Frank Back Papers
Special Collections & Archives, UC San Diego
Special Collections & Archives, UC San Diego
Copyright 2005
9500 Gilman Drive
La Jolla 92093-0175
spcoll@ucsd.edu
Descriptive Summary
Languages:
English
Contributing Institution:
Special Collections & Archives, UC San Diego
9500 Gilman Drive
La Jolla 92093-0175
Title: Frank Back Papers
Identifier/Call Number: MSS 0568
Physical Description:
6 Linear feet
(5 archives boxes, 2 card file boxes and 20 oversize folders)
Date (inclusive): 1899-1983
Abstract: Papers of Frank Back, optical engineer and founder and president of Zoomar Inc., an optical engineering company specializing
in lens design for television, motion picture and single-lens reflex cameras. Materials include biographical documents, reprints
and typescript drafts of Back's professional writings, patent applications, correspondence, miscellaneous Zoomar records and
memorabilia, and documents related to Back's brother-in-law, Herbert Lowen.
Scope and Content of Collection
The Frank Back Papers contain materials related to the professional career of the Austrian-born optical engineer and founder
and president of Zoomar Inc. who contributed to the advancement of optical technologies in television, motion pictures, medicine,
commerical, and military applications from 1945 to the late 1970s in the United States. While the collection contains little
documentation of Back's development of optically-compensated zoom lenses, materials related to his professional career include
reprints and typescript drafts of his published writings;patent applications; writings by others on optical engineering; miscellaneous
Zoomar records; and memorabilia describing or advertising Zoomar products. Also included are biographical materials from Back's
early life and education in Austria and his immigration to the United States via France in 1939; correspondence; biographical
materials of Back's brother-in-law, Herbert Lowen; and photographs of Back, Zoomar facilities and products, and Back's meeting
with Albert Einstein in 1955. The papers are arranged in nine series: 1) BIOGRAPHICAL MATERIALS, 2) WRITINGS BY BACK, 3) WRITINGS
BY OTHERS, 4) CORRESPONDENCE, 5) ZOOMAR MATERIALS, 6) PHOTOGRAPHS, 7) MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS, 8) HERBERT LOWEN MATERIALS,
and 9) ORIGINALS OF PRESERVATION PHOTOCOPIES.
SERIES 1: BIOGRAPHICAL MATERIALS
The BIOGRAPHICAL MATERIALS series, arranged alphabetically, consists mainly of official records, governmental or institutional
certificates, documenting significant moments in Back's life such as his birth, secondary and university education, membership
to various professional societies, and his immigration to the United States from Austria in 1939.
SERIES 2: WRITINGS BY BACK
The WRITINGS BY BACK series is arranged in two subseries: A) Articles and Papers and B) Patents.
A) The Articles and Papers subseries, arranged chronologically, contains mostly typescript drafts and reprints of articles
that Back published in professional journals in the United States and abroad from 1930 to 1980. Also included are several
undated documents Back wrote to describe or promote Zoomar products.
B) The Patents subseries, arranged chronologically, contains documents relating to four of Back's numerous patents. Materials
include typescript drafts of patent applications and United States Patent Office certificate for Back's "Photographic Camera
and Projection Device."
SERIES 3: WRITINGS BY OTHERS
The WRITINGS BY OTHERS series, arranged alphabetically, contains articles on optical engineering collected by Back. Materials
include reprints from professional and scholarly journals, many with Back's annotations.
SERIES 4: CORRESPONDENCE
The CORRESPONDENCE series, arranged alphabetically, contains a mixture of English and German personal and professional correspondence
from the 1930s to the early 1980s. Notably, the series contains a photograph of a letter to Back from Albert Einstein.
SERIES 5: ZOOMAR MATERIALS
The ZOOMAR MATERIALS series is organized into two subseries: A) Business Documents and B) Product Information.
A) The Business Documents subseries, arranged alphabetically, contains memorabilia and materials documenting important moments
in the life of Zoomar Inc. Materials document both the inception and dissolution of Zoomar and include Back's Agreement of
Partnership for the Television Zoomar Corporations with Jack Pegler and Westbrook Pegler II in 1959 and a certificate of Back's
sale of his share of Zoomar stock to Optical Industries in 1979. Other materials include an award from the City of Glen Cove,
New York, newspaper clippings related to Zoomar Inc., and administrative materials such as inter-office correspondence and
employment agreements.
