J. Stuart Innerst Papers
Mandeville Special Collections Library
Mandeville Special Collections Library
The UCSD Libraries
9500 Gilman Drive
University of California, San Diego
La Jolla, California 92093-0175
Phone: (858) 534-2533
Fax: (858) 534-5950
URL: http://orpheus.ucsd.edu/speccoll/
Copyright 2005
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Descriptive Summary
Creator:
Innerst, J. Stuart, 1894-1975
Title: J. Stuart Innerst Papers,
Date (inclusive): 1916 - 1975
Extent:
4.90 linear feet
(10 archives boxes, 1 card file box, 3 oversize folders)
Abstract: Papers of J. Stuart Innerst (1894-1975), missionary, Quaker activist, editor, and critic of American foreign policy toward
China. Innerst worked in China as a United Brethren in Christ missionary (1920-1927) and later returned as a guest of the
People's Republic for five weeks in 1972. The bulk of the papers (1960-1975) relate to Innerst's lobbying and activist efforts
to improve relations between the United States and the People's Republic of China and document that part of Innerst's career
directly related to China.
The materials are arranged into eight series: 1) BIOGRAPHICAL MATERIALS, 2) CORRESPONDENCE, 3) WRITINGS, 4) ADVOCACY MATERIALS,
5) SUBJECT FILES, 6) PHOTOGRAPHS, 7) MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS, and 8) AUDIO RECORDINGS. Included in the correspondence are
letters from Anna Louise Strong and letters written by Innerst as a missionary. Innerst edited the American Friends Service
Committee's THE UNDERSTANDING CHINA NEWSLETTER (1965-1970) and the CHINA SPECTATOR PAPERS (1971-1973), which were posthumously
published as CHINA GREY, CHINA GREEN (1983).
Repository:
University of California, San Diego. Geisel Library. Mandeville Special Collections Library.
La Jolla, California 92093-0175
Collection number: MSS 0097
Language of Material:
Collection materials in English
Access
Collection is open for research.
Acquisition Information
Not Available
Preferred Citation
J. Stuart Innerst Papers, MSS 0097. Mandeville Special Collections Library, UCSD.
Publication Rights
Publication rights are held by the creator of the collection.
Biography
J. Stuart Innerst was born in Dallastown, Pennsylvania, in 1894. He graduated from Lebanon Valley College, Annville, Pennsylvania,
in 1916 and received his Bachelor of Divinity degree from Bonebrake Theological Seminary, now the United Seminary in Dayton,
Ohio, in 1919. He married Marion Reachard after graduation from college.
Innerst began his experience and involvement with China as a missionary. On January 20, 1920, the Innersts entered China
with the China Mission of United Brethren in Christ in Canton. They lived and worked in the small, rural town of Siulam where
they became increasingly disturbed by the attitudes and actions of foreigners toward Chinese people. The Innersts experienced
China in its transition to a modern state dominated by foreign imperialist powers. In the spring of 1927, the Innersts left
China in protest of the "unequal treaties" imposed by foreign governments.
Innerst returned to Ohio to become the chaplain at Otterbein College from 1927 to 1939, when he became the minister of Fairview
Church in Dayton, Ohio. In 1943, Innerst left the ministry to become a Quaker and later served as pastor of the First Friends
Church in Pasadena, California.
During the 1960s, Innerst actively sought to change United States policy toward China. Between 1960-1961, he served as director
of the Quaker's "Friend in Washington Program," and for thirteen months he lobbied and interviewed members of Congress regarding
disarmament, peace, and improved relations with China. Concern for his wife's health forced his departure from Washington,
but he returned briefly in 1963 and again in 1965.
In 1965, Innerst coauthored the book A NEW CHINA POLICY: SOME QUAKER PROPOSALS, which argued for normalizing relations with
China through the removal of restrictions and recognition of the communist government. Between 1965 and 1970, he edited the
UNDERSTANDING CHINA NEWSLETTER published by the American Friends Service Committee. In 1968, Innerst travelled to the Far
East, including Australia, New Zealand, and Singapore to meet with Quaker groups concerning the situation in China. Innerst
influenced public opinion through community lectures, correspondence, and letters to newspaper editors.
Innerst's service in the interest of world peace included participation in the American Friends Service Committee, the Peace
Board of the California Yearly Meeting of Friends, and the Board of Peace and Social Concerns of the Five Years Meeting.
He attended four conferences of the World Peace Council in Europe in the early 1960s and helped plan the 1962 Moscow World
Congress on Disarmament and Peace.
