions in the world of shipbuilding and offshore engineering. The department's educational philosophy has had an impact internationally and has been emulated by almost all institutions teaching naval architecture. His reputation attracted graduate students from all over the world, and as a result of the international nature of the enrollment, a culturally diverse and intellectually stimulating atmosphere pervaded the department, an effect that continued after Packy's retirement in 1968.
Packy's own specialty was ship structures, and in this field he was preeminent. His reputation attracted to the department others in the field who wanted to spend a sabbatical year with him. Because of his
Packy's years of service as a naval officer marked his personal demeanor in noticeable ways, starting with a military bearing, careful attention to personal appearance, and meticulousness about appointments. Yet he was also a very open person and always gentlemanly in his relationships with others. Although somewhat reserved in manner, he was friendly with colleagues and students, accessible to the latter, and continued to influence them professionally long after they had left Berkeley. A popular and regular feature of the beginning of the fall semester was an open house for students and faculty hosted by Packy and his gracious wife Alice. His recent years were made me difficult because of a broken leg, aftermath of being struck by a speeding driver, and the long illness of his wife, who predeceased him in 1990. Nevertheless, Packy continued to welcome visits by friends, colleagues, and former students until the end of his life. He is survived by two sons, Henry A. Schade Jr. of Mountain View, California, and Richard J. Schade of Deerfield, Illinois; and three grandchildren.
Paul Seabury, Political Science: Berkeley
| 1923-1990 | |
| Professor |
Paul Seabury, one of the most challenging scholars of recent American foreign policy, died on October 17, 1990, of renal failure. He came to the University of California at Berkeley in 1953, the same year he completed his dissertation at Columbia University. A native New Yorker whose roots went back to colonial America (the pre-revolutionary Seaburys fought for the forces of George III during the American rebellion), Seabury slowly became a Californian with a New York background.
Seabury was an intellectual Tory. Suspicious of polemics disguised as scholarship, he believed that more of Western civilization was worth preserving than changing. Edmund Burke appealed to him more than Jean-Jacques Rousseau, English political philosophers more than French. Born to a Euro-centric, North Atlantic world, he concentrated his earlier research within its bounds. Within this arena, Seabury focused on issues of war and peace; he found little of interest in the revival of the study of international political economy or the new theories of global interdependence. In later years, however, he dealt with such world-wide problems as oil and famine.
Appalled by the New Left diplomatic historians of the 1960s, he considered their work ideologically driven and mean in spirit. Seabury was never at home in the America of the 1960s. If he referred to the decade at all, he called it the time of troubles. His wife, Mappie, along with sons John and David, tried to introduce him to the less negative side of that turbulent time, including its music, which they loved. He remained unimpressed. Mappie became the musical bridge, playing her flute in a local ensemble, while the boys played in a rock band and the professor-father played the organ in a church that broke with its parent body to retain its traditional liturgy.
What did impress Seabury, focusing his attention for the 37 years of his professorship, was the exercise of power in international politics. Early in his career he won the Bancroft Prize for his 1969 book, Power, Freedom, and Diplomacy. A dozen books followed that prize-winner. He wrote other books alone, but he also loved the companionship of creative spirits and remained one of Berkeley's most sought-after collaborators. With Berkeley's own Aaron Wildavsky came The Great Detente Disaster: OPEC and the Decline of American Foreign Policy; with Walter McDougall of the University of Pennsylvania, The Grenada Papers; and with the Hoover Institution's Angelo Codevilla in 1989, War: Ends and Means, which went into a second edition in the summer of 1991. All of his collaborations reinforced friendships. Wildavsky states it best when he says: “For being so stern, Paul Seabury was the most whimsical man I knew.”
How whimsical? He introduced Berkeley to croquet, sponsoring matches to which he invited faculty and university visitors. When he saw how deplorable the knowledge of the game was in the trans-Mississippi West, he authored a book on “The Rules of Croquet.” At Christmas he wanted to go caroling, but the Bay Area hills had never been alive with the sound of music nor were they easy to climb and descend on foot. Undaunted, he and other faculty rented a flatbed, loaded Seabury's pump organ on it, and rolled through the hills singing at the top of their professional lungs, Seabury at the organ. Later, as the potholes in the hilly roads grew larger, Seabury rented an airplane to fly a banner above the town, the message on the flapping banner protesting Berkeley's road conditions. When the occasion presented itself, he dueled verbally with local journalists over California issues. San Francisco's leading columnist and raconteur, Herb Caen, kept up a running commentary with Seabury over Caen's campaign for public facilities. And Caen was one of many in the fourth estate who, having heard of Seabury's death, paid a tribute to him in their newspapers. Seabury was famous for his collection of caps, sporting a Chinese People's Liberation army cap one day followed by headgear styled on Sherlock Holmes the next. Seabury noted that his post-1964 students usually wore a form of protest costume to campus; therefore he joined them via his international caps.
