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Register of Angela Davis
Academic Freedom Case
& Trial and Defense Movement,
1969-1972
MSS 093
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Repository:
Southern California Library for Social Studies and Research
6120 South Vermont Ave
Los Angeles,
CA 90044
Phone: (323) 759-6063
Fax: (323) 759-2252
Email:
archives@socallib.org
URL:
http://www.socallib.org/
Creator:
Kalish, Donald
Title: Angela Davis
Academic Freedom Case
& Trial and Defense Movement, 1969-1972
Quantity: 2 Legal Boxes; .67 Linear Feet
Abstract: This collection holds 1 box which chronicles Angela Davis’ academic freedom case from the viewpoint of academia, and the
Davis trial from the viewpoint of the movement to free her. The 2nd box holds press clippings from a variety of corporate
and social-movement sources.
Identification: MSS 093
Language of Material: English (bulk).
Language of Material: Pamphlets in German.News articles in Italian and French.One political flyer in Spanish.
Biography of Donald Kalish and Angela Davis
Donald Kalish (12/4/1919-6/8/2000) was born in Chicago, Illinois. He lived much of his life in Los Angeles, California, and died there after a fruitful academic and activist career. Starting in 2001, an award was made in his name for the excellent
intellectual work of undergraduates in the UCLA Philosophy Department.
His education from BA to PhD was done at University of California, Berkeley. He taught at University of California, Los Angeles from 1949-1990 in the Department of Philosophy and helped create the UCLA program in Logic and Semantics. Kalish served
as Chair of the department from 1964-1970, and hired Angela Davis during that period.
His extramural activities included founding the Concerned Faculty of UCLA, acting as a member of the University Committee on Vietnam, and acting as Vice-Chairman of Peace Action Council, Los Angeles. He is known for his leadership role with the Peace Action Council in a 1967 protest against President Johnson’s
Vietnam policies at the Century Plaza Hotel, which brought out 10,000 people. A thousand riot-officers were used to break
up the demonstration. He also brought suit against the Federal Government due to the 1966 Tax Adjustment Act, demanding a
refund on his telephone bill for $4.92. The added taxes, Kalish Said, were solely to “provide funds for the war in Vietnam.”
In response to the Regents’ attempted dismissal of Angela Davis, he said it “was an irrelevant point that she was a Communist,”
which was the main stated reason for the controversy.
His later activism revolved around the United States’ foreign policy in Central America.
Angela Yvonne Davis was born January 26, 1944 in Birmingham, Alabama, the eldest of four children. She studied piano, dance, and the clarinet in a segregated middle-class black neighborhood.
In the mid 1950’s she and her mother Sallye Davis took party in Birmingham civil rights demonstrations and Angela helped to
form interracial study groups. The study groups were disbanded by police and white vigilantes in the Davis neighborhood which
came to be known as “Dynamite Hill”; the Davis home was once shaken by a bomb blast across the street.
Due to her outstanding academic work, at age 14 Davis received a scholarship from the American Friends Service Committee to study in integrated schools in the north. She studied at the Elizabeth Irwin High School, part of the Little Red School House in New York City’s Greenwich Village, a small private school, favored by the radical community. Students at this school
were, and still are, encouraged to be part of social justice struggles; she was exposed to communism at the school and joined
the Advance youth group.
Davis then received a full scholarship to Brandeis University in Massachusetts, one of only three Black students in the freshman class. She encountered her future professor Herbert Marcuse at a political rally during the Cuban Missile Crisis. She majored in French; spent time in France, but returned to the United
States to study philosophy. In 1965 she graduated magna cum laude. She was also elected to membership in the liberal arts
society Phi Beta Kappa.
While working on her Philosophy graduate work was in Germany, she came to the conclusion that East Germany was dealing better
with the residue of fascism than the West. At this point, she studied with Adorno and other Marxist philosophers. After
winning her freedom in 1972, she would visit the East again. She returned to the University of California, San Diego to finish her graduate work, once again with Marcuse who had relocated there.
Throughout her years, Davis has maintained her activism for abolition of the prison-industrial complex. She is a founder
of Critical Resistance, which organizes communities against prisons and unjust law-enforcement practices. She also serves on the board of the Prison Activist Resource Center.