Innerst returned to China in May 1972 as a guest of the Chinese Peoples Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries.
As the first American missionary to be granted a visa to reenter China, Innerst spent five weeks visiting cities, historical
sites, schools, hospitals, factories, and rural communes, focusing on the social changes achieved by the communist regime.
After the death of Marion Innerst in October 1964, Stuart Innerst married Gladis Barber Voorhees and settled in La Jolla,
California. From his home, he produced the CHINA SPECTATOR PAPERS (1971-1973), a newsletter which, after 1972, became an
occasionally issued narrative which contrasted his China trip with recollections and insights from the 1920s. The last ten
issues formed the basis of the book CHINA GREY, CHINA GREEN (1983), edited by family members and published posthumously.
J. Stuart Innerst died at his home in La Jolla, California, on August 30, 1975.
Scope and Content of Collection
The J. Stuart Innerst Papers relate almost exclusively to China and provide a unique perspective on the country's social and
political changes in the twentieth century. They contain materials describing China during two discrete periods-- during
the early 1920s, and later, during the 1960s and early 1970s. The bulk of the materials date from 1960-1975 and document
Innerst's efforts to change and improve American attitudes and foreign policy toward the People's Republic of China. The
materials include correspondence, writings, notes, publications edited by Innerst, photographs, and audio recordings. The
collection is organized into eight series: 1) BIOGRAPHICAL MATERIALS, 2) CORRESPONDENCE, 3) WRITINGS, 4) ADVOCACY MATERIALS,
5) SUBJECT FILES, 6) PHOTOGRAPHS, 7) MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS, and 8) AUDIO RECORDINGS.
SERIES 1: BIOGRAPHICAL MATERIALS
The BIOGRAPHICAL MATERIALS contain several short sketches outlining Innerst's activities since 1960 as a Quaker, as well as
a detailed article entitled "China Spectator," coauthored by Innerst. The obituary materials include newspaper articles and
letters of condolence. Additionally, Innerst's public speaking activities during the 1960s and early 1970s are documented
in the flyers and notices of his speaking events.
SERIES 2: CORRESPONDENCE
The CORRESPONDENCE series is divided into two subseries, the first of which contains correspondence between Innerst and individuals
interested in China. Many of the correspondents were other Quakers living in Pacific Rim countries. Of particular importance
are the letters from Anna Louise Strong, an American journalist and advocate of communism who settled in Peking and enjoyed
the acquaintance of Mao Tse-tung until her death in 1970. Materials in this series are organized alphabetically by author.
The second subseries of CORRESPONDENCE is entitled Letter Book from China and comprises a collection of letters (1916-1923)
from Marion and Stuart Innerst and the C.E. Burrises to the Reverend Rufus Lefever, a Brethren Church official who lived in
Dayton, Ohio. The bulk of the letters was written by Stuart Innerst and reflects his experiences as a missionary in China.
SERIES 3: WRITINGS
The WRITINGS series is arranged in two subseries, general and notebooks, and contains a variety of works on China policy including
journal articles, short papers, written speeches, and rough notes. Although the bulk of the materials dates from 1960, there
are two works from Innerst's missionary period-- "Paying the Price of Conviction" (1922) and "Next Things in China" (1926).
The materials are arranged alphabetically by title. The second subseries also contains notebooks which Innerst created on
his 1972 trip to China and during his 1968 trip to the Far East.
SERIES 4: ADVOCACY MATERIALS
The ADVOCACY MATERIALS series is divided into three subseries and documents Innerst's efforts to influence governmental and
public opinion about China. The record of Innerst's individual meetings with Congressional representatives is contained in
the "Lobby Materials" subseries. In addition, summaries of his activity during his association with the "Friend in Washington
Program" are located in the "Washington Diary" folders. Materials from Innerst's involvement with the American Friends Service
Committee's China Committee and his La Jolla-based "China Study Group" are also included in the series. Finally, published
runs of newsletters which Innerst helped to edit and publish, especially the CHINA SPECTATOR PAPERS and the UNDERSTANDING
CHINA NEWSLETTER, complete the series.
SERIES 5: SUBJECT FILES
The SUBJECT FILES series contains folders which aggregate newspaper clippings, broadsides, handwritten notes, and ephemera
related to China. The materials are organized alphabetically by title.
SERIES 6: PHOTOGRAPHS
Among the materials in the PHOTOGRAPHS series are color slide images which Innerst made during his 1972 trip to China. Also
included are black and white prints used to illustrate the book CHINA GREY, CHINA GREEN. Finally, there are several portrait
images of Innerst.