B) The Product Information subseries, arranged alphabetically, contains product pamphlets on individuals lenses, as well
as some blueprints of product designs and graphs of data on product capabilities and specifications.
SERIES 6: PHOTOGRAPHS
The PHOTOGRAPHS series is arranged in three subseries: A) Images of Back, B) Zoomar, and C) Miscellaneous.
A) The Images of Back subseries, arranged alphabetically, contains photographs which show Back either alone or with others.
Included are photographs of Back at conferences and a biographical scrapbook created by Back. Notably, this subseries contains
a large number of images of Back with Albert Einstein at Einstein's residence in Princeton, New Jersey.
B) The Zoomar subseries, arranged alphabetically, contains photographs of the interiors and exteriors of factories in Glen
Cove, New York, and in Germany, as well as some photographs of Zoomar products.
C) The Miscellaneous subseries, arranged alphabetically, contains a mixture of photographs of presumed family members, unidentified
individuals or places, and a scrapbook of photographs and newspaper clippings related to Back's expedition to the Philippines.
SERIES 7: MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS
The MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS series, arranged alphabetically, Includes research and employment materials not related to Zoomar,
such as blueprints for an "episcop project" and "epiprojector" that Back developed after retiring from Zoomar, miscellaneous
calculations and data, advertisements for products manufactured by Back while he was in Austria, and a box of microdot optic
lenses. Also included are income tax returns for Back, newspaper clippings about Albert Einstein, unsent postcards, and two
biographical documents related to Elizabeth Lowen, Back's sister.
SERIES 8: HERBERT LOWEN MATERIALS
The HERBERT LOWEN MATERIALS series is arranged alphabetically and contains biographical materials of Back's brother-in-law,
Herbert Lowen, including documentation of birth, education, immigration to the United States, correspondence, and a copy of
Lowen's death certificate.
SERIES 9: ORIGINALS OF PRESERVATION PHOTOCOPIES
The ORIGINALS OF PRESERVATION PHOTOCOPIES series contains the originals of brittle or high acid content documents that have
been photocopied.
Biography
Frank Gerhard Back was born in Vienna, Austria, on August 25, 1902. Upon completion of his secondary schooling in 1920, Back
matriculated at the Technische Hochschule (Technical University) in Vienna, where he received his masters in engineering in
1925 and a doctorate in science in 1931. He worked as a self-employed consulting engineer in Vienna until September of 1938
when he moved to France. Back remained in France for less than a year and during the summer of 1939, he immigrated to the
United States.
After working as an engineer for several companies in New York City, Back started his own company called Research and Development
Laboratory in 1944. A year later, Back started a second company, Zoomar Inc., and served as its president and head engineer
until his retirement in the late 1970s.
Throughout his life, Back invented several optical devices and improvements of existing optical technologies. He held numerous
patents in the United States, Canada, Germany, Austria, France, Britain, and Italy. At Zoomar he developed and patented an
optically-compensated zoom lens for television cameras in 1948 and one for single lens reflex (SLR) 35mm cameras in 1959.
From the late 1940s to the 1970s, Back and Zoomar Inc. continually advanced optical technologies and introduced optical innovations
for television and motion pictures, as well as astronomical, medical, commercial, and even military applications.
Back was also recognized for his expedition to the Philippines in 1955 to observe and photograph the solar eclipse on June
20th. He intended to provide conclusive evidence for Einstein's theory of relativity by calculating the optical distortation,
if any, of starlight caused by the sun's gravity. Prior to his trip, Back conferred briefly with Albert Einstein on the type
of data needed in order to prove the theory of relativity. He published a narrative report of his trip and his findings later
that year in a book entitled
Has the Earth A Ring Around It?
Over the course of his career, Dr. Back received numerous honors and awards from professional organizations in his field
including the Royal Photographic Society, the Society for Motion Picture and Television Engineers, and the Society of American
Military Engineers. In addition, Back lectured frequently at professional conferences and published regularly in professional
journals in the United States and abroad.
Frank Back died in San Diego, California, on July 6, 1983.
Preferred Citation
Frank Back Papers, MSS 568. Special Collections & Archives, UC San Diego.
Acquisition Information
Acquired 2002.
OFF-SITE STORAGE
COLLECTION STORED OFF-SITE. ALLOW ONE WEEK FOR RETRIEVAL OF MATERIALS.
