Background
Edward Otho Cresap Ord, born in Cumberland, Maryland in 1818, descended from a family of military forebears. His mathematical
ability early won for him an appointment to West Point, from which he graduated in 1839. For his first assignment, with the
third artillery, he fought the Seminole Indians in Florida in 1840. In 1847 he was sent around the Horn to California, where
he aided in maintaining order in Monterey, was made a captain in 1850, and in 1854 married Mary Mercer Thompson. From 1850
he participated in the coast survey, working mainly in the vicinity of San Pedro, California. He led a successful campaign
against the Rogue River Indians of Oregon in 1856, and later against the Spokane Indians of Washington.
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