SERIES 7: MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS
The MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS contain memorabilia from Innerst's missionary experience in China during the 1920s: anti-imperialist
propaganda cartoons and a Chinese newspaper.
SERIES 8: AUDIO RECORDINGS
Audio cassette tapes comprise the bulk of the AUDIO RECORDINGS series. Innerst's trip to China is represented by two tapes
of choral events, a discussion of his experience recorded after leaving China, recorded thoughts on China from a Quaker meeting,
and the narration to accompany his slide presentation.
Indexing Terms
The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the library's online public access catalog.
Subjects
Innerst, J. Stuart, 1894-1975 -- Archives
China -- Description and travel
China -- History -- Republic, 1912-1949
Photographic prints -- 20th century.
box 1, folder 2
Obituary materials and letters of condolence
1975
Note
"Memorial Meeting - In Memory of Stuart Innerst - September 13, 1975." - Cassette tapes - [Quaker Meetings] - see also AUDIO
RECORDINGS.
box 1, folder 3
Speaking events - Flyers and notices
1962 - 1973
Note
See also CORRESPONDENCE -- General -- "Speaking Engagements."
box 1, folder 4
Speaking events - Reviews
Note
See also CORRESPONDENCE -- General -- "Speaking Engagements."
box 1, folder 5
Miscellaneous correspondence, A-M
box 1, folder 6
Miscellaneous correspondence, N-Y
box 1, folder 8
American Friends Service Committee
1965 - 1968
box 1, folder 9
Australia-China Society
1969 - 1972
box 1, folder 10
Boyce, Peter J.
1968 - 1969
box 1, folder 11
Chen, John P.H.
1958 - 1962
box 1, folder 13
China Travel Service
1968 - 1973
box 1, folder 14
Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries
1972 - 1975
box 1, folder 17
Christian Freedom Foundation, Inc.
1961
box 1, folder 18
Committee for New China Policy
1972
box 1, folder 21
Holmes, Margaret
1968 - 1969
box 1, folder 22
Huang, Wei-shan
1973 - 1975
box 1, folder 25
Letters from Congressmen
1961 - 1963
box 1, folder 26
Letters to the Editor
1954 - 1971
box 2, folder 2
Mao, Tse-tung
Note
[Draft of a letter to Mao].
box 2, folder 4
National Council of Churches
1968 - 1973
box 2, folder 5
Newell, Frances
1968 - 1969
box 2, folder 6
Newnham, Thomas
1968 - 1969
box 2, folder 8
People's Republic of China.
1971 - 1973
Note
Embassy. Ottawa, Canada.
box 2, folder 9
Phelps, Dryden Linsley - "Travel to China"
1971 - 1972
box 2, folder 10
Porter, Charles O.
1969 - 1971
box 2, folder 11
Religious Society of Friends
1968 - 1971
box 2, folder 13
Snyder, Edwards F.
1967 - 1971
box 2, folder 14
Sodei, Rinjiro
1967 - 1972
box 2, folder 15
Speaking Engagements
1958 - 1966
box 2, folder 16
Speaking Engagements
1967 - 1970
box 2, folder 17
Speaking Engagements
1972 - 1975
box 2, folder 18
Strong, Anna Louise
1962 - 1970
box 2, folder 19
Strong, Anna Louise
1963 - 1969
box 3, folder 1
Tang, Ming-Chao
1970 - 1973
box 3, folder 2
Travel to China
1965 - 1967
box 3, folder 3
Tucson Correspondence
1973
box 3, folder 4
United States
1964 - 1975
Note
Department of State.
box 3, folder 5
United Theological Seminary (Calvin H. Reber)
1973 - 1975
box 3, folder 6
Visit to China
1970 - 1972
box 3, folder 7
Wheelwright, E.L.
1968 - 1969
box 3, folder 8
White Paper Correspondence
1971
box 3, folder 10
Letter Book From China
1916 - 1923
box 3, folder 11
America's China Policy - and Alternatives
1967
Note
(An address delivered at the University of California, San Diego, January 8, 1967, in 'a one-day conversation' on 'Paper-Tigers
and Dragon-Tamers,' sponsored by the University in cooperation with eleven organizations in the area.)
box 3, folder 12
Another Voice for Amnesty - J. Stuart Innerst
1973
Note
June 20, [remarks read into the Congressional Record in the House of Representatives].
box 3, folder 13
Can We Open Windows to China?