Subjects and Indexing Terms
Optical instruments -- Design and Construction
Lenses -- Design and Construction
Zoom lenses -- Design and Construction
Optical industry
Back, Frank G. -- Archives
Zoomar, Inc
Lowen, Herbert
Einstein, Albert, 1879-1955
Box 2, Folder 1, Oversize FB-352-01
Awards - Voigtlander Medal letter and photograph
1960
Box 2, Folder 2
Birth certificate
1904
General note
[Back was born in 1902, but his birth certificate was not issued until 1904.]
Certificates of membership
Box 2, Folder 3
Photographic Society of America and Optical Society of America
1937 - 1967
Box 2, Folder 4, Oversize FB-352-02
Photographic Society of America, Society of Motion Picture Engineers, The Royal Photographic Society, Society of American
Military Engineers, Society of Photographic Scientists and Engineers, Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers,
and Who's Who in California
1944 - 1961
Box 2, Folder 5
Certificate of Legitimation
1936
General note
[Document indicates Back as cameraman for the Unifilm Company.]
Box 2, Folder 7, Oversize FB-352-03
Doctoral diploma from Technische Hochschule zu Wien
1931
Box 2, Folder 8
Realschule - Annual certificates, semester certificates and 1920 class photo with image of Back at age eighteen
1912 - 1920
Box 2, Folder 9
Technische Hochschule zu Wien - Course certificates, semester certificates and other documents relating to his university
degrees
1920 - 1931
Box 2, Folder 10
Identity card for Commercial Travellers, Austria
1933
Box 2, Folder 11
Letters of recommendation about Back
1924 - 1943
Box 2, Folder 12
Newspaper clippings about Back
1949 - 1979
Box 2, Folder 13
Passports - United States
1950 - 1976
Box 2, Folder 14
Travel documents - Itemized lists, certificate of domicile, and travel certificates
1938 - 1939
Box 2, Folder 15
Die Physikalisch-Technischen Grundlagen der Mageninnen Photographie - Reprint
1930
Box 2, Folder 16
Back, Frank and Otto Ehrentheil. Ein Neuer Kehlkopf-Photographie-Apparat - Reprint
1932
Box 2, Folder 17
Back, Frank et. al. Wiener Laryngo=Rhinologische Gesellschaft - Reprint
1934
Box 2, Folder 18
Back, Frank and F. Ehrenhaft. Non-Intermittent Motion Picture Projector - Reprint
1940
Box 2, Folder 19
Positive Vari-Focal View-Finder for Motion Picture Cameras - Reprint
1945
Box 2, Folder 20
Nonintermittent Motion Picture Projector with Variable Magnification - Reprint
1946
Box 2, Folder 21
Zoom Lens for Motion Picture Cameras with Single-Barrel Linear Movement - Reprint
1946
Box 2, Folder 22
Zoomar Lens - Reprint
1947
Box 2, Folder 23
Physical Properties and the Practical Application of the Zoomar Lens - Reprint
1947
Box 2, Folder 24
Zoomar Lens for 35mm Film - Reprint
1948
Box 2, Folder 25
Approach to Better Studio Lighting - Reprint
1949
Box 2, Folder 26
TV Studio Illumination - Pamphlet
1949
General note
Date and authorship information found on curriculum vitae. See Box 2, Folder 5.
Box 2, Folder 27-28, Oversize FB-352-04
Optical Lens Development - Reprint and typescript
1950
Box 2, Folder 29
Basic Optical Requirements for a Good TV Broadcast - Typescript drafts
1950
Box 2, Folder 30
Lens Tester for Photographic Lenses - Reprint and typescript
1950
Box 2, Folder 31
Modern Requirements of Photographic Lenses - Reprint
1952
Box 2, Folder 32
How to Use the Video Analyzer - Reprint
1953
Box 2, Folder 33
New Approach to the Evaluation of the Performance of Photographic Lenses - Reprint
1953
Box 2, Folder 34
Large Range Variable Magnification Telescope - Reprint
1953
Box 2, Folder 35
Basic Theory of Varifocal Lenses with Linear Movement and Optical Compensation - Reprint
1954
Box 2, Folder 36
Varifocal Camera Lenses - Reprint
1954
Box 2, Folder 37
Performance Testing of Photographic Lenses - Reprint
1955
Box 2, Folder 38
Answer to N. J. Rumsey's "Note on a Suggested Method for Evaluating Image Sharpness" - Reprint
1955
Box 2, Folder 39
Has the Earth a Ring Around It?
