Descriptive Summary
Scope and Content of Collection
Biography
Acquisition Information
Publication Rights
OFF-SITE STORAGE
Preferred Citation
Digital Content
Restrictions
Related Materials
Descriptive Summary
Contributing Institution:
Special Collections & Archives, UC San Diego
9500 Gilman Drive
La Jolla 92093-0175
Title: Conrad Limbaugh Papers
Creator:
Limbaugh, Conrad, 1924-1960
Identifier/Call Number: SMC 0086
Physical Description:
6.65 Linear feet
(17 archives boxes, and 15 films)
Date (inclusive): 1945 - 2002 (bulk 1950-1962)
Abstract: The collection consists of scuba diving pioneer Conrad Limbaugh's professional files, correspondence, field notes, writings,
photographic media and films.
Languages:
English
.
Scope and Content of Collection
The collection consists of professional files, correspondence, field notes, writings, photographic media and films detailing
Conrad Limbaugh's scientific scuba diving work at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. It includes an extensive array
of taxonomic field notes on fish, diving logs, scuba instruction files, diving association materials and underwater photographic
media. Subjects of note include early scuba diving technology, ichthyology, Limbaugh's participation in the development of
shark repellents and his research regarding cleaning symbiosis in marine animals.
Arranged in eight series: 1) BIOGRAPHICAL FILES, 2) CORRESPONDENCE, 3) SUBJECT FILES, 4) FIELD NOTES, 5) WRITINGS, 6) WRITINGS
BY OTHERS, 7) PHOTOGRAPHS and 8) AUDIOVISUAL RECORDINGS.
Biography
Conrad Limbaugh (1924-1960) was a forerunner in the development of scuba diving standards. He began his diving career as a
skin-diving enthusiast in the 1930s, exploring the coasts of Long Beach as a teenager. He received a B.A. in Biology from
Whittier College in 1949 and commenced his graduate studies through the zoology department at UCLA. It was during this time
that Limbaugh became aware of the first-ever Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus (SCUBA), and persuaded biology
professor Boyd Walker to purchase one of the first Aqua Lung units sold in the United States. Fellow UCLA graduate student
and lifelong friend Andreas Rechnitzer joined Limbaugh in experimenting with the device, and they taught themselves how to
use the Aqua Lung without instruction or manuals. Limbaugh transferred to the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 1950
where he studied under Carl Hubbs. He began to apply scuba diving towards scientific research more directly and spent countless
hours underwater recording his observations of aquatic animals, tagging fishes and collecting specimens. At the time, formal
standards for civilian scuba training and education did not exist in the United States. Within a year Limbaugh developed preliminary
guidelines necessary to train others in scuba diving and began instructing graduate students in 1951. Limbaugh was appointed
Marine Diving Specialist in 1953 by Scripps Director Roger Revelle. As the first official diving officer at Scripps, Limbaugh
was charged with the responsibility of maintaining a safe training program, developing curriculum, writing instruction manuals
and issuing diving permits to new divers. Limbaugh enjoyed an active professional life during the 1950s, studying kelp bed
ecology and cleaning symbiosis, speaking at local diving clubs, leading professional diving associations, participating in
Scripps expeditions, working for outside agencies and experimenting with civilian underwater imaging. In 1957 he co-founded
Scientific Diving Consultants and helped to create an underwater ecological preserve in the Virgin Islands. In early 1960
Limbaugh was invited to attend the first meeting for the Confédération Mondiale des Acitivités Subaquatiques (CMAS) to be
held in Barcelona. At the conference, he presented a paper on cleaning symbiosis and was voted Chairman of Marine Biology
for the new association. While abroad, Limbaugh took the opportunity to dive in some caves along the coast of Spain and France.
On March 20th he became lost in the underground river at Port Miou and died. His body was discovered a week later and was
buried in a small cemetery overlooking the Mediterranean at Cassis, France. After the fatal accident, his brother-in-law Dr.
Howard Feder compiled Limbaugh's writings, bringing several to posthumous publication.
Acquisition Information
Acquired 1981-2005.
Publication Rights
Publication rights are held by the Regents of the University of California.
OFF-SITE STORAGE
COLLECTION STORED OFF-SITE. ALLOW ONE WEEK FOR RETRIEVAL OF MATERIALS.
Preferred Citation
Conrad Limbaugh Papers, SMC 86. Special Collections & Archives, UC San Diego.
Digital Content
Selected images and recordings from this collection have been reformatted and can either be viewed through links in the container
list; or requested through the finding aid.
Restrictions
Original media formats are restricted. Viewing/listening copies may be available for researchers.
Related Materials
SIO Biographical Files, SAC 5. Special Collections & Archives, UC San Diego.
Subjects and Indexing Terms
Shark attacks -- Prevention
Ichthyology
Fishes -- Classification
Scuba divers -- Training of
Symbiosis
Marine animals -- Behavior
Scuba diving -- Study and teaching
Limbaugh, Conrad, 1924-1960 -- Archives