Power did not awe him, nor did the powerful. At home at Berkeley or Harvard, Berlin's Free University or London's Royal Institute of International Affairs, all of which hosted him as a visiting professor, he also could be seen near the banks of the Rhine and the Potomac. His dissertation was on the German Foreign Office, the Wilhelmstrasse, and when it moved from Berlin to Bonn, so did
As a critic of the powerful, it was not only secular authority that felt the bite of Seabury's analysis but also religious leadership, especially that of his own Episcopal church. In a Harper's cover piece, “Trendier Than Thou,” Seabury reminded his audience that, while the early Episcopal Church had refused to follow the radicalizing trends of 17th-century English nonconformists, he believed that its late 20th-century bishops had reversed this conserving force, losing themselves and the fellowship in a popularity contest. Like so much that Seabury wrote, it was a powerful critique from one who treasured much of the past, pomp and circumstance included. Abuse of secular authority also caused Seabury to charge into the fray; from 1971 to his death he was a member of the Executive Committee of Freedom House, an organization that reported on political rights and civil liberties around the globe. Although a Tory, Seabury believed in an old Whig warning about the corrupting force of power, especially absolute power. In order to sound the alarm about abusive use of power, Seabury often issued his personal warnings by way of guest editorials in The New York Times or The Wall Street Journal, addressing his efforts to what he thought were likely liberal and conservative audiences.
Despite his many and varied scholarly and public activities, teaching was the center of his concern. He influenced and inspired students at Berkeley, graduates and undergraduates alike, over four decades. Of the many tributes from students, we have selected excerpts from two. From a former undergraduate: “The December California Monthly just caught up with me here in Turkey. I was anguished to see that my mentor and friend, Professor Paul Seabury, passed away in October. He was my senior thesis monitor and guiding light during my last two years at Cal.” From a former graduate student: “If I had to use a word to capture what Paul meant to me as a teacher, mentor, and friend, it would be `generosity.' Paul was always generous with his time and attention, with his guidance and his suggestions, with his political wit and ideological sarcasm, and with his friendship and hospitality. He provided me with invaluable
Paul Seabury's was a principled life led with vigor. His career was marked by civility, something he offered friend and foe. As a citizen and colleague he will be missed. Saying goodbye in the hospital a few days before his death, two of his colleagues expected his recovery and his return to teaching, so strong was Paul's handshake. They learned all too soon that they had been saying farewell. He leaves those who knew him enriched from the knowing.
Guy Sircello, Philosophy: Irvine
| 1936-1992 | |
| Professor |
Professor Guy Sircello, leader in the field of aesthetics and longtime champion of undergraduate education, died in August, 1992, of complications of AIDS at the age of 55. Sircello had been a valued member of the Philosophy Department and an influential member of the university community at UC Irvine since joining the faculty in 1966.
Professor Sircello received his doctorate in 1965 from Columbia University. Beginning with Mind and Art (1972), which won the Matchette Prize, he developed his important views on beauty in art and nature in A New Theory of Beauty (1975) and Love and Beauty (1989). The elegance, clarity, and precision of his writing, as well as the originality and depth of his positions, made his work a model of analytic aesthetics. He was an active member of the American Society for Aesthetics, serving on its Program Committee in 1975, 1976 (as chair), and 1977; as president of its Pacific Division in 1978-79; as a trustee from 1981-84; and delivering numerous papers and commentaries at its various meetings, including a recent symposium on Love and Beauty.