1955
General note
See also Solar Eclipse Expedition Scrapbook, Box 5, Folder 7.
Box 2, Folder 40
Developments in Catadioptric Telephoto Systems - Reprint
1957
Box 2, Folder 41
Expert Previews Tomorrow's Lenses - Reprint
1957
Box 2, Folder 42
Back, Frank and Herbert Lowen. Generalized Theory of Zoomar Systems - Reprint
1958
Box 2, Folder 43
Zoom Lense for Closed-Circuit Television - Reprint
1958
Box 2, Folder 44
New Concepts in the Evaluation of Television Lenses - Reprint and photocopy of a paper presented at two different conferences
1962
Box 2, Folder 45
EinfluB eines zum Zwecke der Linienfrequenz-Anderung Eingebauten Zoom-Objektivs auf die MeBgenauigkeit im... - Reprint
1969
Box 2, Folder 46
Off-Axis MTF Measurements on Wide-Angle Lenses - Reprint of a paper presented at the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation
Engineers Seminar in Tokyo, Japan
1970
Box 2, Folder 47
Optical Design for the Visible Versus Infrared - Reprint and typescript of a lecture given at the Summer Conference on Infrared
Technology, University of Michigan
1975
Box 2, Folder 48
Design and Testing for Germanium Optics - Photocopy
1976
Box 2, Folder 49-50, Oversize FB-352-05
Zoom Lens, History and Present - Typescript with handwritten corrections
1980
Box 2, Folder 51
Lensless Lens Developed for TV - Typescript
Box 2, Folder 52
Novel Measuring Method for Optical Transfer Functions - Zoomar pamphlet
Box 2, Folder 53
Tool Room Girl - Typescript poem
Box 2, Folder 54
Untitled typescript related to television camera optical systems
Box 2, Folder 55
Process for the Photographic Recording of Sound - Typescript of patent application
1938
Box 2, Folder 56
Verfahren zur Photographischen Schallaufzeichnung, Insbesondere fur die Zwecke des Tonfilmes - Typescipt of patent application
with figures
1938
Box 3, Folder 1
Photographic Camera and Projection Device - Typescripts of patent application with figures and patent certificate from US
Patent Office
1965
Box 3, Folder 2
Varifocal Lens System and Actuating Mechanism - Reprint
1971
Box 3, Folder 3
Deutsch, Felix. Ein Registrier-Endes Druckmanometer zur Messung des PreBdrukes
1933
Box 3, Folder 4
Die Photographie als Wissenschaft und Technik
1957
Box 3, Folder 5
Karl Friedrich Bonhoeffer
1958
Box 3, Folder 6
The Present Status of Photographic Development in Theory and Practice
1958
Box 3, Folder 7
Radioaktive Konferenz in Zurich
1958
Box 3, Folder 8
Zur Spektralen Empfindlichkeit Photgraphischer Schichten
1959
Box 3, Folder 9
With A. Buchler. Wietere Versuche Uber Den Wiegert-Effekt. II
1956
Box 3, Folder 10
With and Heinrich Hopft. Uber Den Angriff von Polystyrul Durch Insektenlarven
1959
Box 3, Folder 11
Eriksen, Erling and Albert Braastad. Plural-Row Cinematographic Camera
1929
Box 3, Folder 12
Fischer, Henning. Uber die Konvertierung Photographischer Schichten Inbesondere bei Anuesenheit Eines...
1957
Box 3, Folder 13
James, D. and W. A. Peters. Photographic Camera - Reprint of United States patent
1915
Box 3, Folder 14
Kingslake, Rudolf. Lense Design by Desk Calculator
1976
Box 3, Folder 15
Lause, H. Zur Bestimmung des Falschlichtes bei Femrohren Durch Photoelectrisches Photometrieren
1966
Box 3, Folder 16
Luchsinger, R. and K. Pfister. Ergebnisse von Kehlkopfaufnahmen mit Einer Zeitdehnerapparatur
1959
Box 3, Folder 18
The End of the Iron-Core Age
1973
Box 3, Folder 19
With S. Fred Singer. Dynamical Considerations Relating to the West Ford Experiment
1964
Box 3, Folder 20
Breakdown of Lorentz Invariance
1967
Box 3, Folder 21
The Special Theory of Relativity and the Problem of Universal Constants
1969
Box 3, Folder 22
Reichenbach, Heinz. The Mach-Zehnder Interference Refractor
undated
Box 3, Folder 23
Rixen, C. J. Photographic Camera
1933
Box 3, Folder 24
Die Verwendung von Elektronenblitzlampen als Neue Lichtquellen in der...