In 1980 and 1984 Davis ran for Vice President on the Communist Party ticket along with Gus Hall.
Ronald Reagan, in his role as Governor of California, said that Davis would never teach in University of California system after her controversial
time at UCLA. Nevertheless, she is currently a tenured professor at UC Santa Cruz in the History of Consciousness and Feminist
Studies program
Note
Collection Background
Angela Davis was hired to teach courses in the UCLA Philosophy Department by then-chair Donald Kalish in the summer of 1969.
Although ostensibly a one-year appointment, based on precedent, there was every reason to believe she would be rehired for
a second year, provided her doctoral work and teaching were recognized.
At this point William Tulio Divale, an FBI student informant, wrote a letter printed on July 1, 1969 in the
Title:
Daily Bruin
, UCLA’s student newspaper, revealing that a member of the Communist Party, USA had been appointed to the Philosophy Department. This was followed by an article of July 9, 1969 in the
Title:
San Francisco Examiner
which openly stated the Philosophy lecturer was Davis.
The Vice-Chancellor Saxon then asked Davis to declare whether she was a member of the Communist Party, USA(CPUSA), since a 1949 policy of the Regents stated that no member of the Communist Party could teach at the University of California.
This set in motion actions by many members of the Philosophy Department, other UCLA faculty, and academics across the country
to decry what they considered a political test and a threat to academic freedom. She stated to an investigating committee
that she was indeed a member of the Che Lumumba Club, affiliated with the CPUSA.
Attempts by the Regents were made to withhold her pay and keep her from teaching, but Kalish still allowed her to teach. A kind of circus then
evolved as to whether students could receive credits for her courses. Her lectures were monitored, and while it was reported
that she did not use her position to indoctrinate students to Communism, and that her commitment to teaching was very strong,
it was her public speaking that truly placed her teaching position in jeopardy. One such public statement was that mass demonstrations
had been what secured the favorable decision by the Superior Court of California to stop her dismissal, which many regents
considered a ‘deliberate falsehood’. She was also quoted as telling others to openly fight against systems of oppression.
Many of these speeches were organized around defense of the Black Panther Party, and specifically around the Soledad Brothers. These extramural speeches were deemed to be dangerous to ‘academic freedom’ and it was decided by the Regents that Davis would not be rehired for the second year.
One of the Soledad Brothers, George Jackson, and Davis became quite close through correspondence, and some of these romantic letters would be used by her counsel in
her defense. Her relationship with George and his brother Jonathan would change her life. In San Rafael, California, at the Marin County Courthouse on August 7, 1970, Jonathan attempted to take hostages, including a judge, in order to free
his brother. Jonathan Jackson was killed in the process, and the authorities traced the guns back to Davis, which she had bought to defend the legal headquarters
of the Soledad Brothers. The conspiracy charges leveled against her carried the death penalty
A federal fugitive warrant was issued. Davis became the third woman to be on the FBI’s top ten list while she was underground for two months. She was found in New York City, extradited to California, and held without bail until the end of her trial, June 4, 1972.
A mass movement mushroomed across the country, as well as around the world, for her release.
The jury acquitted her on all counts after only thirteen hours of deliberation. She was represented by John Abt, also counsel to the CPUSA. After her release, she traveled to East Germany, the USSR, and elsewhere to give speeches on her experiences and to thank her supporters.
During her incarceration, activists across the world claimed her trial was based on a frame-up stemming from her celebrity
and vocal support of the Soledad Brothers; the government needed to punish someone for the escape attempt and for the revolutionary orientation of the actions. United
States authorities, on the other hand, claimed that the Communist Party ordered Angela to stay in the country, and that her
case was being used to create support for the Party.
Scope and Contents of the Collection
The Collection of the Angela Davis Academic Freedom Case & Trial and Defense Movement,
1969-1972, is comprised of three series.
