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Guide to the Concrete Poetry Collection
Mss 16
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Table of contents
Title: Concrete Poetry Collection,
Date (inclusive): 1960-1973
Collection Number: Mss 16
Collector:
Finlay, Ian Hamilton
Extent:
.3 linear feet
(1 half-size box and 1 oversize folder)
Repository:
University of California, Santa Barbara. Library. Department of Special Collections
Santa Barbara, California 93106-9010
Physical Location: Del Sur
Language:
English.
None.
Copyright has not been assigned to the Department of Special Collections, UCSB. All requests for permission to publish or
quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Head of Special Collections. Permission for publication is given
on behalf of the Department of Special Collections as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply
permission of the copyright holder, which also must be obtained.
Concrete Poetry Collection. Mss 16. Department of Special Collections, Davidson Library, University of California, Santa Barbara.
Purchase, 1973.
Concrete Poetry, a movement developed in the 1950s that reached its peak in the 1960s, emphasized the visual aspects of words
and examined the relationship between visual form and literary content. Art critic William Feaver described it as a "blend
of words used for their literal meanings and words used for their face value or visual appearance." It traces its origins
to the traditions of visual poetry, found in the experimental works of Stephane Mallarmé, Lewis Carroll, and Ezra Pound. Adopted
by members of the literary avant-garde of the mid-twentieth century, Concrete Poetry became the first truly international
poetry movement.
The movement was initiated in 1953 by the Swiss poet Eugen Gomringer, who published a book of poems inspired by the earlier
concrete painting movement. That same year, three poets in Brazil, Haraldo de Campos, Augusto de Campos, and Décio Pignatari,
formed a group known as Noigandres to publish works in a style they termed Poesia Concreta. Working independently, the Swedish
artist Öyvind Fahlström developed his own Concrete Poetry manifesto in 1953, but unfortunately, it was neither translated
nor widely disseminated for many years. He had been inspired by experiments in
musique concrète produced by the French sound engineer Pierre Schaeffer.
By 1962, Concrete Poetry was an established artistic movement, and it attracted the attention of the Scottish poet Ian Hamilton
Finlay. Having recently established the Wild Hawthorn Press to produce the works of contemporary artists, Finlay was soon
using his publications to showcase his own explorations of the new form. Having corresponded with both Gomringer and the Noigandres
group, Finlay became a major promoter of the genre, organizing and participating in numerous exhibitions.
Ian Hamilton Finley was born in 1925 in the Bahamas, but his family returned to Scotland while he was a child. His formal
education ended at the outbreak of World War II, when his family was relocated to the remote Orkney Islands. After serving
in the army towards the end of the war, he began writing short stories and poetry, with his first published work coming in
1958. With his friend Jessie McGuffie, he founded the Wild Hawthorn Press in 1961, through which he published the periodical
Poor. Old. Tired. Horse., which was a showcase for Concrete Poetry. In the mid-1960s, Finlay and his wife settled on a country estate outside Edinburgh
called Stonypath, where he began building a garden that incorporated both his poetry and sculpture. The garden, known as Little
Sparta, became very popular in the 1980s, largely through Finley's protracted - and well-publicized - battles with the Scottish
Arts Council.
Scope and Content of Collection
The manuscript collection contains copies of brochures, catalogs, conference guides, exhibit notices, flyers, lists, posters,
programs, and prospectuses, mainly European, collected by Scottish poet Ian Hamilton Finlay, founder of Wild Hawthorn Press.
This is part of a larger collection of several hundred titles, most cataloged individually and searchable on Pegasus, the
UCSB Libraries online catalog.