After a brief stint at Reed College, Sircello became a founding member of the UC Irvine Department of Philosophy. From the beginning, he took an ardent interest in the quality of undergraduate education across the campus, serving as Associate Dean of Undergraduate Studies (1973-77), Dean of Undergraduate Studies (1978-83), and Chair of the Committee on Educational Policy (1988-1989). Much of the structure of the undergraduate program at Irvine, from the breadth requirements to the honors program, arose from Sircello's efforts. He was also active in the development and planning of the extremely successful Humanities Core Course, which brings together
But undergraduate education was not his only teaching interest; he also served as the Philosophy Department's Director of Graduate Studies from 1990 until the time of his death. In that capacity, he developed and implemented a teaching seminar for new teaching assistants, and oversaw a complete review of the structure of the graduate program. Among graduate students, he was widely praised for his compassionate and helpful guidance. His good humor and dignity made him an irreplaceable role model for gay and lesbian students at all levels.
Sircello remained active in teaching, research and administration through the end of the academic year 1991-92, becoming ill only early in the following summer. His friends and colleagues were stunned and deeply saddened by the speed of his decline. His approach to controversies, be they philosophical or administrative, was always fresh, insightful, and even-handed; all who knew him enjoyed the wit and clarity with which he expressed himself. He will be sorely missed. A Guy Sircello Memorial Fund has been established at the Department of Philosophy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717.
Sidney Richard Snow, Genetics: Davis
| 1929-1992 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Sidney Richard Snow, Professor Emeritus of genetics, an authority on plant cytogenetics and the application of molecular genetics on the improvement of wine yeasts, died of an AIDS-related illness on February 11, 1992, in Davis. Dick Snow had been a member of the faculty of the Genetics Department at the University of California, Davis, for 32 years at the time of his retirement in 1989.
Dick Snow was born June 22, 1929, and raised in Los Angeles. He showed an early interest in the natural history of the diverse flora of the region. After receiving his B.A. degree at UCLA in 1954, he continued his studies there and earned his Ph.D. in botany in 1957. His initial scientific studies examined chromosomal differentiation within a number of Californian wildflower species including Clarkia dudleyana and C. amoena, Datura meteloides and Paeonia californica. His research documented that populations of these species could be distinguished by differences in the structural organization of their chromosomes and led to increased understanding of their evolution and mechanisms of speciation.
During this period, he devised an improved method to visualize plant chromosomes at meiosis which became widely used by systematic botanists. His interest in simplifying how research was conducted and making scientific techniques accessible and useful continued in his later research as well as in his teaching and administrative duties.
Following a sabbatical leave in 1965/66 at The John Innes Institute in England, a noted center of horticultural research, Snow changed the subject of his scientific studies to the analysis of induced mutations in yeast. His experiments with the antibiotic nystatin, to help select mutants from among nonmutated wildtype colonies following mutagenesis, proved a convenient means of isolating a wide
During much of his career, Snow was deeply involved in undergraduate teaching and university administration. When student enrollment in the introductory genetics courses greatly increased in the early 1970s, Snow, together with several colleagues, developed a teaching program that utilized videotaped lectures by faculty as well as self-graded quizzes and televised review sessions. The TV lectures, presented on desktop screens in a specially designed classroom, permitted students to progress at their own self-determined pace, but they were discontinued because of the difficulty of revising them to keep up with the remarkable advances in genetics.
In 1969, Snow chaired an intercollege ad hoc committee that recommended the establishment of a Division of Biological Sciences with faculty initially composed of the members of the six basic biology departments within the College of Letters and Sciences and the College of Agricultural and Environmental Science. The proposal was accepted and Snow was appointed the first Associate Dean of Biological Sciences. In this position, he was responsible for planning and making more effective use of the teaching programs in basic biology which had one of the largest student enrollments on the campus. Full implementation of an independent Division with its own Dean was not to occur until 1993. Snow's service as Associate Dean was from 1970 to 1975. His administrative talents were well regarded and he later served as Genetics Department Chair from 1979 to 1984.
Snow had a number of interests and hobbies. He was an excellent photographer in both black and white and color and many of his large-format pictures graced his office walls. He enjoyed restoring
His most enduring avocation was growing, hybridizing and displaying orchids in greenhouses, designed and built by him in his backyard in Davis. The greenhouses were a delight for everyone who visited. Since high school days, Snow had been fascinated by orchids and he understood clearly the practical aspects of their growth. He knew that orchid seeds were extremely difficult for the layman to germinate, so he developed several simple methods that permitted those without access to laboratory facilities to germinate them and grow orchid seedlings at home. The methods which involve the use of hydrogen peroxide to sterilize the seeds and growth media were published in the American Orchid Society Bulletin and became useful to many enthusiasts. He was an active member of the Sacramento Orchid Society and served as its president in 1986.