1957
Box 3, Folder 25
Nuere Untersuchungen Uber Den Rezuprozitatsfehler (Schwarzschild-Effect)
1956
Box 3, Folder 26
A-Z - Miscellaneous
1945 - 1983
Box 3, Folder 29
Einstein, Albert - Photograph of Einstein's letter to Back with English translation
1955
Box 3, Folder 30
Helix Gage Works - Letter of resignation
1943
Box 3, Folder 31
Shereff Brothers Counselors at Law (Louis H. and Harry Shereff)
1958 - 1979
Box 3, Folder 32
Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers - Correspondents: Edward J. Blasko, Stephen C. Chamberlain, Jack F. Christensen,
and Lynne Robinson
1980 - 1981
Box 3, Folder 33
Whitaker, J. G.
1938 - 1940
Box 3, Folder 34
Wisdom: The Magazine of Knowledge for Lifetime Learning and Education (Leon Gutterman, President)
1966 - 1975
Box 3, Folder 35
Unidentified correspondents
1929 - 1981
Box 3, Folder 36
Agreement of Partnership - Television Zoomar Corporation, signed by Frank Back, Jack Pegler, and Westbrook Pegler II
1959
Box 3, Folder 37
Agreement of Sale of Zoomar Stock to Optical Industries
1979
Box 3, Folder 38
Agreement - Stockholders of Zoomar Marketing Corp.
1958
Box 3, Folder 39
Award from City of Glen Cove, NY
1962
Box 3, Folder 40
Capital stock certificates - Television Zoomar Export Corp., Zoomar Marketing Corp., and Television Zoomar Trading Ltd.
1957 - 1958
Box 3, Folder 41
Inter-office correspondence
1974 - 1977
Box 3, Folder 43, Oversize FB-282-07
Posters of letters to Jack Pegler and of other documents relating to Zoomar products
1949 - 1955
Box 3, Folder 44
Sterflinger, Ludwig - Employment agreements
1954 - 1972
Box 3, Folder 45, Oversize FB-353-02
Production information - Miscellaneous
1971
Box 3, Folder 46-47, Oversize FB-282-08
Drawings and graphs - Blueprints and photoreproductions
1966 - 1977
Box 3, Folder 48
Exklusiv! FM-Objektivtest "Normal" Weitwinkel 35mm
1970
Box 3, Folder 49
InfraRed Lenses - Product pamphlet and IRAP 100 graphs
undated
Box 3, Folder 50
Logo plate for color TV system
undated
Box 3, Folder 51
Mark XB-2 - Product pamphlet
undated
Box 3, Folder 52
New Orbiter for Pyroelectric Cameras-Mark II - Product pamphlet
undated
Box 4, Folder 1
T-Meter and Opticometer - Product pamphlet
undated
Box 4, Folder 2
Television Zoomar manual - Product manual
1951
Box 4, Folder 3
Zoomar Lenses for Vidicon TV Cameras - Product pamphlet
undated
Box 4, Folder 4
Zoomar MTF Meter - Product pamphlets
undated
Box 4, Folder 5
Zoomar Products and Capabilities - Product pamphlet for optical tracking systems
undated
Box 4, Folder 6
Attending conferences
undated
Box 4, Folder 7-8, Oversize FB-352-08
Back with Albert Einstein - Includes some images of Einstein alone and Einstein with others
ca. 1955
Box 4, Folder 10, Oversize FB-353-01
Personal scrapbook with photographs, newspaper clippings, and an envelope of duplicate photographs
1952 - 1970
Box 4, Folder 11-12, Oversize FB-352-07
Box 4, Folder 13-14, Oversize FB-352-09
With optical instruments or cameras
undated
Box 4, Folder 15-16, Oversize FB-352-10
Box 4, Folder 17, Oversize FB-354-01
Factory in Germany - Two scrapbooks with photographs of interior and exterior of factory plus duplicate photgraphs
undated
Box 4, Folder 18
Factory in Glen Cove, NY
undated
Oversize AB-28-D02
Photo poster - Large mounted collage of product photographs and images of Back
Box 4, Folder 21
Back, Maritsch (aunt)
1899, undated
Box 5, Folder 1
Family members - Unidentified
undated
Box 5, Folder 2
Greece - Images of ruins, buildings, and radar/optical equipment
undated
Box 5, Folder 3
House - Unidentified
1957, undated
Box 5, Folder 5
Images of buildings, landscapes, and astronomical phenomena
undated
Box 5, Folder 6, Oversize FB-352-11
Images of astronaut on the moon and aerial image of San Diego, CA
Box 5, Folder 7, Oversize FB-355-01
Solar eclipse expedition scrapbook - Materials related to Back's expedition to observe and photograph the solar eclipse of
June 20, 1955. The scrapbook contains images of Back only and Back with Einstein, newspaper clippings, and typescript of
Has the Earth a Ring Around It?