Series 1: The Academic Freedom Case materials give insight into the ways in which academic freedom is policed inside the university
amidst varying levels of authority, mostly looking at the Regents of the University of California, UCLA administrators, and
faculty
Series 2: The Trial and Defense Movement papers demonstrate one way in which a mass movement can be carried out, from behind
the scenes planning, to the materials that movements use to garner support for an issue. Most of these materials come from
the National United Committee to Free Angela Davis (NUCFAD), along with some other groups affiliated with the cause to free Davis.
Series 3: The Press Clippings show the UCLA case and trial from various viewpoints of mostly print media. By looking at
these differing sources, one can compare the coverage of for-profit media and social-movement media on these issues.
This collection is arranged, in the bulk of cases, chronologically.
The collection is available for research only at the Library's facility in Los Angeles. The Library is open from 10 a.m. to
4 p.m., Tuesday through Saturday. Researchers are encouraged to call or email the Library indicating the nature of their research
query prior to making a visit.
Copyright has not been assigned to the Southern California Library for Social Studies and Research. Researchers may NOT make
any copies of any portion of the collection and no names of individuals appearing in the records may be recorded, noted or
published until the year 2040.
Publication of other material from the collection will be allowed only with the express written permission of the Library's
director. When the Southern California Library for Social Studies and Research gives permission for publication, it is as
the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also
be obtained by the reader.
Archival Collections
Note
• Peace Action Council Records
• Black Panther Party Records
• Angela Davis Collection in Poster Collection
•
Title:
The Black Panther
in Periodicals Collection
•
Title:
Ramparts
February 1971 in Periodicals Collection
• Angela Davis Case, Summary Of- 1971- Los Angeles, CA. In Audio Collection
• James Baldwin- ‘On Defense of Angela Davis’- 5/1972- University of California, Los Angeles. In Audio Collection
• Angela Davis, Peace And Justice Statewide Demonstration- 5/20/1972- San Jose, CA. In Audio Collection
• James Baldwin Discusses Angela Davis Case In Context Of Present Day Social Structure- 5/24/1972- Los Angeles, CA. In Audio
Collection
• Dr. Angela Davis-‘A Night of Triumph- A Projection of the Future’- 6/9/1972- Los Angeles, CA. In Audio Collection
.
Books
Note
• Mitchell, Charlene. “The Fight To Free Angela Davis: its importance for the working class” Report to 20th National Convention
Communist Party USA, 1972. In Black Studies pamphlets.
• Davis, Angela Y.
Title:
Blues Legacies and Black Feminism
. New York: Pantheon Books, 1998.
In Art section.
• Davis, Angela Y.
Title:
Women Race & Class
. New York: Random House, 1981. In Women Studies Section.
Poster Collection- Angela Davis Posters
Note
• Poster (“Free Angela Davis” showing Angela on a microphone)
• Magazine article,
Title:
LIFE,
9/11/1970
When possible, Library of Congress subject headings are used.
Davis, Angela Yvonne, 1944- defendant.
Davis, Angela Yvonne, 1944-
Kalish, Donald
National United Committee to Free Angela Davis
Communist Party of the United States of America.
Regents --California
University of California, Los Angeles.
Academic Freedom.
Communism.
Racism.
Trials (Conspiracy)--California.
Social movement --United States.
Los Angeles (Calif.)
San Rafael (Calif.)
Marin County (Calif.)
New York (N.Y.)
Germany (East)
Letters.
Newsletters
Ethnic press
Press, Communist
Newspapers
Pamphlets
Files contain photocopies of correspondence between members of the UCLA Philosophy Department and UCLA administrators. Originals
are in the Donald Kalish Papers at the Special Collections of UCLA.
Papers were lent to the Southern California Library for Social Studies and Research by Donald Kalish in 1984. Appropriate
papers were returned to Kalish in 1988 and the whole of his papers are kept at UCLA in Special Collections. Papers were organized
to some extent in that period. The most recent reorganization finally moves papers according to some of those original categories,
and creates a few new ones.
Note
Major changes from the first organization were to create a separate folder for the German language materials, and to put all
the newsprint into one box of its own.
[Identification of item], Angela Davis Academic Freedom Case & Trial and Defense Movement Records, Southern California Library
for Social Studies and Research, Los Angeles, California.
Loan from Donald Kalish, 15 August 1984to8 October 1988