Dick Snow is remembered for his charm, grace and ready wit and his kindness and ability to share and nurture. He used his scientific skills in many contexts greatly benefiting students, professional colleagues and orchid hobbyists. He is survived by his companion of 18 years, Warren G. Roberts, and his brother, Donald R. Snow, a professor of mathematics at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah. His many friends have been wonderfully enriched by knowing him and deeply miss him.
Robert Kilburn Spaulding, Spanish and Portuguese: Berkeley
| 1898-1992 | |
| Professor of Spanish, Emeritus |
Robert Kilburn Spaulding, Professor Emeritus of Spanish, Berkeley, died on February 12, 1992, one month and one day after his ninety-fourth birthday. He was born in Lower Lake, in Lake County, California. At a time when the University's biography form asked faculty to explain their “Ancestry and family” (startling at first, but perhaps not that different from the ethnic self-identification requested today), he wrote: “My parents were born in America, as were theirs and so on for at least ten generations back. Both sides of the family came originally from England.” Lake Spaulding, in Nevada County, seems to have been named for a member of his father's family. His mother was active in the development of the town of Walnut Creek, in Contra Costa County.
Spaulding graduated from the University's Berkeley campus in 1920 and went on to earn the degree of M.A. in 1921 and that of Ph.D. in Spanish in 1925. While a graduate student he taught in what was then the Department of Spanish, first as an Assistant, then as an Associate, in Spanish. Upon his receiving the doctorate the department offered him an instructorship, but he chose instead to go to the University of Michigan, where he spent two years as Assistant Professor of Spanish, the rank at which he returned to Berkeley in 1927. “Up or out” had not yet been invented, and Spaulding's career progressed slowly. In 1940 he was promoted to the associate professorship, and in 1949 to the professorship. He regularly taught a graduate course in Old Spanish, along with advanced composition and a variety of other subjects. Spaulding was acting chairman of the Department of Spanish and, by then, Portuguese in the fall term of 1949, and its chairman from 1953 to 1956. Over the years he served the Department in many other ways, notably as major adviser and
Spaulding is best known to teachers and scholars in the Hispanic field for his revision of Marathon Montrose Ramsey's A Textbook of Modern Spanish. The revision appeared in 1956 and instantly became the standard reference work in English on Spanish grammar, so much so that the phrase “Ramsey-Spaulding” is immediately understood to refer to this work without any further identification. It is indeed a model of coherent organization and clear exposition, and takes a well-deserved place alongside the greatest reference grammars of Spanish in any language.
His 1943 textbook on the history of the Spanish language, How Spanish Grew, was for many years the most convenient and accessible introduction to the subject in English. Though by now somewhat dated, it remains a work that the lay reader can consult with pleasure and profit, whereas the other manuals in the field presuppose considerable prior training.
Spaulding's other writings are concerned with the historical development of Spanish and the description of the modern language. They range across phonology, morphology, and syntax; the most notable is his monograph on The Syntax of the Spanish Verb, published in 1931. His dissertation on “History and Syntax of the Progressive Constructions in Spanish” was published by the University of California Press in 1926. He also devoted considerable time to the preparation of editions of Golden Age and more recent literary works for use in advanced language classes.
Though somewhat overshadowed by his masterpiece, “Ramsey-Spaulding,” his other contributions to the study of Spanish constitute a valuable source for scholars working today; his chief virtues are pertinence, precision, and concision, all, particularly the last, worthy of imitation in today's climate of ecdotomania.
As a young man Spaulding traveled briefly in Spain and in Latin America, but subsequently neither research nor pleasure led him far from California. After his retirement on July 1, 1956, he continued for some years to live in his Oakland home; he was recalled to duty for the fall term of 1959, and then moved to live near the family of his brother in Quincy, California. Upon the death of this brother he entered a retirement home in Sacramento, where, except for his final days, he spent the remainder of his life.
Robert K. Spaulding is by now remembered by only one active member of his department; to the rest, and to its students, he is at
Roger Yate Stanier, Bacteriology: Berkeley
| 1916-1982 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Roger Stanier, one of the foremost general microbiologists of his generation, died of cancer in Paris on January 29, 1982. He was a leader of the younger faculty group who fought successfully to establish biology as a unified discipline on the Berkeley campus in the 1950s and 1960s.