Note
Typescript, (no date).
box 3, folder 14
China - Fifty Years Later a New World
1972
Note
September, (typescript and holograph notes).
box 3, folder 15
China: New Dogma, New Maoist Man
1972
box 3, folder 16
China Policy
1970
Note
Correspondence, typescripts and holograph notes.
box 3, folder 18
Foreign Policy Cuts Two Ways
Note
[American Friends Service Committee reprint], (no date).
box 3, folder 19
How Would the United States Feel?
1966
box 3, folder 20
I Saw a New China
Note
Typescript, (no date).
box 3, folder 21
Journey in Search of Answers
Note
Mimeograph, (no date).
box 3, folder 22
Journey to Moscow
Note
Mimeograph, (no date).
box 3, folder 23
Miscellaneous notes (typescripts and holograph notes)
box 3, folder 24
Modern Industrialism in China
1920
Note
Original Manuscript.
box 3, folder 25
Myth and Reality in our Relations with China
1970
box 3, folder 26
New China and the New Chinese
1973
box 3, folder 27
NEW CHINA POLICY: SOME QUAKER PROPOSALS
1965
Note
[Innerst was coauthor].
box 3, folder 28
New China Policy (Eighth Annual Harry A. Shuder Memorial Address)
1968
Note
October 26, (typescript).
box 4, folder 1
Next Things in China
1926
Note
[Article published in the religious journal WATCHWORD].
box 4, folder 2
Notes and handwritten drafts
box 4, folder 3
Notes and quotations for speeches
box 4, folder 4
Notes and quotations for speeches
box 4, folder 5
Paying the Price of Conviction: Story of a Chinese Lad who Refused to be Engage
1922
Note
[Article published in the religious journal WATCHWORD].
box 4, folder 6
Peace Policy Toward China
1970
Note
Typescripts and holograph notes.
box 4, folder 7
Policy and Problems - China
1960
Note
[Outlines for speeches].
box 4, folder 8
Recent Writings on China
1975
box 4, folder 9
Some Observations - Speech given at the Congressional Conference on U.S. -
1971
Note
Mainland China Policy, February 4-5.
box 4, folder 10
Testimony of Stuart Innerst on behalf of the Friends Committee on Legislation
1967
Note
[title continues] Before Congressman George E. Brown and Congressman Edward Roybal, November 27-28.
box 4, folder 11
Time for Greatness
Note
Mimeograph, (no date).
box 4, folder 12
Unprecedented Progress
1972
Note
[Articles published in the FRIENDS JOURNAL].
box 4, folder 13
Writings
1972
Note
[Holograph notes of sketches describing 1972 trip to China].
box 4, folder 14
Notebook with newspaper clippings
1967
box 4, folder 15
Trip to New Zealand, Autralia, Singapore, Philipines, Bangkok, Japan -
1968
Note
Question about China.
box 4, folder 16
China Trip
1972
Note
"Changes in China, 1920-1972."
box 4, folder 17
China Trip
1972
Note
"China Questions Asked - Notes."
box 5, folder 4
Interviews - Congress
1960
box 5, folder 5
Interviews - Congress
1961
box 5, folder 6
Interviews - Congress
1965
box 5, folder 7
Interviews - Congress
1967
box 5, folder 10
Washington - February
1963
Organizations and Study Groups
box 5, folder 12
American Friends Service Committee
1964
Note
China Policy Working Party.
box 5, folder 13
American Friends Service Committee
1965 - 1971
Note
Minutes of the China Committee.
box 5, folder 14
American Friends Service Committee
1971
Note
Bronson Clark reports.
box 5, folder 15
American Friends Service Committee
1963 - 1971
Note
Understanding China Committee.
box 5, folder 16
China Study Groups
Note
Miscellaneous materials, clippings, etc., (no date).
box 6, folder 1
China Study Groups
Note
Mailing Lists, (no date).
box 6, folder 2
China Study Groups
1973 - 1975
box 6, folder 3
China Study Groups
1973 - 1975
box 6, folder 4
China Study Groups
1973 - 1975
box 6, folder 5
CALIFORNIAN REPORTS FROM WASHINGTON
1963 - 1965
Note
Mimeograph and typescript.
box 6, folder 6
CHINA SPECTATOR PAPERS
Note
Issues from 1971-1973.
box 6, folder 7
CHINA SPECTATOR PAPERS
Note
Correspondence, 1971-1973.
box 6, folder 9
CHRONICLE OF A FRIEND IN WASHINGTON
box 6, folder 10
CHRONICLE OF A FRIEND IN WASHINGTON
box 6, folder 11, oversize MC04104
UNDERSTANDING CHINA NEWSLETTER
Note
Issues from June 1965 to June 1970.
box 6, folder 12
UNDERSTANDING CHINA NEWSLETTER
box 6, folder 13
UNDERSTANDING CHINA NEWSLETTER
Note
Correspondence, 1967-1969.
box 6, folder 14
UNDERSTANDING CHINA NEWSLETTER
Note
Miscellaneous, (no date).
box 6, folder 16
Addresses and Publicity - Hubert Humphrey
1966
box 6, folder 19
China and India Border Dispute
1964
box 7, folder 1
China and India
1959
Note
Clippings, pamphets, copies and letters.
box 7, folder 2
China and the U.N.
