This collection comprises documents relating to the emigration of a German Jew, Jenny Kamnitzer, from Nazi Germany to Shanghai, China in 1940, and her subsequent emigration to the United States in 1947.

The collection documents the experience of German and Austrian Jews forced to flee from Germany and Austria during Hitler’s Third Reich. Denied admittance to most countries, thousands of German and Austrian Jews found their way to Shanghai, where visas and passports were not required until the Japanese occupation. After 1941, the occupying Nazi-aligned Japanese ghettoized the Jewish refugees in Shanghai into an area known as the Shanghai Ghetto.

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