Born of British immigrant parents in Victoria, British Columbia, in 1916, Stanier retained his Canadian nationality, despite living in the United States and France for most of his life. In 1936, he graduated with first class honors in bacteriology from the University of British Columbia.
Just before starting graduate studies at UCLA in 1938, Stanier took the microbiology summer course taught by C.B. van Niel at Hopkins Marine Station at Pacific Grove. This turned out to be the watershed experience that made him choose general microbiology as his domain of research and van Niel as his life-long master and mentor. After receiving the M.A. in bacteriology from UCLA in 1939, he returned to Pacific Grove to work under van Niel's direction on his Ph.D. dissertation, which he completed in 1942. He then returned to Canada to take part in the development of the large-scale industrial production of penicillin, at that time of great importance for the Allied war effort. After the war, he spent a year at Cambridge University as a Guggenheim fellow, and in 1947 he joined the faculty of the UCB Department of Bacteriology.
His next 24 years in Berkeley encompassed the period of his greatest scientific productivity. As a researcher, Stanier made innumerable fundamental contributions to our understanding of microbes, especially as regards the taxonomy, metabolism, physiology, and structure of bacteria, as well as their place in organic evolution as a third
Disillusioned with the changes that the events of the late 1960s had brought to his beloved Berkeley campus, Stanier chose early retirement from the University of California. In 1971, at the age of 55, he moved to Paris, where he worked at the Institut Pasteur for the last 10 years of his life.
In 1956, Stanier married Germaine Cohen-Bazire, herself an outstanding microbiologist, whom he had met at the Institut Pasteur while spending part of a sabbatical leave in Paris. She became his collaborator in the laboratory. They have a daughter, Jane, who is a painter.
Stanier's achievements have been recognized by the bestowal of many honors, including election as a Fellow of the Royal Society of London and as a Foreign Member of the US National Academy of Sciences, the French Academy of Sciences and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, which also presented him with its Leeuwenhoek Medal. For his contributions to French science, he was commissioned in the Légion d'Honneur.
In setting high standards of scientific competence and conduct Roger Stanier did not play the kindly, well-beloved professor. He did not suffer fools gladly, and many colleagues and students considered him aloof and forbidding. But in those who knew him well, he inspired loyalty and affection. He will always be remembered as a man of high culture and outstanding scientific attainments.
William H. Tooley, Pediatrics: San Francisco
| 1925-1992 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
William H. Tooley was born in Berkeley, California, on November 13, 1925, and he died on June 17, 1992, at his home in San Francisco after a long illness.
Tooley made important contributions to our understanding of the respiratory and circulatory adjustments that occur when the newborn infant leaves the protection and support of the uterus and confronts the outside environment for the first time. He played a major role in translating that new knowledge into improved care for the newborn, especially premature, infant. He was one of the founders of the discipline of neonatology and newborn intensive care, and he trained many of the present day leaders in this specialty.
Tooley graduated from Berkeley High School and attended Carroll College in Montana under the V-12 program of the U.S. Navy. He received his M.D. degree from the University of California School of Medicine in San Francisco and served his residencies at that school and at Bellevue Hospital, New York University. In 1958, after two years in the private practice of pediatrics in Berkeley, he joined the Cardiovascular Research Institute at the University of California San Francisco for research fellowship. Within a few years he was appointed to the staff of the Institute and the Pediatrics faculty at UCSF, and he quickly moved up through the ranks to become a senior member of the CVRI and professor and chief of nurseries (later the Division of Neonatology) in the Department of Pediatrics. In the interval between internship and residency, he performed his military service in the U.S. Navy, as Senior Medical Officer, Antisubmarine Forces, Pacific Fleet. He subsequently served in the navy Reserve for many years. All though his life he maintained an active interest in naval affairs.
As a neonatologist, Tooley was especially concerned with respiratory function in the newborn, and his interest was eclectic. His early work was directed at neural and chemoreflex control of breathing and demonstrated the inflation reflex of Head and the paradoxical ventilatory response to hypoxia in the human newborn. In a later series of papers, he and several collaborators produced evidence of the effects on ventilation of carbon dioxide, oxygen, endorphins, and prostaglandins. These articles spanned nearly his entire research career.
