Guide to the California Shipbuilding Corporation (CalShip)
Collection
Special Collections & Archives
University Library
California State University, Northridge
18111 Nordhoff Street
Northridge, CA 91330-8326
Contributing Institution:
Special Collections & Archives
Title: California Shipbuilding Corporation (CalShip) Collection
Creator:
California Shipbuilding Corporation
Identifier/Call Number: URB.CALSHIP
Physical Description:
0.42 linear feet
Date (inclusive): 1941-1945
Abstract: The California Shipbuilding Corporation
(CalShip), established in February 1941 on Terminal Island, became one of the focal points
in Los Angeles' war effort. At CalShip, forty thousand men and women worked under war
contracts to produce 467 vessels in four years. Known as the "Liberty Fleet," these cargo
ships were designed to be constructed faster and less expensively than traditional cargo
ships. The CalShip shipyard closed in September 1945 after the launching of its last Victory
ship, "four years to the minute after the first slid into the water." The collection is
comprised copies of the bi-weekly magazine,
CalShip Log, for
the period of September 1, 1941 to September 27, 1945; the CalShip
Cavalcade; and a CalShip Labor Day program.
Language of Material:
English .
Historical Note:
The California Shipbuilding Corporation (CalShip), established in February 1941 on Terminal
Island, became one of the focal points in Los Angeles' war effort. With the United States'
entry into World War II, shipbuilding turned from a small industry into an industrial giant
up and down the West Coast. Large Navy contracts brought port expansion and shipbuilding to
California, and shipyards sprang up from San Francisco to San Diego. Under contracts from
the U.S. Department of Maritime Commission and a number of U.S. Navy contracts, Los Angeles
engaged in a thriving shipbuilding business in the early 1940s. Workers from every region of
the United States migrated to the area for work in the shipyards and the docks of
California. As a result, at the peak of shipbuilding in California, the industry employed
over 282,000 people. Shipbuilding became a highly efficient wartime industry in California,
employing laborers dedicated to quality and expediency in their work. The building of ships
and the number of jobs in the industry peaked in mid-1943 and held together well until the
end of the war.
CalShip was constructed on artificial earth supported by 57,000 piles. The property
selected for the construction of the shipyard was the marshy, weed infested land of Terminal
Island. Original plans for the building of the shipyard called for eight shipways and six
outfitting docks to be constructed. But, because of the tremendous demand for ships that the
war had created, the building program was expanded. The result was the construction of
fourteen shipways and ten outfitting docks. The cost of construction was over
$11,000,000.
CalShip's first completed cargo ship was the S.S. John C. Fremont, launched 27 September
1941. 7,800 workers completed the ship more than a month ahead of schedule (it had taken
only four months to build) and a great ceremony marked the event. On the day of its
launching, fourteen other merchant ships were also launched, seven from the Atlantic Coast,
six from the Pacific Coast, and one from the Gulf. It was the first "mass launching" of
ships since World War I.
At CalShip, forty thousand men and women worked under war contracts to produce 467 vessels
in four years. Known as the "Liberty Fleet," these cargo ships were designed to be
constructed faster and less expensively than traditional cargo ships. "Part of the [Liberty]
ship was pre-fabricated, and its parts were welded together instead of riveted, which cut
construction time in half." This was a much quicker way to build ships, and by 1943,
construction of one of these vessels took less than 60 days. The Liberty Ships were an
important element in supplying armed forces overseas with materiel so desperately needed for
combat operations. While originally designed as a cargo ship only, they were later modified
to carry personnel overseas as well. "Liberty Ships accounted for about half of all cargo
ships produced during the war."
After the end of the war, the Maritime Commission and the Navy department began canceling
their contracts and the shipbuilding industry rapidly fell to the wayside. The CalShip
shipyard closed in September 1945 after the launching of its last Victory ship, "four years
to the minute after the first slid into the water."
Scope and Contents
The
California Shipbuilding Corporation (Calship) Collection
is comprised of copies of the bi-weekly magazine,
CalShip Log,
for the period September 1, 1941 to September 27, 1945. Aimed at the employees of CalShip,
its purpose was to inform workers of safety rules, policies and procedures and the progress
of working for the war effort. The magazine includes a section on employee leisure
activities. Also included in this small collection is a copy of the 1942 issue of
CalShip Cavalcade, which pictorially details the transition of
swampland into the Terminal Island shipyard, one newspaper clipping on the closing of the
shipyard in September 1945, and a Labor Day "Victory" program for 1942.
Related Materials:
Conditions Governing Access:
The collection is open for research use.
Conditions Governing Use:
Copyright for unpublished materials authored or otherwise produced by the creator(s) of
this collection has not been transferred to California State University, Northridge.
Copyright status for other materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials
protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires
the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be
commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any
use rests exclusively with the user.
Immediate Source of Acquisition
Richard Vogler, 1984. Additional Donation, 2014.
Preferred Citation:
For information about citing items in this collection consult the appropriate style manual,
or see the
Citing Archival Materials guide.
Processing Information:
Robert G. Marshall, September 1985
Box 1, Folder 1
Calship Cavalcade (issue),
1942
Box 1, Folder 2
Calship Log,
1941 September 1-December 15
Box 1, Folder 3
Calship Log,
1942 January 1-December 15
Box 1, Folder 4
Calship Log,
1943 January 15-December 1
Box 1, Folder 5
Calship Log,
1944 January 15-November 15
Box 1, Folder 6
Calship Log,
1945 January 11
Box 1, Folder 9
Calship Log,
1945 September 27
Box 1, Folder 7
Newspaper clipping: "Calship Becomes Ghost Yard After Last Vessel
Launched,"
1945 September 28
Box 1, Folder 8
"Ships for Victory" Labor Day program,
1942 September 7