ca. 1955
Box 5, Folder 8
Unidentified people
undated
Box 5, Folder 9-10, Oversize FB-352-12
Work benches and tools
undated
Box 5, Folder 11
Advertisments for products manufactured by Back
ca. 1932 - 1938
Box 5, Folder 12, Oversize FB-352-06
Calculations and data
ca. 1975
Box 5, Folder 13
Employment Agreement with Bol Ltd.
1943
Epiprojector and Episcop Projector
Box 5, Folder 14
Typescript describing episcopic projectors and handwritten agreement of disclosure
1980 - 1983
Box 5, Folder 15, Oversize MC-154-03
Blueprints and drawings
1980 - 1983
Box 5, Folder 16
Income tax returns
1941 - 1942
Box 5, Folder 17
Inspection report from the Inspection Board of U. K. and Canada
1942
Box 5, Folder 19
List of passengers for a trip from Havre to New York
1929
Box 6, Folder 1
Microdot Optics
undated
General note
Box contains twenty-nine seemingly identical small microdot lenses or lens systems with "W. Germany" scratched into larger
barrel of lens. There are six variants: two are not inscribed with "W. Germany" and instead have scored lines around the circumference
of the larger lens barrel, three have either the numbers 3, 21, or 23 written in pencil on the larger lens barrel, and one
has masking tape attached with illegible handwriting.
Box 7, Folder 1
Newspaper clippings about Albert Einstein
1963
Box 7, Folder 2
New York Telephone Company - Bond certificate [photocopy]
1973
Box 7, Folder 3
Lowen, Elizabeth (sister) - Education document and letter of recommendation
1923 - 1938
Box 7, Folder 4
Postcards unsent - Images of Vienna, astonomical phenomena, telescopes, paintings and the Middle East
Box 7, Folder 5
Award to H. Lowen from Zoomar Inc.
1973
Box 7, Folder 7
Certificate of baptism
1902
Box 7, Folder 8
Certificate of confirmation
1918
Box 7, Folder 9
Certificate of death and contract of purchase for cemetery plot
1975
Box 7, Folder 10
Certificate of Literacy
1945
Box 7, Folder 11
Certificate from Vienna police
1937
Box 7, Folder 12
Correspondence - Typed letters to and from Herbert Lowen
1942 - 1968
Box 7, Folder 13
Heinrich Hertz-Realgymnasium - Transcript
1913 - 1921
Box 7, Folder 14
Universitat zu Wien - Course certificates, test certificates and a copy of his law diploma
1927 - 1937
Box 7, Folder 15
Employment documents
1932 - 1943
Box 7, Folder 16
Goldschmidt, Hans - Last will and testament, certificate of death, and cemetery deed
1943 - 1944
Box 7, Folder 17
Housing documents - Notice of maximum rent, mortgage documents, and deeds relating to various residence in New York State
1943 - 1946
Box 7, Folder 18
Identity cards and passports
1928 - 1961
Box 7, Folder 19
Letters of recommendation
1926 - 1930
Box 7, Folder 20
Lowenstein, Ernst (Lowen's father) - Contract between Ernst and Herbert Lowenstein and certificate of death
1923 - 1942
Box 7, Folder 21
Newspaper clipping from a German or Austrian newspaper
undated
Box 7, Folder 22
Notice of inheritence
1955
Box 7, Folder 22
Receipts from notary publics, US Department of Justice, US Draft Board, and US District Court
1942 - 1958
Box 7, Folder 24
Vaccination records
1902 - 1961
ORIGINALS OF PRESERVATION PHOTOCOPIES
Box 7, Folder 25
Originals of preservation photocopies