A great deal of his investigative effort was directed towards lung mechanics and the role of pulmonary surfactant. This included disorders of the lungs, especially respiratory distress syndrome. In the early days of the Cardiovascular Research Institute most of the research fellows were instructed in methods of assessing pulmonary and cardiovascular functions. Tooley set up experimental models of respiratory distress syndrome in animals and described their functional deficits using these methods. These studies provided some of the earliest demonstrations of the relationship between poor blood flow to the lungs and surfactant dysfunction.
Just a few years later Tooley led an expedition to the Kandang Kerbau Maternity Hospital in Singapore which had the world's largest delivery service--over 40,000 a year. There were many babies there with respiratory distress syndrome and the mortality rate was 90%. Tooley and his colleagues thought they could finish a study of surfactant treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in a few months there that would take years at UCSF. They made many kinds of physiological and biochemical measurements with methods like the ones Tooley had used in his animal experiments. It is difficult today to appreciate how daring this was. In 1964, respiratory distress syndrome consisted of giving oxygen and leaving the infants alone. Any interference seemed to make them worse. Many pediatricians would have shuddered at the invasiveness of the methods that were used. But as it turned out, the surfactant therapy was not very successful, and the measurements gave the most valuable information that the group obtained. The 1967 paper reporting these findings was hailed as a milestone in the study of respiratory distress syndrome.
Tooley came home from this expedition with the determination to extend the physiological monitoring of sick infants. His resolve became the main impetus for the development of intensive care for prematures at UCSF and influenced many other medical centers. It was a development of the greatest importance, widely acknowledged to be responsible for major decreases in infant mortality worldwide in the ensuing years. Once the interventionist philosophy was established,
Exciting as these developments were, they did not distract Tooley from fundamental investigations of respiratory and cardiovascular functions. Woven throughout the whole pattern of his scholarly work is a continuous thread of basic research on subjects such as lung mechanics, respiratory reflexes, fetal lung development, transcutaneous blood gas analysis, regulation of airway tone, and brainstem evoked potentials in newborns. He and his coworkers wrote over 100 scientific articles together.
Tooley received many honors for his work, including the E. Mead Johnson Award of the American Academy of Pediatrics for Research in Pediatrics and the Apgar Award of the Academy of Pediatrics for Distinguished Contributions to Neonatology. He was active in many scientific societies as a councilor and committee member and served as president of the Perinatal Research Society. He was instrumental in setting standards for newborn care and for certification of specialists in pediatric lung diseases and in neonatology. Perennially in demand as a speaker, he gave eloquent lectures for audiences in many countries that applied the latest concepts of physiology to the management of sick infants. These lectures extended his influence world-wide.
In sum, William Tooley was a physician and scholar of exceptional gifts. Throughout his career he made vital contributions both to clinical care of infants and to the fundamental knowledge on which that care is based. He had no peer in his indefatigable weaving together of the theory and practice of newborn care.
Recital of his achievement, impressive as they are, does not do justice to the man. He was a tower, literally, of strength to his colleagues, who treasure special memories of him. Tooley touched them in so many ways--by his warmth and generosity; by his
Tooley is survived by his brother, Commander John H. Tooley of Sunnyvale, California; a nephew, Michael R. Tooley of Anchorage, Alaska; a niece, Sharon T. O'Neill of San Jose, California; and by his longtime colleague and companion, Mureen Schlueter.
Gregory Vlastos, Philosophy: Berkeley
| 1907-1991 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Gregory Vlastos died of cancer on October 12, 1991, at the age of 84. When he died he held a McArthur Fellowship; he was the oldest scholar ever to receive this recognition. Though a scrupulously modest man, he admitted to friends that the award was not only welcome, but appropriate in one sense: he felt he had never done as good work as he was doing in his eighties. His splendid book, Socrates: Ironist and Moral Philosopher, published shortly before his death, proves he was right.
Vlastos was born in Istanbul on July 27th, 1907. His mother was Scottish, his father Greek. After receiving a BA from Robert College in Istanbul, he moved to the United States, earning a Ph.D. in philosophy at Harvard in 1931. His first teaching job was at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. He joined the excellent philosophy department at Cornell in 1948, and then moved to Princeton as Stuart Professor of Philosophy, where he taught from 1955 to 1976. He was busy in retirement, serving as Mills Professor of Philosophy at Berkeley from 1976 to 1987, with a break as Distinguished Professorial Fellow at Christ's College, Cambridge University, in 1983-84; Cambridge also awarded him one of the several honorary doctorates he received. As an octogenarian, he accepted three prestigious lectureships: he gave the Gifford Lectures at the University of St. Andrews, the British Academy Lecture on Socrates in the Master Mind series, and the Townsend Lectures at Cornell. He was twice awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship, was a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy, and a member of the American Philosophical Society.
