Background
Sachsenhausen concentration camp, located in Oranienburg, Germany, was established in 1936 and used primarily for political
prisoners. Its location, 22 miles north of Berlin, gave it a primary position among German concentration camps, and in fact
the administrative center of all the camps was in Oranienburg. Sachsenhausen was also a training center for SS officers.
Gross-Rosen concentration camp, established in 1940 as a satellite of Sachsenhausen, was actually a network of close to 100
subcamps located in eastern Germany, Czechoslovakia, and occupied Poland. At its peak in 1944, this network of camps housed
11% of the total number of inmates in Nazi concentration camps.
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