1968 - 1971
box 7, folder 3
China articles
1974
Note
Holograph notes and clippings.
box 7, folder 4
China - Attack on Confucius
1974
box 7, folder 5
China Casualties [killed by the Communists]
1971
Note
Typescripts and clippings.
box 7, folder 6
China - FRIENDS COMMITTEE ON NATIONAL LEGISLATION NEWSLETTER
Note
[Miscellaneous issues], (no date).
box 7, folder 11
China Since Returning
1972
box 7, folder 12
China -- Sino-Russian
1964
box 7, folder 13
China's Statement on Bangladesh
1971
box 7, folder 16
China, U.S. Policy toward
box 7, folder 17
Chinese Language Study [Innerst's class notes and exercises]
box 7, folder 18
Clippings, handwritten notes
1963
box 7, folder 19
Committee of One Million Against the Admission of Communist China to the U.N.
1955 - 1965
box 7, folder 20
Cultural Revolution
1971
Note
Holograph notes and clippings.
box 7, folder 21
Current Chinese Developments
1974 - 1975
box 7, folder 22
Elegant's articles from Hong Kong
1975
box 8, folder 2
James Reston [newspaper articles]
1971
box 8, folder 3
Life in China
1965 - 1970
box 8, folder 12
Miscellaneous Facts and Figures
box 8, folder 13
Nixon's Trip to China
1969
Note
"Nixon on China," clippings.
box 8, folder 14
Nixon's Trip to China
1972
Note
"Nixon Trip - Clippings and Pamphlets."
box 8, folder 15
Nixon's Trip to China
Note
"Nixon Visit," clippings, (no date).
box 8, folder 16
Peking-United Nations
1966
box 9, folder 1
Senator Bridges Speech
1961
box 9, folder 2
Senators' Speeches [on] China
1966 - 1970
box 9, folder 3
Singapore
Note
Notes and clippings, (no date).
box 9, folder 5
Taiwan
Note
Clippings, (no date).
box 9, folder 6
Taiwan
Note
Clippings, (no date).
box 9, folder 10
U.S. - China Friendship Association Newsletter
1975
box 9, folder 11
Washington Visit, Appointments (China)
1971
box 9, folder 12
What Others Saw [in China]
1972
Note
Articles and clippings.
box 10, folder 1
China Trip - Narration by Stuart Innerst," color slides
1972
Note
See also AUDIO RECORDINGS - Cassette tapes - "China Slides."
box 10, folder 2
China Trip - Narration by Stuart Innerst," lists of slide descriptions
1972
Note
See also AUDIO RECORDINGS - Cassette tapes - "China Slides."
box 10, folder 3
Photographs of Stuart Innerst
box 10, folder 5
Photographs for CHINA GRAY, CHINA GREEN
box 10, folder 6
Photographs for CHINA GRAY, CHINA GREEN
box 10, folder 7
Photographs for CHINA GRAY, CHINA GREEN
box 10, folder 8, oversize MC04105
Chinese Propaganda Cartoons
box 10, folder 9, oversize MC04106
Chinese Newspaper (in Chinese)
box 11, folder 1
Reel-to-reel tape
Note
Lin, Paul T. "Tradition and change in contemporary China."
box 11, folder 2
Cassette tapes
1972
Note
"China 1972" - Side A: [opera?]. Side B: "From Canton through Nanking on B."
box 11, folder 3
Cassette tapes
Note
"China Slides - Narration by Stuart Innerst."
box 11, folder 4
Cassette tapes
1972
Note
"Shanghai June 21st" [opera?].
box 11, folder 5
Cassette tapes
1972
Note
"Visit to China" [discussion].
box 11, folder 6
Cassette tapes
1972
Note
Quaker Meetings - "Message Meeting for Worship (last part - thoughts on entering China 1972, sent home from Hong Kong May,
1972).
box 11, folder 7
Cassette tapes
1975
Note
Quaker Meetings - "Memorial Meeting - In Memory of Stuart Innerst - September 13."