He did much to promote the welfare of other members of his profession. He was instrumental in obtaining a lasting source of financial
Vlastos' written output was generous, especially considering the tremendous care he took to uncover and weight relevant evidence, the sympathy and insight he bestowed on the views of others, particularly those with whom he disagreed, and the attention he paid to precision and elegance of expression. Much of his published work is on Plato: there are his books, Plato's Universe (1975), and Platonic Studies (1973), which brings together a number of his important articles on Plato. He also edited two valuable collections of critical essays on Plato, Plato I on metaphysics and epistemology and Plato II (1978) on ethics, politics and philosophy of art and religion. In 1971 he edited a collection of essays, The Philosophy of Socrates; the introduction foreshadows many of the themes of the later book on Socrates. A number of Vlastos' articles instigated extended research by others; many of these are classics in the field.
In the introduction to Plato I, Vlastos writes,
The last three decades have witnessed a renaissance of interest in Plato among philosophers throughout the world...Plato is being studied and argued over with greater vigor than ever...Much of this new zeal for platonic studies has been generated by the importation of techniques of logical and semantic analysis that have proved productive in contemporary philosophy. By means of these techniques we may now better understand some of the problems Plato attempted to solve...The result has been a more vivid sense of the relevance of his thought to the concerns of present-day ontologists, epistemologists, and moralists. He has become for us less of an antique monument and more of a living presence.
Aside from a key omission, it would be hard to give a better description of the astonishing change that has taken place in the study, not only of Plato, but of ancient Greek philosophy generally, in the past half century. What Vlastos failed to mention was that he, more than
He was a superb teacher. He made little attempt to indenture his students to his ideas, but his influence was vast. Generations of students went on to develop his views, but even more, his methods and his attitudes. It is characteristic that he dedicated his last book to “colleagues and students whose partnership has shaped my search.” Partnership in the enterprise of philosophic investigation was indeed what he offered his students, and this was the key to his success as a teacher. Not only was he genuinely open to criticism from his students; real pleasure would show in his face when a student came up with a well-judged criticism of something he had said or written. It was for just such a benefit, his reaction seemed to say, that he had put his work into circulation. He submitted his students' work to the same honest and careful scrutiny that he expected from them, and as a result his criticism could sometimes be unsparing. Yet they would take it from him with good grace because they recognized that this was the conduct expected of partners.
His study of Plato gradually led him to the view that in Plato's dialogue we find two philosophies: that of Socrates, and, gradually diverging from this, Plato's own doctrines. He sympathized with the assumptions that sustained Socrates' confidence that the elenctic method would lead not only to a consistent set of beliefs and evaluative attitudes but also to correct judgments. He saw Socrates as more concerned with the question how to live than with the ontological and epistemological worries that obsessed Plato.
Those who were fortunate enough to know Gregory Vlastos could not resist comparing him with Socrates, though he would certainly have resisted the comparison. He shared with Socrates the unshakable concern with the question how one should conduct one's life, and whatever conclusions he reached in this matter he applied first of all to himself. He treasured his relations with his students, his colleagues,
My wife died suddenly while this book was in press. I dedicate my essay to her memory. I do so because of what our love meant to my work. The best insight in this essay--that Socrates' ultimate failure is a failure of love--grew out of what I learned about love from her.
This unabashed declaration epitomizes Gregory's work and his life. He loved, and he was greatly loved.
Shyh Wang, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science: Berkeley
| 1925-1992 | |
| Professor Emeritus |
Shyh Wang, after 34 years of distinguished service to the University, died of cancer on March 18, 1992. He was born in Wuhsi, Kiansu Province, China, June 15, 1925, and obtained his undergraduate education at Chiaotung University in Shanghai. In 1947 he came to this country and received the M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in applied physics from Harvard University in 1949 and 1951, respectively. He then worked at Harvard as a postdoctoral fellow with Professor N. Bloembergen, studying high-power and nonlinear effects in paramagnetic and ferromagnetic resonances. That work explained the role of spin waves in the presaturation of magnetization and thus opened up the use of spin waves in microwave devices.
