Background
The Royal Chicano Air Force (RCAF) is an artistic collective based in Sacramento, California. Initially formed at the California
State University, Sacramento in 1970 as the Rebel Chicano Art Front, the RCAF was founded to express the goals of the Chicano
civil rights and labor organizing movement of the United Farm Workers. The founding members of the RCAF included José Montoya,
Esteban Villa, Juan Orosco, Ricardo Favela, and Rudy Cuellar. Montoya and Villa met each other while students at the California
College of Arts and Crafts in Oakland. During the Chicano Movement students pressured colleges and universities to diversify
their faculties. As a result, Villa was hired as a professor of art in 1969 and Montoya as professor of art eduction in 1970
at CSUS. Their academic positions gave them the creative freedom to initiate programmatic exchanges between the university
and the community. Through this effort they initiated many programs including the Barrio Art Program, which required university
students to go out into the community, including senior centers, to teach art courses. The RCAF moved off-campus in 1972 and
established the not-for-profit organization, Centro de Artistas Chicanos. Its mission was to make available to the Chicano
community a bilingual/bicultural arts center where artists could come together to exchange ideas, provide mutual support,
and make available posters, educational programs and cultural events to the public. The RCAF artists are best known for their
mural paintings, poster art production, and individual artistic contributions. The artists of the Centro produced murals and
exhibited throughout the U.S. Southwest. Over the ensuing years, the RCAF became the umbrella for various Sacramento community
programs, such as the Aeronaves de Aztlán (Automotive Repair Garage), RCAF Danzantes (Aztec Dance group), Barrio Art Program,
and the RCAF Graphics and Design Center. In 1977, the Centro de Artistas Chicanos and Breakfast for Niños Program (a community
non-profit organization that fed children before school) joined other community organizations, such as La Raza Bookstore (with
its Galería Posada) and the Alkali Redevelopment Office, to create the Cultural Affairs Committee. The CAC organized annual
community cultural events, including the Fiesta de Colores (March), Dia de la Madres (May), Fiesta de Maiz (June), Dia de
los Muertos (November) and Operation Christmas Unity (December). While the "RCAF" originally stood for the “Rebel Chicano
Art Front,” people confused the letters with the acronym for the Royal Canadian Air Force. The artists recognized the humor
within the misunderstanding and adopted the name Royal Chicano Air Force. This new identity found its way into their wardrobe,
as well as their highly successful silkscreen poster program, which began to disseminate the World War I aviator and barnstorming
bi-winged planes as icons. Throughout its history, the RCAF gained a well-deserved reputation for outrageous humor, screenprint
posters, murals, and community activism.
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