Conditions Governing Access
Conditions Governing Use
Preferred Citation
Immediate Source of Acquisition
Biographical / Historical
Scope and Contents
Processing Information
General
Related Materials
Arrangement
Bibliography
Contributing Institution:
The Huntington Library
Title: H. D. Bacon papers
Creator:
Bacon, Henry Douglas, 1817-1893
Identifier/Call Number: mssBC
Physical Description:
26 Linear Feet
(43 boxes)
Date (inclusive): approximately 1766-1906
Date (bulk): 1850-1900
Abstract: This collection contains letters, documents, and a few account books related to the business activities of American financier
H.D. Bacon (1817-1893). Items chiefly date between 1850 and 1900 and subject matter includes banking methods in the 1850s;
the failure of Page & Bacon and Page, Bacon & Co.; the financing of the Ohio and Mississippi Railroad; land transactions in
Missouri and Illinois; mines and mining properties in the western United States; the wine and citrus industries in Southern
California; the Los Angeles and San Gabriel Valley Railroad; the purchase, boundaries, and subdivision of the Marengo Ranch
(now the city of South Pasadena, California); and the construction of the Raymond Hotel in Pasadena.
Language of Material: English.
Conditions Governing Access
Open for use by qualified researchers and by appointment. Please contact Reader Services at the Huntington Library for more
information.
Conditions Governing Use
The Huntington Library does not require that researchers request permission to quote from or publish images of this material,
nor does it charge fees for such activities. The responsibility for identifying the copyright holder, if there is one, and
obtaining necessary permissions rests with the researcher.
Preferred Citation
[Identification of item]. H. D. Bacon papers, The Huntington Library, San Marino, California.
Immediate Source of Acquisition
Most of the papers were purchased in January, 1945 from Edwin Grabhorn. The Marengo material was bought from Charles Yale's
Bookshop, Pasadena, in March, 1944.
Biographical / Historical
California financier Henry Douglas Bacon (1817-1893), the son of Joseph and Abigail Cleveland Bacon, was born in East Granville,
Massachusetts, in 1817. In 1835, he moved to St. Louis, Missouri, where he engaged first in the dry goods, then in the iron,
trade. He was married in 1844 to Julia Ann Page, daughter of Daniel Dearborn Page, miller, merchant, and owner of considerable
property in and around St. Louis.
Four years later, Bacon and his wealthy father-in-law formed the banking firm of Page & Bacon, Bacon being the active member.
The success of this enterprise led to the opening, in 1849, of Page, Bacon & Co.'s express office in San Francisco. The partners
were Page, his son Francis W. Page, Bacon, Henry Haight, and David Chambers. Page, Bacon & Co. soon became primarily a banking
concern, with branches in Sacramento, Sonora, and Honolulu. Business flourished until January, 1855. Then various factors,
among them falseness on the part of Page & Bacon's New York correspondents, and involvement in the financing of the Ohio &
Mississippi Railroad, compelled the St. Louis house to close its doors. When the news reached San Francisco, a run on Page,
Bacon & Co. also resulted in suspension. Both firms resumed, but by May both were forced into liquidation. The failure of
Page, Bacon & Co. served as a prelude to the San Francisco crash of 1855.
Bacon devoted the next few years to settlements with creditors and to attempts to make the Ohio & Mississippi Railroad a
paying proposition. In the eighteen sixties, he turned his attention to mining. He invested in mines throughout the western
United States and Mexico. After about 1870, however, his primary interest lay in properties in California and Arizona.
Paralleling Bacon's mining ventures were numerous other business activities and investments. The chief of these was his purchase,
in 1871 and 1873, of the Marengo Ranch, 1036 acres of what is now South Pasadena. At first his son, Frank Page Bacon, managed
the raising of stock and the growing of citrus fruits, grapes and walnuts on the ranch. Then this task was taken over by Langston
C. Winston. In 1883, some of the land was bought by Walter Raymond for his hotel, later the entire ranch was subdivided and
sold.
Bacon himself is not identified with Southern California. In 1866 he moved to the bay area, setting up an office in San Francisco
and making his home in Oakland. He is remembered for generous gifts to the University of California at Berkeley, notably the
Bacon Art and Library Building. At his death early in 1893, he was survived by his widow, his son, and two daughters, Carrie
J. Bacon and Ella Etta Bacon Soulé.
Scope and Contents
This collection contains letters, documents, and a few account books related to the business activities of California financier
Henry Douglas Bacon.
Subject matter includes banking methods in the 1850s; the failure of Page & Bacon and Page, Bacon & Co.; the financing of
the Ohio and Mississippi Railroad; land transactions in Missouri and Illinois; mines and mining properties in the western
United States; the wine and citrus industries in Southern California; the Los Angeles and San Gabriel Valley Railroad; the
purchase, boundaries, and subdivision of the Marengo Ranch (now the city of South Pasadena, California); and the construction
of the Raymond Hotel in Pasadena, California.