From 1953 to 1958 Shyh investigated surface effects in semiconductors and their importance to semiconductor devices, at Sylvania Electric Products, now part of GTE. His study of field effects on photoconductivity was one of the first experiments showing the importance of ambient conditions on semiconductor surface states. He came to Berkeley in 1958, at first continuing his work on surface states, but then branching out into a variety of solid-state problems. There was important work on paramagnetic lasers, thermoelectric energy conversion, amorphous semiconductors, and a large body of work on guided-wave effects in thin-film gyrotropic media. His work with graduate students in this subject, and the resulting papers, constitute the classic work in this field.
Following the announcement of the semiconductor laser, Shyh's work concentrated on these lasers, and the related guided-wave optoelectronic devices used with such lasers. His many pioneering works in these fields have had an important impact on optoelectronics throughout the world. His early analysis of laser action in periodic systems affected the design of the distributed-feedback and distributed-Braggreflector
Shyh received international recognition for his outstanding work. He was awarded a John Simon Guggenheim Foundation Memorial Fellowship for the academic year 1965-66, during which he was a visiting professor at the Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Bern, Switzerland. During the academic year of 1972-73, he was a visiting scientist at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center at Yorktown Heights, New York. He was invited by the Electrotechnical Laboratory (under MITI) of Japan as the first visiting foreign scientist at the Ibaraki Laboratory during December 1981, and by the University of Tokyo as a visiting professor on Centennial Foundation for Promotion of Scientific and Cultural Exchange during July and August, 1984. He was invited by the Academy of Sciences of U.S.S.R. as a guest scientist at Ioffe University of China in May 1985. He was named a fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, and a fellow of the Optical Society of America.
Shyh Wang was also a dedicated teacher. His many former graduate students have become leaders in semiconductor laser research and development and other aspects of optoelectronics, in major industrial laboratories and universities throughout the world. He was actually supervising nine doctoral students at the time of his death. These and former students emphasize the care and detail with which he followed their work, and especially the delight he expressed at their new ideas and the encouragement he gave in following them up. His two graduate-level texts on “Solid State Electronics” and “Fundamentals of Semi-conductor Theory and Device Physics” and his courses, showed his deep knowledge of the subject, and his care in its exposition.
Shyh Wang is survived by his wife, Dila, and by two sisters and four brothers in China. He is sorely missed by his family and by colleagues and students, who remembered him as a warm, gentle, and helpful friend.
Allen Whitaker, Optometry: Berkeley
| 1927-1990 | |
| Assistant Clinical Professor |
Frank Allen Whitaker died of cancer on August 15, 1990 at the age of 63. He will long be remembered by his students and colleagues at the School of Optometry as a consummate diagnostician of visual system disorders. In an era of increasing specialization, Whitaker epitomized the primary-care generalist. He practiced the highest form of the healing art of optometry, expertly applying the knowledge and theory of the rapidly developing field of vision science.
Whitaker was born in Visalia, California, on June 20, 1927, into a long line of Californians. After graduating from the School of Optometry in 1952, he became a licensed optometrist. Shortly thereafter, he accepted a commission in the U.S. Army Medical Service Corps as a 2nd lieutenant. Allen met and married Georgia Kornich in Sacramento in 1951. After he had completed a tour of duty at Fort Lee, Virginia, honing his diagnostic skills, they returned to California to open a practice in Rio Vista. During that time, their daughter Paula and son Brad were born.
In 1960, the family moved to Hayward where Allen practiced for 31 years. In addition to establishing a premier practice, he made many contributions to community and social organizations. He was a creative social chairman for his college fraternity, Kappa Delta Rho, and he brought the same innovative spirit to Hayward's South Rotary Club and the 20-30 Club.
Whitaker had a long history of sharing his highly respected clinical skills with the academic community. Prior to his appointment to the UC School of Optometry clinical faculty in 1981, he served as a care provider to the Student Health Center at California State University, Hayward. During his tenure at Berkeley, his reputation as a gifted visual system diagnostician and clinician became firmly established.
Courtesy of University Archives, The Bancroft Library, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-6000; http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/info
http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb7c6007sj&brand=oac4
Title: 1992, University of California: In Memoriam
By: University of California (System) Academic Senate, Author
Date: 1992
Contributing Institution: University Archives, The Bancroft Library, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-6000; http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/info
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