Conquest of California and Aftermath
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1845
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1846
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A copy, undated and without title, as is this one, was sent to George Bancroft, Secretary of the Navy, on the 28th of August 1846 and in the accompanying letter Stockton says, I enclose to you several dispatches of which number 6 is the constitution by which you will see what sort of government I have established and how I am proceeding.He (Stockton) determined, and announced his intention both to Fremont and to the Secretary of the Navy, to form a civil territorial government, and to appoint a governor in the person of Fremont, with other territorial authorities to rule after his departure. He even prepared a plan or constitution, which he submitted to his government but did not publish it or attempt to put it in operation.
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This is the original receipt for his expenses on the road.The nearest assistance to which he could look was at Monterey, approximately 400 miles away, and the route over which a courier had to pass, even if he should elude the besieging force, lay through a country where every native inhabitant must be counted upon as an enemy. These difficulties, however, did not prevent one of Gillespie's men, John Brown, or Juan Flaco (Lean John, as he was commonly known) from carrying the message for aid to Commodore Stockton, who was not at Monterey as Gillespie supposed, but at San Francisco, 100 miles beyond. Leaving Los Angeles at 8 o'clock on the evening of September 24th, with a short message from Gillespie written on cigarette papers and concealed in his hair, unarmed and equipped only with spurs and reata, Brown successfully passed the enemy line. He was pursued, however, by fifteen Californians, but escaped from them by jumping his horse, already mortally wounded, over a 13-foot ravine. Two miles more and the horse died. Lean John walked 27 miles to the ranch of an American, where he secured another horse, with which he reached Santa Barbara. From here, obtaining fresh horses as he could, he rode almost continuously until he arrived at Monterey on the evening of the 29th. Up to this time, according to the report of an eyewitness of his arrival, Brown had had neither rest nor sleep since leaving Los Angeles. He slept 3 hours at Monterey then pushed on to San Francisco which he reached either late on the 30th or early the next morning.
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There has always been an uncertainty as to whether or not Gillespie promised to deliver his artillery at San Pedro and embark at once. The above established these facts and gives for the first time the other propositions.The terms of the capitulation, however, if they were put in writing at all are not extant. Under the terms of this agreement Gillespie was to:1. Retire at once from Los Angeles to San Pedro with all forces and to sail immediately for Monterey.2. Leave the city with the honors of war and carrying the personal property of his force.3. Carry the mounted artillery which he had found in Los Angeles to San Pedro and turn it over to a Mexican officer.4. Turn over supplies with an inventory.5. Return arms taken from the houses of citizens.6. Exchange prisoners class for class.7. Respect the property of foreigners.Some additional propositions provided that the time limit for the evacuation should be 9 o'clock on the 30th, that Gillespie's forces would not be molested on the retreat to San Pedro and that all horses not the personal property of the troops should be turned over.
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1847
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Also asks for a written account of Mervine's defeat,I am resolved to go to Washington myself, if I can get there, as the only way to hear from the government. Will you send me word...as to the number of men, horses, mules, etc., that will be necessary to take us home comfortably and with the proper dignity as conquerors of the country, and when and where to start from.
The letter ends with a plaintive postscript about the quality of wine received and asks for oranges.I only want it in case he should at the the department claim a victory because....I have in all my letters called it a defeat and a very bad defeat.
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1848
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1849
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1850
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1851
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1852
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I certify, on honor, that the above account is correct that for the time stated I was upon special service under confidential verbal instructions from the President of the U.S., James K. Polk, and the Honorable James Buchanan, Secretary of State, that my mission was solely upon state affairs and that the orders from the Navy Department were to prevent the discovery of its object.
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1853
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1854
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1855
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1856
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1859
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1860
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Personal Papers of Archibald H. Gillespie, 1847-1860
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Various persons to Archibald H. Gillespie, 1847-1858. Concerning military, personal matters.
Relatives to Archibald H. Gillespie, 1849-1853. Letters, mostly from his sister, Elisa.
Relatives to Mrs. Archibald H. Gillespie, 1849-1853. Letters, mostly from sister-in-law Elisa.
Correspondence concerning the personal finances of Archibald H. Gillespie, 1847-1860.
Personal promissory notes, vouchers of Archibald H. Gillespie, 1849-1851.
Commercial bills of sale, receipts, accounts charged to Archibald H. Gillespie, 1848.
Commercial bills of sale, receipts, accounts charged to Archibald H. Gillespie, 1849.
Commercial bills of sale, receipts, accounts charged to Archibald H. Gillespie, 1850.
Commercial bills of sale, receipts, accounts charged to Archibald H. Gillespie, 1851.
Commercial bills of sale, receipts, accounts charged to Archibald H. Gillespie, 1852.
Commercial bills of sale, receipts, accounts charged to Archibald H. Gillespie, 1853.
Commercial bills of sale, receipts, accounts charged to Archibald H. Gillespie, 1854.
Commercial bills of sale, receipts, accounts charged to Archibald H. Gillespie, 1855.
Commercial bills of sale, receipts, accounts charged to Archibald H. Gillespie, 1856.
Commercial bills of sale, receipts, accounts charged to Archibald H. Gillespie, n.d.
Miscellaneous pieces. Item concerning military lists, envelopes removed from official correspondence.
Various persons to Archibald H. Gillespie and one letter to his wife Elizabeth, 1849-1858.
Elizabeth Gillespie to her husband Archibald H. Gillespie, and one letter from Ellen Gillespie to Dear Papa, 1859-1860.
Letters mostly to and from Elizabeth Gillespie and her father, W.D. Duane, 1852-1853.
Processing notes and transcriptions relating to various items in the collection, ca. 1949.