Significant persons represented in the collection include Frank Page Bacon (19 items), Henry Douglas Bacon (164 items), Julia
Ann (Page) Bacon (54 items), Samuel Latham Mitchill Barlow (57 items), James Buckland (31 items), William Tell Coleman (31
items), R. A. Fisher (18 items), Samuel Gaty (273 items), Walton G. Hughes (117 items), William Birdie Hyde (19 items), J.
G. Mahany (19 items), Ormsby MacKnight Mitchel (76 items), Daniel Dearborn Page (33 items), Francis W. Page( 33 items), Henry
Starr (21 items), John D. Weems (15 items), Langston C. Winston(27 items), and Thomas M. Yerkes(100 items).
Some notable items include:
- Bacon, Henry Douglas. Letters to Daniel D. Page and Francis W. Page concerning the failure of Page & Bacon and Page, Bacon
& Co., and efforts to recoup. 1855, Jan. - May
- Barlow, Samuel L. M. Letter to Henry D. Bacon concerning attempts to avert southern secession. 1860, Nov. 30
- Shaffner, Taliaferro Preston. Letter to Henry D. Bacon explaining his use of military mines during the Schleswig-Holstein
War. 1864, Sep. 15
- Letters to Bacon from mining agents in Mexico, describing the political unrest and resultant obstacles to business. 1865-1866
- Gaty, Samuel. Letters to Henry D. Bacon concerning attempts to get a land bill through the Illinois legislature by means of
lobbying and bribery. 1866, Nov.-1867, June
- Carr, Jeanne C. and Winston, Elizabeth M. Letters to Henry D. Bacon concerning the Pasadena Library Society. 1883, Jan. -
Feb.
- Hyde, William Birdie. Letters to Henry Douglas Bacon about Leland Stanford and the Southern Pacific. 1873, Aug. 14 - 22
- Cambell, James and others. Letter to Henry D. Bacon differentiating between the Pasadena and San Pasqual school districts.
1879, Dec. 26
- Bacon, Henry Douglas. Incomplete manuscript of his dedicatory speech for the Bacon Art and Library Building. 1881, Aug.
- Grant, Ulysses S., City Point, Virginia. Endorsement of Shaffner's system of artillery mining, 1865 March 22, contemporary
copy (BC 2560, box 10)
Processing Information
This finding aid was updated in 2022 by Melissa Haley as part of the American Presidential Papers Project with enhanced description
of the presidential material present.
General
Individual call numbers in the collection: mssBC 1-2561.
Related Materials
-
Samuel L. M. Barlow papers, 1776-1905 (bulk 1885-1889)
(Call number: mssBW Boxes 1-202)
Arrangement
Organized in the following series: 1. Correspondence; 2. Page & Bacon and Page, Bacon & Co. accounts; 3. Land papers; 4. Mining
papers; 5. Marengo Ranch; 6. Miscellaneous business papers and receipts; 7. Ephemera; 8. Loose volumes.
Bibliography
Cross, Ira B. Financing an Empire. Banking in California. vol. 1. p. 67, 71, 181ff., 188-190
Ferrier, William Warren. Origin and Development of the University of California. p. 427-430
Jones, William Carey. Illustrated History of the University of California. p. 207, portrait of Henry Douglas Bacon on p. 210
Stevens, Walter B. History of St. Louis, the Fourth City. 1764-1909. vol. 1. p. 305-306, portrait of Henry Douglas Bacon on
p. 321
Subjects and Indexing Terms
Banks and banking -- California
Citrus fruit industry -- California, Southern
Land use -- California, Southern
Land use -- Missouri -- Saint Louis.
Mines and mineral resources -- Mexico
Mines and mineral resources -- West (U.S.)
Railroads -- California, Southern
Wine industry -- California, Southern
California, Southern -- History -- Sources
South Pasadena (Calif.) -- History -- Sources
Account books United States
Letters (correspondence) United States
Professional papers United States
Bacon, Julia Ann Page
Barlow, Samuel L. M. (Samuel Latham Mitchill), 1826-1889
Coleman, William Tell, 1824-1893
Gaty, Samuel
Page, Daniel D.
Page, Francis W.
Starr, Henry, 1819-
Yerkes, Thomas M.
Los Angeles & San Gabriel Valley Railroad Co.
Marengo Ranch (Calif.)
Ohio & Mississippi Railroad Co.
Raymond Hotel (Pasadena, Calif.)
Bacon, Julia Ann Page
Barlow, Samuel L. M. (Samuel Latham Mitchill), 1826-1889
Coleman, William Tell, 1824-1893
Gaty, Samuel
Page, Daniel D.
Page, Francis W.
Starr, Henry, 1819-
Yerkes, Thomas M.